检索结果-南通市图书馆

Challenges facing sustainable protein production:Opportunities for cereals

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Plant Communications 2023年第6期4卷 55-69页

作者： Luqman B.Safdar MJohn Foulkes Friedrich H.Kleiner Iain R.Searle Rahul A.Bhosale ian d.fisk Scott A.Boden School of Agriculture Food and WineWaite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSA 5064Australia School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLoughborough LE125RDUK Faculty of Applied Science Kavli Institute of NanoscienceDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 92629 HZ Delftthe Netherlands 4School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

Rising demands for protein worldwide are likely to drive increases in livestock production,asmeat provides-40%of dietary *** will come at a significant environmental cost,and a shift toward plant-based protein sources would therefore provide major *** legumes provide substantial amounts of plant-based protein,cereals are the major constituents of global foods,with wheat alone accounting for 15–20%of the required dietary protein *** of protein content in wheat is limited by phenotyping challenges,lack of genetic potential of modern germplasms,negative yield trade-offs,and environmental costs of nitrogen *** wheat as a case study,we discuss how increasing protein content in cereals through a revised breeding strategy combined with robust phenotyping could ensure a sustainable protein supply while minimizing the environmental impact of nitrogen fertilizer.

关键词： sustainability protein nutrition grain protein content innovative breeding

Preoperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing liver resection:A prospective randomized trial

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第3期11卷 305-317页

作者： Kylie Russell Han-Guang Zhang Lyn K GillANders Adam SJR Bartlett Helena L fisk Philip C Calder Peter J Swan Lindsay d Plank Nutrition Services Auckland City Hospital department of Surgery University of Auckland New Zealand Liver Transplant Unit Auckland City Hospital Human development and Health Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton

BACKGROUNd Preoperative supplementation with immunonutrients, including arginine and n-3 fatty acids, has been shown in a number of systematic reviews to reduce infectious complications in patients who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery. Limited information, however, is available on the benefits of nutritional supplementation enriched with arginine and n-3 fatty acids in patients undergoing liver *** To evaluate the effects of preoperative nutritional supplementation enriched with arginine and n-3 fatty acids on inflammatory and immunologic markers and clinical outcome in patients undergoing liver *** Thirty-four patients undergoing liver resection were randomized to either five days of preoperative Impact? [1020 kcal/d, immunonutrition(IMN) group], or standard care [no supplementation, standard care(STd) group]. Nutritional status was measured at study entry by subjective global assessment(SGA).Functional assessments(grip strength, fatigue and performance status) were carried out at study entry, on the day prior to surgery, and on postoperative day(POd) 7 and 30. Inflammatory and immune markers were measured at study entry, on the day prior to surgery, and POd 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 30. Postoperative complications were recorded prospectively until *** A total of 32 patients(17 IMN and 15 STd) were analysed. All except four patients were SGA class A. The plasma ratio of(eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid) to arachidonic acid was higher in IMN patients on the day prior to surgery and POd 1, 3, 5 and 7(P d in the IMN group(P = 0.017 for POd7). No treatment effect was detected for functional measures, immune response(white cell count and total lymphocytes) or markers of inflammation(C-reactive protein,tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-8, IL-10). There were 10 patients with infectious complications in the IMN group and 4 in the STd group(P = 0.087). Median hospital st

关键词： Liver cancer Partial hepatectomy Fish oil Arginine Nutritional status Inflammation

农林系统(田间管理)对咖啡产量、咖啡树的生长状况、绿色咖啡豆的物理化学性质以及烘焙咖啡豆风味形成的影响

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

农林系统(田间管理)对咖啡产量、咖啡树的生长状况、绿色咖啡豆的...

中国食品科学技术学会第十五届年会

作者：许粟 ian d.fisk Elias de Melo Virginio Filho 贵阳学院食品与制药工程学院英国诺丁汉大学生物学院食品科学系

从2000年开始,一个长期的实验被建立在哥斯达黎加热带农业研究与高等教育中心（CATIE,Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center,Turrialba,Costa Rica）。遮阴树作为主要影响因素,田间管理（有机和非有机种植）作... 详细信息

从2000年开始,一个长期的实验被建立在哥斯达黎加热带农业研究与高等教育中心（CATIE,Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center,Turrialba,Costa Rica）。遮阴树作为主要影响因素,田间管理（有机和非有机种植）作为次要影响因素,通过不完整的随机区组设计,20种不同的农林系统被建立。咖啡树13年的平均产量,每两年间的平均产量差,枝条修剪率,以及咖啡树的生长状况（包括高度、树根直径、总枝条数、有效枝条数）被测量分析。不同的田间管理以及遮阴树种类对绿色咖啡豆的物理化学性质以及烘焙咖啡豆风味和色泽形成的影响被研究调查。尽管有机管理可以促进咖啡树的平稳生产,但是相对于强度的传统管理,强度的有机管理降低了咖啡的产量以及抑制了咖啡树的生长。与中等强度的传统管理相比较,在强度的有机管理条件下,咖啡树不仅有相似或者更高的咖啡产量,而且在此条件下,绿色咖啡豆中总油脂和蛋白质含量更高,因此在烘焙过程中,咖啡豆能产生更多的风味物质以及更深的颜色。在全光照系统下,咖啡树的总产量以及每两年间的平均产量差更高,绿色咖啡豆的密度、总蛋白含量更高,在烘焙后,咖啡豆能产生更多的风味物质以及更深的颜色。与可以提供木材的遮阴树系统相比,在纯服务遮阴树系统条件下,咖啡树不仅有更高的产量和更好的生长状况,而且绿色咖啡豆中总蛋白含量更高,因此,在烘焙过程中,咖啡豆能产生更多的风味物质以及更深的颜色。与非固氮遮阴树系统相比较,固氮遮阴树系统不仅提升了绿色咖啡豆中总蛋白的含量,而且也进一步的促进了烘焙后咖啡豆风味和色泽的形成。

关键词：农林系统遮阴树有机管理咖啡产量咖啡树生长矿物质油脂蛋白质脂肪酸碳水化合物风味物质

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

偶发轻度认知功能障碍预后与病例定义的关系

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 44-45页

作者： fisk J.d. Rockwood K. 王孝文 Capital district Health Authority 1421-5955 Veterans’Memorial Lane Halifax NS B3H 2E1 Canada

definitions of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) vary, yielding conflicting results. For example, case definitions affect prevalence but not outcomes in prevalent cases. Our objective was to determine whether variation in case definitions affects outcomes in incident cases of MCI. The 5 year risks of death, institutionalisation, and dementia were evaluated in clinically examined incident MCI cases in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging. The definition of MCI was varied so as to include or relax combinations of diagnostic features from consensus criteria. Relative risks (RR) of each adverse outcome were highest in MCI case definitions that required subjective memory complaints (for example, RR of dementia=26.4-38.7). Although each MCI definition conferred an increased risk of dementia, for each case definition 20-30%of survivors had no cognitive impairment at follow up. In this population based study, MCI represented a transitional state, but was heterogeneous, with substantial proportions recovering, regardless of how MCI was defined. Factors associated with recovery and non-progression in MCI require elucidation.

关键词：病例定义记忆障碍相对风险诊断标准诊断特征常因本项过渡状态

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

胎儿血浆睾丸酮浓度与肾上腺皮质激素正相关

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 19-20页

作者： Gitau R. Adams d. fisk N.M. Glover V. 朱新菊 Wolfson/Weston Res. Ctr. Fam. Hlth. Inst. of Repro. and Devmtl. Biology Imperial College London Du Cane Road London W12 0NN United Kingdom Prof.

Background: Fetal exposure to testosterone has been implicated in programming childhood behaviour, but little is known about the determinants of fetal testos terone concentrations. Aims: To investigate the relation between fetal testoster one and maternal and fetal cortisol. Methods: Clinically indicated blood samples taken from 44 human fetuses (mean gestational age 27 weeks, range 15- 38), tog ether with paired maternal samples, were analysed for testosterone and cortisol concentrations. Results: Male fetuses had significantly higher concentrations of testosterone than females. Female but not male fetal concentrations rose signif icantly with gestational age. Fetal testosterone correlated positively with both fetal cortisol and maternal testosterone concentrations. Multiple regression sh owed that maternal testosterone and fetal cortisol were independently correlated with fetal plasma testosterone in both sexes. Conclusion: Unlike the norm in th e adult, where testosterone production is often inhibited by cortisol, in the fe tus there is a positive link between the two.

关键词：胎儿血睾丸酮男性胎儿多重回归分析平均胎龄临床指征行为发育

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

肺PET图像的定量分析:挑战和机遇

中华核医学与分子影像杂志 2019年第11期39卷 698-704页

作者：陈聪霞(译) 李文婵(译) 郭悦(译) 姚稚明(审校者) delphine L.Chen Joseph Cheriyan Edwin R.Chilvers Gourab Choudhury Christopher Coello Martin Connell Marie fisk Ashley M.Groves Roger N.Gunn Beverley F.Holman Brian F.Hutton Sarah Lee William MacNee divya Mohan david Parr deepak Subramanian Ruth Tai-Singer Kris Thielemans Edwin J.R.van Beek Laurence Vass Jeremy W.Wellen ian Wilkinson Frederick J.Wilson 北京医院核医学科、国家老年医学中心 100730 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMissouri department of Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust CambridgeUnited Kingdom Queen's Medical Research Institute University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom Imanova Ltd. London y United Kingdom Institute of Nuclear Medicine University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom department of Medicine Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Medical Image Analysis Consultant LondonUnited Kingdom Clinical discovery Respiratory Therapy Area UnitGlaxoSmithKline R&DKing of PrussiaPennsylvania University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire CoventryUnited Kingdom derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust DerbyUnited Kingdom Worldwide Research and development PfizerInc.CambridgeMassachusetts Experimental Medicine Imaging GlaxoSmithKlineStevenageUnited Kingdom

数百万人受呼吸系统疾病的影响,导致巨大的全球性健康困扰。由于目前对导致呼吸系统疾病发展和进展的潜在机制认识不足,治疗选择仍然有限。为克服此局限和理解相关分子变化,将无创影像技术如PET和SPECT用于探索生物标志物,其中18F-脱氧... 详细信息

数百万人受呼吸系统疾病的影响,导致巨大的全球性健康困扰。由于目前对导致呼吸系统疾病发展和进展的潜在机制认识不足,治疗选择仍然有限。为克服此局限和理解相关分子变化,将无创影像技术如PET和SPECT用于探索生物标志物,其中18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FdG)PET显像的研究最多。由于肺内组织、气体、血液和水的构成比变异,定量分析肺的分子影像数据仍具挑战性。这些成分的比例随着肺部疾病的不同而不同,因此有不同的定量分析方法来显示这种变化,但迄今为止还没有开发出对数据标准化的方法。该文回顾了肺部疾病中18F-FdG PET定量分析方法的数据,聚焦于解释肺内成分变化的方法,解读衍生参数。分析的疾病包括急性呼吸窘迫综合征、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺间质性疾病如特发性肺纤维化。基于对既往文献、进行中的研究以及作者间讨论的回顾,作者提出了建议性的注意事项,以协助解读从这些方法及未来研究设计中衍生的参数。

关键词：肺肺部炎症分子成像正电子发射计算机断层显像