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Contrasting neuropathology and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in developing and adult rats

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第4期29卷 509-516页

作者： Qiuju Yuan huanxing su Kin Chiu Wutian Wu Zhi-Xiu Lin Department of Anatomy The University of Hong Kong School of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macao State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Development and Growth Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Research Center of Reproduction Development and Growth Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan University

Conflicting findings exist regarding the link between functional recovery and the regrowth of spinal tracts across the lesion leading to the restoration of functional contacts. In the present study, we investigated whether functional locomotor recovery was attributable to anatomical regeneration at postnatal day 1 （PN1）, PN7, PN14 and in adult rats two months after transection injury at the tenth thoracic segment of the spinal cord. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores showed that transection led to a failure of hindlimb locomotor function in PN14 and adult rats. However, PN1 and PN7 rats showed a significant level of stepping function after complete spinal cord transection. Unexpectedly, unlike the transected PN14 and adult rats in which the spinal cord underwent limited secondary degeneration and showed a scar at the lesion site, the rats transected at PN1 and PN7 showed massive secondary degeneration both anterograde and retrograde, leaving a 〉5-mm gap between the two stumps. Furthermore, retrograde tracing with fluorogold （FG） also showed that FG did not cross the transection site in PN1 and PN7rats as in PN14 and adult rats, and re-transection of the cord caused no apparent loss in locomotor performance in the rats transected at PN1. Thus, these three lines of evidence strongly indicated that the functional recovery after transection in neonatal rats is independent of regrowth of spinal tracts across the lesion site. Our results support the notion that the recovery of locomotor function in developing rats may be due to intrinsic adaptations in the spinal circuitry below the lesion that control hindlimb locomotor activity rather than the regrowth of spinal tracts across the lesion. The difference in secondary degeneration between neonatal and adult rats remains to be explored.

关键词： neonatal spinal cord injury regeneration functional recovery rat

P75 and phosphorylated c-Jun are differentially regulated in spinal motoneurons following axotomy in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第26期7卷 2005-2011页

作者： Qiuju Yuan huanxing su Wutian Wu Zhi-Xiu Lin School of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Science the Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T Hong Kong Special AdministrativeRegion China Department ofAnatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University ofHong Kong Pokfulam Hong KongSpecial Administrative Region China Research Center of Reproduction Development and Growth Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Pokfulam HongKoncl Special Administrative Reqion China Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Health (BFAH) Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong Guangzhou China

The neurotrophin receptor （p75） activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） pathway. Activation of JNK and its substrate c-Jun can cause apoptosis. Here we evaluate the role of p75 in spinal motoneurons by comparing immunoreactivity for p75 and phosphorylated c-Jun （p-c-Jun）, the production of JNK activation in axotomized motoneurons in postnatal day （PN）I, PN7, PN14 and adult rats. Intensive p-c-Jun was induced in axotomized motoneurons in PN1 and PN7. In PN14, p-c-Jun expression was sharply reduced after the same injury. The decreased expression of p-c-Jun at this age coincided with a developmental switch of re-expression of p75 in axotomized cells. In adult animals, no p-c-Jun but intensive p75 was detected in axotomized motoneurons. These results indicate differential expression or turnover of phosphorylation of c-Jun and p75 in immature versus mature spinal motoneurons in response to axonal injury. The non-co-occurrence of p75 and p-c-Jun in injured motoneurons indicated that p75 may not activate JNK pathway, suggesting that the p75 may not be involved in cell death in axotomized motoneurons.

关键词： apoptosis transcription factor c-Jun N-terminal kinase nerve growth factor receptor motoneuron spinal cord axotomy neonatal adult axonal regeneration

Cellular and molecular mechanisms in vascular repair after traumatic brain injury:a narrative review

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Burns & Trauma 2023年第1期11卷 658-673页

作者： Zi-Ai Zhao Lingli Yan Jing Wen Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan Feng Yu Jiahong Lu Yong U.Liu huanxing su State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacao 999078China Department of Neurology General Hospital of Northern Theater Command83#Wen-Hua RoadShenyang 110840China Laboratory of Neuroimmunology in Health and Disease Institute Guangzhou First People’s Hospital School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterPanyu DistrictGuangzhou 511400China

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)disrupts normal brain function and is associated with high morbidity and fatality *** is characterized as mild,moderate or severe depending on its *** damage may be transient and limited to the dura matter,with only subtle changes in cerebral parenchyma,or life-threatening with obvious focal contusions,hematomas and *** vessels are often injured in *** in mild TBI,dysfunctional cerebral vascular repair may result in prolonged symptoms and poor *** distinct types of cells participate in vascular repair after TBI.A better understanding of the cellular response and function in vascular repair can facilitate the development of new therapeutic *** this review,we analyzed the mechanism of cerebrovascular impairment and the repercussions following various forms of *** then discussed the role of distinct cell types in the repair of meningeal and parenchyma vasculature following TBI,including endothelial cells,endothelial progenitor cells,pericytes,glial cells(astrocytes and microglia),neurons,myeloid cells(macrophages and monocytes)and meningeal lymphatic endothelial ***,possible treatment techniques targeting these unique cell types for vascular repair after TBI are discussed.

关键词： Traumatic brain injury Angiogenesis Vascular repair

Alcohol exposure impairs brain paravascular functions

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Alcohol exposure impairs brain paravascular functions

Antiba+cterial Activity of Two-Dimensional MoS2 Sheets

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Qiang Liu Xiaoli Yao Zhong Pei huanxing su State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Department of Neurology National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University

Alcoholism is a risk factor for the development of cognitive decline and dementia. Here we demonstrated that the paravascular function in the brain was impaired by ethanol in a dose-dependent manner. Acute moderate and heavy ethanol administration substantially retarded and reduced the entry of subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid（CSF） via the paravascular space into the cerebral parenchyma, thus impaired CSFinterstitial fluid（ISF） exchange and parenchymal amyloid β（Aβ） peptide clearance. The elevated release of β-endorphin and reduced cerebrovascular pulsatility after acute ethanol administration could account for the impairment of the paravascular function. Chronic ethanol consumption led to a global activation of astrocytes and a widespread loss of perivascular AQP4 polarization in the brain, which results in an irreversible impairment of the paravascular function and parenchymal Aβ clearance. Therefore, we propose that impaired paravascular functions and reduced parenchymal Aβ clearance found in both acute and chronic ethanol-treated animals may contribute to the development of cognitive decline and dementia in alcoholism.

关键词： Alcoholism AQP4 polarization Aβ clearance CSF-ISF exchange

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Antiba+cterial Activity of Two-Dimensional MoS2 Sheets

中国真空学会2014学术年会

作者： Tao Liang Xi Yang Jie Li Chunyan Ma Yingying Zhang Hongzheng Chen Nobutaka Hanagata huanxing su Mingsheng Xu State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Nanoscale Science and Technology National Institute for Materials Science State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau

Graphene,as a typical two-dimensional layered material,possesses extraordinary electronic and optical properties that render it for a wide range of potential applications including *** by the graphene research and development,graphene-like two-dimensional materials(2DMats)also show application potentials in biomedicine due to their unique ***,environmental and biological influences of these 2DMats remain to be *** we reported the antibacterial activity of two-dimensional(2D)chemically exfoliated M0S2(ce-MoS2)*** found that the antibacterial activity of ce-MoS sheets was much more potent than that of the raw MoS powders used for the synthesis of ce-MoS sheets possibly due to the 2D planar structure(high specific surface area)and higher conductivity of the *** investigated the antibacterial mechanisms of the ce-MoS2 sheets and proposed their antibacterial *** found that the ce-MoS2 sheets could produce reactive oxygen species(ROS),different from previous report on graphenebased ***,the oxidation capacity of the ce-MoS2 sheets toward glutathione oxidation showed a time and concentration dependent trend,which is fully consistent with the antibacterial behaviour of the ce-MoS *** results suggest that antimicrobial behaviors were attributable to both membrane and oxidation *** antibacterial pathways include MoS-bacteria contact induced membrane stress,superoxide anion(O2·)induced ROS production by the ce-MoS,and the ensuing superoxide anion-independent *** study thus indicates that the tailoring of dimension of nanomaterials and their electronic properties would manipulate antibacterial activity.

关键词： two-dimensional MOS2 sheets chemically exfoliate antibacterial activity biomedicine

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中小型钢铁企业ERP的选型与实施方略

四川冶金 2006年第1期28卷 39-42页

作者：苏焕兴上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院上海200030

钢铁企业是我国国民经济重要基础产业,这几年我国中小型钢铁企业得到蓬勃发展,同时钢铁企业信息化建设引起了国家和广大企业的高度重视。结合在中小型钢铁企业中实施ERP的经验,提出了中小型钢铁企业ERP软件的选型以及在实施过程中要注... 详细信息

钢铁企业是我国国民经济重要基础产业,这几年我国中小型钢铁企业得到蓬勃发展,同时钢铁企业信息化建设引起了国家和广大企业的高度重视。结合在中小型钢铁企业中实施ERP的经验,提出了中小型钢铁企业ERP软件的选型以及在实施过程中要注意的事项,使中小型钢铁企业更能适应多变的市场与自身的特点,实现信息化。

关键词：钢铁企业 ERP 选型实施

Natural alkaloid Harmine activates Ubiquitin-Proteasome System to promote alpha-synuclein degradation and prevent its neuronal toxicity

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Natural alkaloid Harmine activates Ubiquitin-Proteasome Syst...

Reprogramming somatic cells to cells with neuronal characteristics by defined medium both in vitro and in vivo

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Cuizan Cai Jieqiong Tan Mingyue Wu Shengfang Wang Hefeng Zhou Mingyuen Lee huanxing su Min Li Jia-Hong Lu State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics Xiangya Medical School Central South University School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University Mr. and Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research Hong Kong Baptist University

Parkinson’s disease（PD） is an age-dependent progressive movement disorder characterized by a profound and selective loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Accumulation of α-synuclein（α-syn） positive protein aggregates in the substantianigra is a pathological hallmark of PD, indicating that protein turnover defect is implicated in PD pathogenesis. The ubiquitin-proteasome system（UPS） is the primary degradation pathway for protein turnover in mammals, and impairment of UPS has been linked to the development of PD. In this study we have identified a natural UPS enhancer Harmine through a high throughput screening of α-syn lowering compounds. Functional analysis indicates that Harmine promotes the degradation of α-syn in a dose-and time-dependent manner. The autophagy inhibitor SAR405 and the lysosomal inhibitor CQ, as well as the Si RNA of ATG7 and ATG5, do not block the activity of Harmine in degrading α-syn. In contrast, proteasome inhibitor MG132 and bortezomib substantially blocks Harminepromoted degradation of α-syn. Furthermore, we observed that Harmine could dramatically promote the degradation of UPS substrate GFP-CL1, Ub-R-GFP, and UbG76 V-GFP and activate cellular proteasome activity. Mechanistically, Harmine enhances proteasome activity via activating PKA pathway to up-regulated the expression of proteasome subunit PSMD1. Finally, we find that harmine rescues cell death induced by constant over-expression of α-syn in neuronal cells, as evidenced by the alleviation of DNA breakage and LDH release. These results indicate that Harmine, as a new proteasome enhancer, may have potential as a therapeutic agent, in combating PD and other diseases associated with proteasome dysfunction.

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Cell Regeneration 2015年第1期4卷 123-131页

作者： Songwei He Yiping Guo Yixin Zhang Yuan Li Chengqian Feng Xiang Li Lilong Lin Lin Guo Haitao Wang Chunhua Liu Yi Zheng Chuanming Luo Qiang Liu Fuhui Wang Hao sun Lining Liang Lingyu Li huanxing su Jiekai Chen Duanqing Pei Hui Zheng CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences#190 Kaiyuan AvenueScience CityGuangzhou 510530China State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina Anhui University Hefei 230601China

Background:Currently,direct conversion from somatic cells to neurons requires virus-mediated delivery of at least one transcriptional factor or a combination of several small-molecule *** of transcriptional factors may affect genome stability,while small-molecule compounds may require more evaluations when applied in ***,a defined medium with only conventional growth factors or additives for cell culture is desirable for inducing neuronal ***:Here,we report that a defined medium(5C)consisting of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),N2 supplement,leukemia inhibitory factor,vitamin C(Vc),andβ-mercaptoethanol(βMe)induces the direct conversion of somatic cells to cells with neuronal *** of 5C medium converted mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEFs)into TuJ+neuronal-like cells,which were capable of survival after being transplanted into the mouse *** same 5C medium could convert primary rat astrocytes into neuronal-like cells with mature electrophysiology characteristics in vitro and facilitated the recovery of brain injury,possibly by inducing similar conversions,when infused into the mouse brain in ***,5C medium could also induce neuronal characteristics in several human cell ***:In summary,this 5C medium not only provides a means to derive cells with neuronal characteristics without viral transfection in vitro but might also be useful to produce neurons in vivo for neurodegenerative disease treatment.

关键词： Neurons Somatic cells Astrocytes Trans-differentiation Defined medium

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非正弦摆动对水翼水动力性能的影响

华中科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2016年第2期44卷 15-20页

作者：刘焕兴苏玉民庞永杰哈尔滨工程大学水下机器人技术重点实验室黑龙江哈尔滨150001

针对高斯特哈尔数(St)时水翼常规正弦摆动的性能不佳状况,基于CFD软件的RANS求解器和动态流体固体相互作用模块,数值研究了水翼多种非正弦的改进摆动对水翼性能的改善作用,及常规摆动性能降低的趋势和原因.计算结果表明:水翼常规摆动时,... 详细信息

针对高斯特哈尔数(St)时水翼常规正弦摆动的性能不佳状况,基于CFD软件的RANS求解器和动态流体固体相互作用模块,数值研究了水翼多种非正弦的改进摆动对水翼性能的改善作用,及常规摆动性能降低的趋势和原因.计算结果表明:水翼常规摆动时,随St增大,尾涡由反卡门涡街逐渐变为单排涡列,引起了水动力迅速下降;随着最大攻角增大,性能降低的St临界点上升.在常规摆动性能大幅降低的St范围内,改进摆动可以有效提升水翼的推力和效率;改进摆动对有效攻角的调整变化越扁平,最大攻角小于20°时推力增幅越大,大于20°时越小.

关键词：水动力水翼斯特哈尔数尾涡最大攻角