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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第4期8卷 837-847页

作者： Hamed Habibi ian howard Silvio Simani Afef Fekih School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Curtin UniversityWA 6102Australia Department of Engineering University of FerraraFerrara 44100Italy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisiana at LafayetteLouisiana 70504 USA

This paper proposes an adaptive sliding mode observer(ASMO)-based approach for wind turbines subject to simultaneous faults in sensors and *** proposed approach enables the simultaneous detection of actuator and sensor faults without the need for any redundant hardware ***,wind speed variations are considered as unknown disturbances,thus eliminating the need for accurate measurement or *** proposed ASMO enables the accurate estimation and reconstruction of the descriptor states and *** proposed design implements the principle of separation to enable the use of the nominal controller during faulty *** tolerance is achieved by implementing a signal correction scheme to recover the nominal *** performance of the proposed approach is validated using a 4.8 MW wind turbine benchmark model subject to various ***-Carlo analysis is also carried out to further evaluate the reliability and robustness of the proposed approach in the presence of measurement ***,ease of implementation and the decoupling property are among the positive features of the proposed approach.

关键词： Fault tolerant control horizontal axis wind turbines Monte-Carlo analysis principle of separation simultaneous faults sliding mode observer

Power maximization of variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbines using passive adaptive neural fault tolerant control

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第3期12卷 377-388页

作者： Hamed HABIBI Hamed RAHIMI NOHOOJI ian howard Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Civil and MechanicalEngineering Curtin University Perth Australia

Power maximization has always been a practical consideration in wind turbines. The question of how to address optimal power capture, especially when the system dynamics are nonlinear and the actuators are subject to unknown faults, is significant. This paper studies the control methodology for variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbines including the effects of uncertain nonlinear dynamics, system fault uncertainties, and unknown external disturbances. The nonlinear model of the wind turbine is presented, and the problem of maximizing extracted energy is formulated by designing the optimal desired states. With the known system, a model-based nonlinear controller is designed; then, to handle uncertainties, the unknown nonlinearities of the wind turbine are estimated by utilizing radial basis function neural networks. The adaptive neural fault tolerant control is designed passively to be robust on model uncertainties, disturbances including wind speed and model noises, and completely unknown actuator faults including generator torque and pitch actuator torque. The Lyapunov direct method is employed to prove that the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded. Simulation studies are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： wind turbine nonlinear model maximum power tracking passive fault tolerant control adaptive neural control

Seasonal variation of tidal prism and energy in the Changjiang River estuary： a numerical study

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第1期34卷 219-230页

作者：张敏 ian howard TOWNEND 蔡华阳周云轩 State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Southampton Southampton SO171B J UK Department of Water Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Stevinweg 1 P.O. Box 5048 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands

Tidal rivers are intrinsically complex because tidal propagation is influenced by river discharge. This study aims to examine the seasonal variation of tidal prism and energy variance in the tidal river of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River estuary in China. In order to quantify the behaviour of river and tide,we use numerical modelling that has been validated using measured data. We conduct our analysis by quantifying the discharge and energy variance in separate components for both the river and the tide,during wet and dry seasons. We note various definitions of tidal prism and explore the difference between tidal discharge on the flood and ebb and tidal storage volume. The results show that the river discharge attenuates the tidal motion and reduces the tidal flood discharge but the tidal storage volume is approximately constant with different riverine discharge since part of the fresh water discharge is intercepted and captured in the estuary due to the backwater effect. It appears that the tidal discharge adjusts according to the variation of river discharge to keep a constant tidal storage volume. An analysis of the hydraulics shows that the transition from tidal dominance(at the mouth) to river dominance(upstream) depends on the location of tidal current reversal which varies from wet season to dry season. Duringthe wet season,the Changjiang River estuary is totally dominated by energy from fresh water discharge.

关键词： hydrodynamics estuary convergence tidal prism hydraulics energy tidal river

1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-basedmetabonomic study in patients with cirrhosis and hepaticencephalopathy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第12期7卷 1701-1707页

作者： Konstantinos John Dabos John Andrew Parkinson ian howard Sadler John Nicholas Plevris Peter Clive Hayes Centre of Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Department of Chemistry University of Strathclyde Department of Chemistry University of Edinburgh

AIM: To identify plasma metabolites used as biomarkers in order to distinguish cirrhotics from controls and ***: A clinical study involving stable cirrhotic patients with and without overt hepatic encephalopathy was designed. A control group of healthy volunteers was used. Plasma from those patients was analysed using 1H- nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We used the Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill sequence to process the sample spectra at ambient probe temperature. We used a gated secondary irradiation field for water signal suppression. Samples were calibrated and referenced using the sodium trimethyl silyl propionate peak at 0.00 ppm. For each sample 128 transients(FID's) were acquired into 32 K complex data points over a spectral width of 6 KHz. 30 degree pulses were applied with an acquisition time of 4.0 s in order to achieve better resolution, followed by a recovery delay of 12 s, to allow for complete relaxation and recovery of the magnetisation. A metabolic profile was created for stable cirrhotic patients without signs of overt hepatic encephalopathy and encephalopathic patients as well as healthy controls. Stepwise discriminant analysis was then used and discriminant factors were created to differentiate between the three ***: Eighteen stabled cirrhotic patients, eighteen patients with overt hepatic encephalopathy and seventeen healthy volunteers were recruited. Patients with cirrhosis had significantly impaired ketone body metabolism, urea synthesis and gluconeogenesis. This was demonstrated by higher concentrations of acetoacetate(0.23 ± 0.02 vs 0.05 ± 0.00, P < 0.01), and b-hydroxybutarate(0.58 ± 0.14 vs 0.08 ± 0.00, P < 0.01), lower concentrations of glutamine(0.44 ± 0.08 vs 0.63 ± 0.03, P < 0.05), histidine(0.16 ± 0.01 vs 0.36 ± 0.04, P < 0.01) and arginine(0.08 ± 0.01 vs 0.14 ± 0.02, P < 0.03) and higher concentrations of glutamate(1.36 ± 0.25 vs 0.58 ± 0.04, P < 0.01), lactate(1.53 ± 0.11 vs 0.42 ± 0.05, P < 0.01),

关键词： Ketone bodies Branch chain amino acids Glutamine Glycolysis

Piezoelectric inertial robot for operating in small pipelines based on stick-slip mechanism:modeling and experiment

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第3期17卷 109-124页

作者： Jichun XING Chao NING Yingxiang LIU ian howard School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Curtin UniversityPerth6001Australia

Small pipes exist in industrial and biomedical fields,and require microrobots with high operational precision and large load capacity to inspect or perform functional tasks.A piezoelectric inertial pipeline robot using a“stick-slip”mechanism was proposed to address this *** this study,the driving principle of the proposed robot was analyzed,and the strategy of the design scheme was presented.A dynamics model of the stick-slip system was established by combining the dynamics model of the driving foot system and the LuGre friction model,and the simulation analysis of the effect of system parameters on the operating trajectory was *** experimental system was established to examine the output characteristics of the proposed *** results show that the proposed pipeline robot with inertial stick-slip mechanism has a great load capacity of carrying 4.6 times(70 g)its own mass and high positioning *** speed of the pipeline robot can reach up to 3.5 mm/s(3 mm/s)in the forward(backward)direction,with a minimum step distance of 4µ*** potential application for fine operation in the pipe is exhibited by a demonstration of contactless transport.

关键词： pipeline robot piezoelectric inertial drive stick-slip large load capacity dynamics model small pipeline

Decoupling Adaptive Sliding Mode Observer Design for Wind Turbines Subject to Simultaneous Faults in Sensors and Actuators.

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Radiofrequency ablation for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia:Outcomes form United Kingdom registry

自动化学报（英文版） 2021年第4期

作者： Hamed Habibi ian howard Silvio Simani Afef Fekih

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第36期19卷 6011-6019页

作者： Rehan J Haidry Mohammed A Butt Jason Dunn Matthew Banks Abhinav Gupta howard Smart Pradeep Bhandari Lesley Ann Smith Robert Willert Grant Fullarton Morris John Massimo Di Pietro ian Penman Marco Novelli Laurence B Lovat Department of Surgery and Interventional Science National Medical Laser Centre UCL Department Gastroenterology University College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Department Gastroenterology Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Trust Institute for Medical Informatics Oslo University Hospital Department Gastroenterology Royal Liverpool University Hospital Merseyside Department Gastroenterology Princess Alexandra Hospital Cosham Department Gastroenterology Bradford Royal Infirmary Bradford Department Gastroenterology Central Manchester University Hospital Department Gastroenterology Glasgow Royal Infirmary Department Gastroenterology Addenbrooke’s Hospital Royal Infirmary Edinburgh

AIM:To report outcomes on patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation(RFA)for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia from a National ***:A Prospective cohort study from 8 tertiary referral centres in the United *** with squamous high grade dysplasia(HGD)and early squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)confined to the mucosa were *** lesions were removed by endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)before *** initial RFA treatment,patients were followed up *** flat dysplasia was treated with RFA until complete reversal dysplasia(CR-D)was achieved or progression to invasive Squamous cell cancer defined as infiltration into the submucosa layer or *** main outcome measures were CR-D at 12 mo from start of treatment,long term durability,progression to cancer and adverse ***:Twenty patients with squamous HGD/ESCC completed treatment *** patients(25%)had EMR before starting RFA ***-D was 50%at12 mo with a median of 1 RFA treatment,mean 1.5(range 1-3).Two further patients achieved CR-D with repeat RFA after this *** per cent with CR-D remain dysplasia free at latest biopsy,with median follow up 24 mo(IQR 17-54).Six of 20 patients(30%)progressed to invasive cancer at 1 *** patients(20%)required endoscopic dilatations for symptomatic structuring after *** of these patients have required serial dilatations thereafter for symptomatic dysphagia with a median of 4 dilatations per *** other 2 patients required only a single dilatation to achieve an adequate symptomatic *** patient developed cancer during follow up after end of treatment ***:The role of RFA in these patients re-mains *** our series 50%patients responded at12 *** figures are lower than limited published data.

关键词： Squamous neoplasia Oesophageal cancer Endoscopic mucosal resection High-grade dysplasia Radiofrequency ablation

Radiation-Induced Spinal Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Rare Complication in the Management of Head and Neck Cancer

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2016年第6期5卷 233-241页

作者： Andrew W. Ju H. ian Robins M. Shahriar Salamat Allison M. Grayev Steven P. howard Department of Radiation Oncology Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC USA Department of Human Oncology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of Medicine School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of Neurology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of Pathology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of Radiology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA

Background: Radiation-induced gliomas of the spinal cord are rare late complications of spinal cord irradiation that typically occur in patients treated at younger ages. Aim: Raise awareness of radiation induced high grade gliomas with a case presentation and a review of the literature. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male with Stage IVA squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx was treated with external beam radiotherapy with a complete response. Seven years later, he presented with a cervical spinal cord mass on MRI. An open biopsy was performed. Pathology revealed an intramedullary WHO grade IV astrocytoma, (i.e., glioblastoma multiforme) of the cervical spine that fulfilled the criteria for a radiation-induced malignancy. Conclusions : Review of the literature suggests that radiation-induced gliomas tend to be high grade and may occur at the periphery of an irradiated field. Radiation-induced gliomas of the spinal cord are a serious complication of radiotherapy that may occur in older patients with head and neck cancers, but are so rare that it should not affect treatment decisions.

关键词： Central Nervous System Spinal Cord Glioblastoma Multiforme Radiation Induced Head and Neck Cancer

Allele-aware chromosome-level genome assembly of Artemisia annua reveals the correlation between ADS expansion and artemisinin yield

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Molecular Plant 2022年第8期15卷 1310-1328页

作者： Baosheng Liao Xiaofeng Shen Li Xiang Shuai Guo Shiyu Chen Ying Meng Yu Liang Dandan Ding Junqi Bai Dong Zhang Tomasz Czechowski Yi Li Hui Yao Tingyu Mai Caroline howard Chao Sun Haitao Liu Jiushi Liu Jin Pei Jihai Gao Jigang Wang Xiaohui Qiu Zhihai Huang Hongyi Li Ling Yuan Jianhe Wei lan Graham Jiang Xu Boli Zhang Shilin Chen Instituteof ChineseMateria Medica China Academyof ChineseMedical SciencesBeijing 100700China Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of the Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration the Second Clinical CollegeGuangzhou Universityof ChineseMedicineGuangzhou510006China Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100193China Artemisinin Research.Center China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Pharmacy College Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137China Centre for Novel Agricultural Products Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Trust Genome CampusHinxton CB101RQUK Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546USA Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement&Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenChineseAcademyof SciencesGuangzhou 510520China School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137China

Artemisia annua is the major natural source of artemisinin,an anti-malarial medicine commonly used ***,we present chromosome-level haploid maps for two *** strains with different artemisinin contents to explore the relationships between genomic organization and artemisinin ***-fidelity sequencing,optical mapping,and chromatin conformation capture sequencing were used to assemble the heterogeneous and repetitive genome and resolve the haplotypes of *** 5o,ooo genes were annotated for each haplotype genome,and a triplication event that occurred approximately 58.12million years ago was examined for the first time in this species.A total of 3,903,467-5,193,414 variants(SNPs,indels,and structural variants)were identified in the 1.5-Gb genome during pairwise comparison between haplotypes,consistent with the high heterozygosity of this *** analyses revealed a correlation between artemisinin concents and the copy number of amorpha-4,11-dienes *** correlation was further confirmed by resequencing of *** samples with varied artemisinin *** consensus sequencing of transcripts facilitated the detection of paralog ***,our study provides chromosome-level allele-aware genome assemblies for two *** strains and new insights into the biosynthesis of artemisinin and its regulation,which will contribute to conquering malaria worldwide.

关键词： Artemisia annua artemisinin haplotype chromosome amorpha-4 11-diene synthase copy number variation

卒中一级预防指南美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南美国神经病学学会肯定本指南作为神经科医生继续教育工具的价值

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国际脑血管病杂志 2010年第12期18卷 881-943页

作者： Larry B. Goldstein Cheryl D. Bushnell Robert J. Adams Lawrence J. Appel Lynne T. Braun Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Antonio Culebras Robert H. Eckel Robert G. Hart Judith A. Hinchey Virginia J. howard Edward C. Jauch Steven R. Levine James F. Meschia Wesley S. Moore J.V. (ian) Nixon Thomas A. Pearson 张霞(译) 尤寿江(译) 陈孝东(译) 卢涛声(译) 石际俊(译) 曹勇军(译) 徐兴顺(译) 代表美国心脏协会卒中委员会、心血管护理委员会、流行病学和预防委员会、高血压研究委员会、周围血管病委员会以及医疗质量和转归研究跨学科委员会苏州大学附属第二医院神经内科苏州大学神经科学研究所215004

背景和目的本指南对各种已确定和新出现的卒中危险因素的证据进行概述，以提供降低首次卒中风险的循证推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位成员先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名，并经美国心脏协会（American HeartAssociation，AH... 详细信息

背景和目的本指南对各种已确定和新出现的卒中危险因素的证据进行概述，以提供降低首次卒中风险的循证推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位成员先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名，并经美国心脏协会（American HeartAssociation，AHA）卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾的方法（涵盖时间为2006年上一次回顾发表到2009年4月），参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来总结现有证据，并指出现有知识的差距；如果合适，则根据标准的AHA标准做出推荐。写作组全体成员均有机会对推荐进行评论并审核这份声明的最终文本。在AHA科学咨询和协调委员会考察和批准之前，本指南已南卒中委员会领导层和AIIA科学声明督察委员会进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒巾风险的流程图进行了评价。根据干预的町能性（不可于预、可于预或潜在可干预）和证据的强度（证据充分或证据不太充分），对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预危险因素包括年龄、性别、低出生体质量、人种／种族和遗传倾向。证据充分的叮干预危险因素包括高血压、吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、体力活动过少以及肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白（a）升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行了回顾。结论多方面的证据可用于确定能增高首次卒中风险的多种具体因素并提供降低这种风险的策略。

关键词： AHA科学声明卒中危险因素一级预防