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Nematode Population Dynamics and Yield Loss

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Nematode Population Dynamics and Yield Loss

作者： i t riley

＜正＞ introduction Number of nematodes in the soil at planting has a large impact on production. Kowin g how nematode numbers change and how they affect crops is essential for planning a crop programme to minimise ne...

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Seed and Gall Nematodes - Anguina tritici

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Seed and Gall Nematodes - Anguina tritici

作者： i t riley

＜正＞ introduction Anguina spp. are seed and leaf gall nematodes that affect grasses. Anguina do not cause root disease however, the invasive stage is soilborne. Anguina tritici is a pest in the cereals.

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Key Features of Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Cereals

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Key Features of Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Cereals

作者： i.t.riley

＜正＞ Nematodes are multicellular animalsGeneral?Nematodes differ from other microorganisms that cause plant disease （viz. viruses, bacteria phytoplasmas and fungi） in that they are motile, microscopic animals.?Nematodes are cylindrical （vermiform）, bilaterally symmetrical, microscopic, invertebrates with no segmentation or appendages.?Nematodes have a body wall and cavity, with mouth, digestive tract and anus, muscles, nerves and reproductive tract. they don’t have specialised respiratory or circulatory systems.

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Root Lesion Nematodes - Biology and Control

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Root Lesion Nematodes - Biology and Control

作者： i.t.riley J.Nicol

＜正＞ introduction·Pratylenchus *** migratory endoparasites.·Wide host range-polyphagous.·Short generation time.·Damage stressed crops.·Management ***·Small（300-800 μm）,relatively robust,slightly offset lips and flatten head,short,thick stylet,median bulb with obvious bulb,oesophagus ventrally overlapping the intestine,single ovary,posterior vulva, tall *** to pointed.

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Structural design of light-emitting fibers and fabrics for wearable and smart devices

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2439-2455页

作者： Xiaoxiao Yu Linfeng Chen Junyan Zhang Wei Yan theo Hughes-riley Yanhua Cheng Meifang Zhu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Nottingham trent University Nottingham NG14GGUnited Kingdom

Flexible light-emitting fibers and fabrics serve to bridge human–machine interactions. the desire for practical applications and the commercialization of flexible light-emitting fibers has accelerated structural progress and improvements. this review focuses on the structural design of light-emitting fibers and fabrics, starting with a summary of design principles, emission mechanisms, and structural evolution of coaxial structured light-emitting fibers. Subsequently, we explore recent advances in the helical structure design strategies that boost the mechanical sensitivity of light-emitting fibers. Following that, we analyze continuous preparation processes and the development of large-area intelligent light-emitting fabrics based on interwoven structures. Examples based on stiff and rigid inorganic-based lightemitting diodes integrated into flexible systems are also presented. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future opportunities for light-emitting applications in the field of wearable and smart devices.

关键词： Light-emitting fiber Structure design Wearable electronic Flexible optoelectronic fiber Large-scale fabric Electronic textile

Cost burden following esophagectomy:A single centre observational study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2255-2269页

作者： Vered Buchholz Dong Kyu Lee David S Liu Ahmad Aly Stephen A Barnett riley Hazard Peter Le Benjamin Kioussis Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Laurence Weinberg Department of Surgery Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan HospitalSeoul 14566GoyangSouth Korea Department of Surgery Austin HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesia Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesia Austin HospitalHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Critical Care The University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Cost analyses of patients undergoing esophagectomy is valuable for identifying modifiable expenditure drivers to target and curtail costs while improving the quality of *** aimed to define the cost-complication relationship after esophagectomy and delineate the incremental contributions to *** to assess the relationship between the hospital costs and potential cost drivers post esophagectomy and investigate the relationship between the cost-driving variables(predicting variables)and hospital costs(dependent variable).MEtHODS in this retrospective single center study,the severity of complications was graded using the Clavien-Dindo(CD)classification *** esophagectomy complications were categorized and defined according to consensus *** costing data included the in-hospital costs of the index admission and any unplanned admission within 30 postoperative *** used correlation analysis to assess the relationship between key clinical variables and hospital costs(in United States dollars)to identify cost drivers.A mediation model was used to investigate the relationship between these variables and hospital *** A total of 110 patients underwent primary esophageal *** median admission cost was $47822.7(interquartile range:35670.2-68214.0).the total effects on costs were $13593.9(95%Ci:10187.1-17000.8,Pincrease in CD severity grade,$4781(95%Ci:3772.7-5789.3,Pincrease in the number of complications,and $42552.2(95%Ci:8309-76795.4,P=0.015)if a key esophagectomy complication *** esophagectomy complications drove the costs directly by $11415.7(95%Ci:992.5-21838.9,P=0.032).CONCLUSiON the severity and number of complications,and the development of key esophagectomy complications significantly contributed to total hospital *** institutional initiatives and strategies are needed to enhance patient outcomes and minimize costs.

关键词： Anesthesia Esophagectomy Complications Cancer Surgery

Further Studies of the Cap Pushing Response in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

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Natural Science 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： riley J. Wincheski Kiri Li N. Stauch Laura M. Grossner Maya B. Zepeda James W. Grice Charles i. Abramson Department of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Laboratory of Comparative Psychology and Behavioral Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences California State University Fresno USA

the Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). the series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our laboratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey bee performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. the first experiment examined if bees could differentiate between the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. the second experiment explored cap weight preference by presenting bees with a choice between the two caps. the third and fourth experiments tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. Results revealed that bees were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not able to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. these experiments contribute to the debate on whether bees have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the behaviorist interpretation.

关键词： Apis mellifera Cap Pushing Response Cognition Learning

A CASE FOR ASSESSiNG ALLOCASUARiNA AND CASUARiNA *** USE iN AGROECOSYStEM iMPROVEMENt iN SEMi-ARiD AREAS WitH A FOCUS ON CENtRAL ANAtOLiA,tURKEY

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第4期8卷 568-582页

作者： ian t.riley Department of Plant Production and technologies Faculty of Agricultural Science and TechnologiesNi?de Omer Halisdemir UniversityNigde 51240Turkey

Agroecosystems in water-limited contexts—Mediterranean,semi-arid and arid climatic zones—are too frequently degraded systems that will not provide the needed ecosystem services to ensure a future of sustainable agricultural *** processes that have created this situation continue and are being accelerated by anthropogenic climate *** arboreal vegetation in these areas through agroforestry is an important strategy to conserve and improve their *** trees and shrubs in the Casuarinaceae have a unique set of adaptations for heat and water stress,and/or infertile to hostile *** Anatolia,turkey is particularly at risk of increasing aridity and further ***,species of Allocasuarina and Casuarina have been evaluated for their potential use in agroecosystem improvement in semi-arid areas with a focus on Central *** on a semiquantitative environmental tolerance index and reported plant stature,eight species were identified as being of high(*** and ***)to moderate(***,***,***,***,*** and ***)priority for assessment,with none of these species having been adequately evaluated for agroforestry deployment in semi-arid agroecosystems in any context.

关键词： actinorhizal trees agroforestry climate change ecosystem restoration

temperature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert P.Hesselbach M.Schorner V.Bagnoud R.Belikov P.Drechsel B.Heuser O.SHumphries P.Katrik B.Lindqvist C.Qu R.Redmer D.riley G.Schaumann S.Schumacher A.tauschwitz D.Varentsov K.Weyrich X.Yu B.Zielbauer Zs.Major P.Neumayer D.Kraus institut fur Physik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany GSi Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany institut für Angewandte Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy *** this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power *** simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond *** experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton andion Research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure