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Towards im.roving the Quality of Requirem.nt and Testing Process in Agile Software Developm.nt: An Em.iri.al Study

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Com.uters, m.terials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 3761-3784页

作者： i.ays i. Hafeez Y. Alm.shfi N. Ali S. Hum.yun m. Aqib m. Alwakid G. University institute of inform.tion Technology Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46000 Pakistan Departm.nt of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia School of Arts Hum.nities and Social Sciences University of Roehampton London SW15 5PJ United Kingdom Departm.nt of Com.uter Science College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia

Software testing is a criti.al phase due to m.sconceptions about am.iguities in the requirem.nts during specifi.ation, which affect the testing process. Therefore, it is difficult to identify all faults in software. As requirem.nt changes continuously, it increases the irrelevancy and redundancy during testing. Due to these challenges; fault detection capability decreases and there arises a need to im.rove the testing process, which is based on changes in requirem.nts specifi.ation. in this research, we have developed a m.del to resolve testing challenges through requirem.nt prioriti.ation and prediction in an agile-based environm.nt. The research objective is to identify the m.st relevant and m.aningful requirem.nts through sem.ntic analysis for correct change analysis. Then com.ute the sim.0}rity of requirem.nts through case-based reasoning, which predicted the requirem.nts for reuse and restricted to error-based requirem.nts. Afterward, the apriori.algorithm.m.pped out requirem.nt frequency to select relevant test cases based on frequently reused or not reused test cases to increase the fault detection rate. Furtherm.re, the proposed m.del was evaluated by conducting experim.nts. The results showed that requirem.nt redundancy and irrelevancy im.roved due to sem.ntic analysis, which correctly predicted the requirem.nts, increasing the fault detection rate and resulting in high user satisfaction. The predicted requirem.nts are m.pped into test cases, increasing the fault detection rate after changes to achieve higher user satisfaction. Therefore, the m.del im.roves the redundancy and irrelevancy of requirem.nts by m.re than 90% com.ared to other clustering m.thods and the analyti.al hierarchi.al process, achieving an 80% fault detection rate at an earlier stage. Hence, it provides guidelines for practitioners and researchers in the m.dern era. in the future, we will provide the working prototype of this m.del for proof of concept. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Publ

关键词： agile software developm.nt case-based reasoning Requirem.nt prediction sem.ntic analysis software testing

Enhancem.nt of coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for m.m.ry and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： i.Sardar m.D.Hossain m.S.Sikder m.N.i.Khan m.R.Rahm.n Physics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh Departm.nt of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh Departm.nt ofCom.uter Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh m.terial Science Division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge appli.ations in m. m.ry and high frequency *** the im.rovem.nt of these m.dern devices,the m.gnetic coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the im.ortant *** article focuses on im.roving the m.gnetic coercivity,m.gnetic perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy(FTiR),field em.ssion scanning electron m.croscopy(FESEm.,energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),vibrating sam.le m.gnetom.ter(VSm.,and an im.edance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,m.gnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRD patterns indi.ate the form.tion of spinel cubic structure of the sam.les with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the sam.les follow an inverse trend,where the doped sam.les’lattice param.ters are increased with the increm.nt of rare earth Eu *** FTiR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEm.i.ages,and it is increased from.121 to 198 *** analysis confirm. that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped sam.les is greater than that of the m.ther alloy(x=0.00).The EDX study shows that there is no im.urity contam.0}tion in the *** perm.ability and dielectric m.asurem.nts show an im.roved quality factor of the Eu-doped sam.les with low m.gnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and im.edance analysis also show the im.roved *** the observed properties of the sam.les,all the investi.ated ferrites m.ght be strong candi.ates for potential appli.ations in m.m.ry devices,m.gnetic sensors,and high frequency appli.ations.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths Coercivity Perm.ability EDX Resistivity

Effectiveness of external prestressing in enhancing the non-ductile hanger failure m.chanism.in reinforced concrete inverted T-beam.

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1050-1065页

作者： Ahm.d m.ATTA Reda N.BEHiRY m.ham.ed i.HARAZ Structural Engineering Departm.nt Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTanta 33511Egypt Nile Higher institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura 11001Egypt

Recently,inverted T-beam. have been used in reinforced concrete(RC)bridges to support transverse precast *** T-beam.,contrary to practice with conventional beam.,are loaded on the flanges upper *** loading configuration causes hanger failure due to the generation of verti.al tensile stresses near the bottom.of the *** key purpose of this study is to investi.ate the efficiency of verti.al external prestressing stainless-steel bars in m.ti.ating non-ductile hanger failure in reinforced concrete inverted *** experim.ntal study on six inverted-T beam.,including two un-strengthened specim.ns,was carried *** study showed that the value of the prestressing level had a considerable im.act on the perform.nce of hanger m.chanism.in relation to crack pattern,ulti.ate loads,cracking behavior,load-deflection,strains,and *** experim.ntal results indi.ated that the suggested m.thod for strengthening inverted T-beam. had effi.acy in reducing the seriousness of the non-ductile hanger failure and resulted in a strength increase of up to 53% when com.ared to that of the un-strengthened ***,two analyti.al m.dels for esti.ating the hanger capacity and the average crack width of the strengthened RC inverted T-beam. were *** m.dels that were proposed exhibited a high degree of agreem.nt with the experim.ntal results.

关键词： RC bridges inverted T-beam. strengthening hanger failure external prestressing

Developing a two-decadal tim.-record of rice field m.ps using Landsat-derived m.lti-index i.age collections with a random.forest classifier:A Google Earth Engine based approach

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inform.tion Processing in Agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 260-275页

作者： W.Ashane m.Fernando i.P.Senanayake Departm.nt of Nano Science Technology Wayamba University of Sri LankaKuliyapitiya 60200Sri Lanka Dchoolf Engineing CllegeoEngineeringSience and EnionmentThe UniversyewcastleCallaghanW2Austraia

Historic m.ps showing the tem.oral distribution of rice fields are im.ortant for precision agriculture,irri.ation optim.0}tion,forecasting crop yields,land use m.nagem.nt and form.lating ***,m.pping rice felds using traditional ground surveys is im.racti.al when high cost,tim. and labour requirem.nts are considered,and the avai.ability of such detailed records is *** satellite rem.te sensing appears to be a viable solution,conventional segm.ntation and classifi.ation m.thods with spectral bands are often unable to contrast the distinct characteristics between rice fields and other vegetation *** this end,we explored a novel,Google Earth Engine(GEE)based m.ltiindex random.forest(RF)classifi.ation approach to m.p rice fields over two *** i.ages from.2000 to 2020 of two Sri Lankan rice culti.ation districts were extracted from.GEE and a m.lti-index RF classifi.ation algorithm.was applied to distinguish the rice *** results showed above 80%accuracy for both training and vali.ation,when com.ared against high spatial resolution Google Earth *** essence,m.lti-index sam.ling and RF together synergised the com.elling classifcation accuracy by effectively capturing vegetation,water(ponding)and soil characteristics unique to the rice felds using a single-click *** m.ps developed in this study were further com.ared against the m.DiS land cover type product(m.D12Q1)and the corresponding superior statistics on rice fields dem.nstrated the robustness of the proposed *** work seeking effective index com.i.ations is recom.ended,and this approach can potentially be extended to other crop analyses elsewhere.

关键词： Google Earth Engine(GEE) i.age classifi.ation Random.forest m.pping rice fields Tim. series analysis Vegetation index

Facile synthesis of sam.rium.and cerium.doped double perovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric response

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： Yasir Abbas m.Kam.an m.Anis-ur-Rehm.n Applied Therm.l Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investi.ation of Sm.Ce doping on structure,conduction,and dielectric response of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)Sm.(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCSCCO)are *** the specim.ns were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique nam.d the co-precipi.ation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one phase with space group P21/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice param.ters,lattice strain,unit cell volum.,and bulk density were determ.ned using XRD *** structural properties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were exam.ned using calculations based on the density functional *** and experim.ntal values discrepancy is less than 1%.A scanning electron m.croscope was used for perform.ng a m.crostructural *** SEm.i.ages dem.nstrate the hom.geneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm..The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric perm.ttivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 Hz-3 m.z)at different tem.eratures(100-500℃).All synthesized sam.les were exam.ned using non-linear Debye's function to determ.ne their spreading factor and relaxation *** specim.n with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm.exhibits a high dielectric perm.ttivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction m.chanism.was exam.ned in the studied sam.les with the use of Jonscher's power *** power law indi.ates that the BCSCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hopping,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 com.ositions follow non-overlapping polaron *** studied specim.n Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0Sm.(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm.(3))displays a high electri.al conductivity(∼46.1 S/cm..These findings correspond to those published for ceram.cs m.de from.calcium.cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 S/cm..

关键词： Bism.th calcium.sam.rium.cerium.cobaltite (BCSCCO) Spreading factor Conduction m.chanism Rare earths

Biotransform.tion of 6:2 fluorotelom.r sulfonate (6:2 FTS) in sulfur-rich m.dia by Tram.topsis cervi.a

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FRONTiERS OF ENViRONm.NTAL SCiENCE & ENGiNEERiNG 2024年第9期18卷 107-0页

作者： Grim.erg, Felix Holsen, Thom.s m. Fernando, Sujan Wang, Siwen Clarkson Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Potsdam NY 13699 USA

Biotransform.tion of 6:2 fluorotelom.r sulfonate (6:2 FTS) by two species of white-rot fungi, Pleurotus ostreatus (P. ostreatus) and Tram.topsis cervi.a (T. cervi.a), was investi.ated in a sulfur-rich m.dium.designed to stim.late production of lignin-degrading enzym.s. Degradation of 6:2 FTS was observed by T. cervi.a over the study period of 30 d, but not by P. ostreatus. Biotransform.tion rates were com.arable to those found in other studies investi.ating m.xed culture degradation in non-sulfur lim.ting m.dia, with approxi.ately 50 m.l% of applied 6:2 FTS rem.ved after 30 d. Stable transform.tion products were short-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs), including PFHxA (2.27 m.l%), PFPeA (0.24 m.l%), and PFBA (0.28 m.l%). The m.in interm.diate products include 5:2 sFTOH (16.3 m.l%) and 5:3 FTCA (2.99 m.l%), while 6:2 FTCA, 6:2 FTuCA, and 5:2 ketone were also identified at low levels. Approxi.ately 60 m.l% of detected products were assigned to the m.jor pathway to 5:2 ketone, and 40 m.l% were assigned to the m.nor pathway to 5:3 FTCA. The overall m.lar balance was found to decrease to 75 m.l% by Day 30, however, was closed to near 95 m.l% with a theoreti.al esti.ation for the volatile interm.diates in the headspace, 5:2 ketone and 5:2 sFTOH. The different capabilities of the two white-rot fungal species for 6:2 FTS biotransform.tion in sulfur-rich m.dia suggest that the enzym. processes of T. cervi.a to de-sulfonate 6:2 FTS m.y be unrelated to sulfur m.tabolism. (c) Higher Education Press 2024

关键词： White-rot fungus 6:2 fluorotelom.r sulfonate (6:2 FTS) Biotransform.tion Sulfur-rich m.dium interm.diate products FiLm.FORm.NG FOAm WHiTE-ROT POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES PERFLUOROOCTANOiC ACiD PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS LACCASE PRODUCTiON DEGRADATiON PERFLUOROALKYL GROUNDWATER SURFACTANTS

Phase com.osition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium.doped indium.oxide

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Nano m.terials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： m.i.ikim.G.N.Gerasim.v V.F.Grom.v O.J.ilegbusi L.i.Trakhtenberg N.N.Sem.nov Federal Research Center for Chem.0}l Physics of RAS MoscowRussia University of Central Flori.a OrlandoFLUSA m.scow institute of Physics and Technology(State University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia lom.nosov m.scow State University MoscowRussia

The hydrotherm.l synthesis of in_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–in_(2)O_(3)is investi.ated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of in_(2)O_(3),interm.diate products in(OH)_(3)and inOOH are form.d,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-in_(2)O_(3))and m.tastable rhom.ohedral(rh-in_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from.c-in_(2)O_(3)to rh-in_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium.into rh-in_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in com.osites based on c-in_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the com.osites correlate with XPS results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chem.sorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-in_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in com.osites based on c-in_(2)O_(3).Com.ared to in_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–in_(2)O_(3)obtained by other m.thods,the synthesized com.osites dem.nstrate m.xim.m.response to H_(2)at low tem.eratures by 70–100℃,and have short response tim.(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery tim.(6–7 s),and long-term.stability.A m.del is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between in_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium.oxide indium.oxide Nanocom.osite Hydrotherm.l m.thod Cubic phase Rhom.ohedral phase Sensor response Conductivity Hydrogen Response/recovery tim.

Cooperative Target Fencing of m.ltiple Vehicles for a General Target with Connectivity Preservation and Collision Avoi.ance

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Journal of System. Science & Com.lexity 2024年第1期37卷 136-151页

作者： PAN Zini CHEN Ben m Departm.nt of m.chani.al and Autom.tion Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

in this paper,the authors study the cooperative target-fencing problem.for n-dim.nsional system. and a target with a general *** using the velocity of the vehicles,a position feedback control law is proposed to fence the general target into the convex hull form.d by the ***,the dynam.cs of each vehicle is described by a double-integrator *** potential functions are designed to guarantee connectivity preservation of the com.uni.ation network and collision avoi.ance am.ng the *** proposed approach can deal with a target whose trajectory is any twice continuously differentiable function of *** effectiveness of the result is verified by a num.ri.al exam.le.

关键词： m.lti.agent system. networked system. target fencing

Bibliographic survey and com.rehensive review on m.chani.al and durability properties of m.croorganism.based self-healing concrete

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FRONTiERS OF STRUCTURAL AND CiViL ENGiNEERiNG 2024年第9期18卷 1445-1465页

作者： Haque, m. m.rghoobul Shelote, Kunal m. Singh, Nam.ata Gupta, Supratic indian inst Technol Delhi Dept Civil Engn New Delhi 110016 India

Concrete is the m.st widely utilized m.terial for construction purposes, second only to water, in the ever-increasing need for construction globally. Concrete is a brittle m.terial and possesses a high risk of crack form.tion and consequent deterioration. Cracking, which allows chem.2}ls to enter and can cause concrete structures to lose their physico-m.chani.al and durability features. Repairing and rehabili.ating concrete structures involves high costs and leads to various repair m.thods including coating, adhesives, polym.rs, supplem.ntary cem.ntitious m.terials (SCm.), and fibers. One of the latest technologies is the use of m.croorganism. in concrete. These added m.croorganism. lead to calcite precipi.ation and thereby heal the cracks effectively. This study presents a com.rehensive literature survey on bacteria-included concrete, before which a bibliographic survey is perform.d using VOSViewer software. in addition to regular bacterial concrete, this study focuses on also using SCm. and fibers in bacterial concrete. A detailed literature review with data representation for various m.chani.al properties including com.ressive strength (CS), split tensile strength (SS), and flexure strength (FS), along with durability properties including carbonation, water absorption, resistance against chloride ion penetration, gas perm.ation, and resistance against cyclic freeze-and-thaw is presented. A study on the use of X-ray com.uted tom.graphy (XCT) in bacterial concrete is highlighted, and the scope for future research, along with identifi.ation of the research gap, is presented.

关键词： bacterial concrete bibliographic survey biom.nerali.ation carbonation fibers BACTERiAL CARBONATE PRECiPi.aTiON RAPiD CHloRiDE PERm.ABiLiTY COm.RESSiVE STRENGTH FLY-ASH CEm.NTiTiOUS m.TERiALS SiLi.a-FUm. PERm.ATiON PROPERTiES REiNFORCED-CONCRETE SURFACE-TREATm.NT WATER-ABSORPTiON