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Weakly Supervised Network with Scribble-Supervised and Edge-Mask for Road Extraction from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 549-562页

作者： Supeng Yu fen huang Chengcheng Fan College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of CAS Shanghai201210China Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites Shanghai201210China Key Laboratory of Satellite Digital Technology Shanghai201210China

Significant advancements have been achieved in road surface extraction based on high-resolution remote sensingimage processing. Most current methods rely on fully supervised learning, which necessitates enormous humaneffort to label the image. Within this field, other research endeavors utilize weakly supervised methods. Theseapproaches aim to reduce the expenses associated with annotation by leveraging sparsely annotated data, such asscribbles. This paper presents a novel technique called a weakly supervised network using scribble-supervised andedge-mask (WSSE-net). This network is a three-branch network architecture, whereby each branch is equippedwith a distinct decoder module dedicated to road extraction tasks. One of the branches is dedicated to generatingedge masks using edge detection algorithms and optimizing road edge details. The other two branches supervise themodel’s training by employing scribble labels and spreading scribble information throughout the image. To addressthe historical flaw that created pseudo-labels that are not updated with network training, we use mixup to blendprediction results dynamically and continually update new pseudo-labels to steer network training. Our solutiondemonstrates efficient operation by simultaneously considering both edge-mask aid and dynamic pseudo-labelsupport. The studies are conducted on three separate road datasets, which consist primarily of high-resolutionremote-sensing satellite photos and drone images. The experimental findings suggest that our methodologyperforms better than advanced scribble-supervised approaches and specific traditional fully supervised methods.

关键词： Semantic segmentation road extraction weakly supervised learning scribble supervision remote sensing image

Role of biochar in raising blue carbon stock capacity of salt marshes

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 19-22页

作者： Yuzhou huang xi xiAO Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies of the Ministry of Natural Resources of China Shanghai 201306China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan 316021China Ocean Academy Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-security of Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Salt marshes are an important blue carbon ecosystem, with surprisingly fast carbon accumulation rates that are 40 times higher than those of terrestrial forests. In recent decades, salt marshes have suffered great degradation and loss all over the world. The idea to enhance carbon stock in salt marshes(so-called blue carbon) using biochar (so-called black carbon) has recently been proposed. Although experiments and observations remain limited, significant enhancements in soil organic carbon and plant growth have been documented in most case studies. However, due to the limited number of observations and their relatively short time window ranging from months to less than one year, there still exists a knowledge gap regarding the process, mechanism, and effect of biochar in enhancing carbon stock in salt marshes. Future research is urgently needed in the following perspectives:1) exploring the relationship between carbon stock enhancement efficiency and biochar properties, 2) optimizing the physical and chemical properties of biochar to boost its efficiency, and 3)studying the in-situ responses of complex carbon pools to biochar addition, especially under tidal conditions and over a longer period of time.

关键词： soil stock char

Homological Transfer between Additive Categories and Higher Differential Additive Categories

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第5期40卷 1325-1344页

作者： xi TANG Zhao Yong huang School of Science Guilin University of Aerospace TechnologyGuilin 541004P.R.China Department of Mathematics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093P.R.China

Given an additive category C and an integer n≥*** higher differential additive category consists of objects X in C equipped with an endomorphism ϵ_(X)satisfying ϵ_(X)^(n).Let R be a,finite-dimensional basic algebra over an algebraically closed field and T the augmenting functor from the category of finitely generated left R-modules to that of finitely generated left R/(t^(n))-*** is proved that a finitely generated left R-module M isτ-rigid(respectively,(support)τ-tilting,almost completeτ-tilting)if and only if so is T(M)as a left R[t]/(t^(n))-***,R isτm-selfinjective if and only if so is R[t]/(t^(n)).

关键词： Higher differential objects Wakamatsu tilting subcategories G_(ω)-projective modules sup-portτ-tilting modules τ_(m)-selfinjective algebras precluster tilting subcategories

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Development and validation of a novel non-invasive test for diagnosing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 413-421页

作者： Zhe-Wen Qin Qian-Nan Ren Hong-xi Zhang Ya-Ru Liu Ke huang Wei Wu Guan-Ping Dong Yan Ni Jun-fen Fu Division of Endocrinology National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalDepartment of EndocrinologyNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310052China

With the exploding prevalence of obesity,many children are at risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver *** anthropometric and laboratory parameters,our study aimed to develop a model to quantitatively evaluate liver fat content(LFC)in children with *** A well-characterized cohort of 181 children between 5 and 16 years of age were recruited to the study in the Endocrinology Department as the derivation *** external validation cohort comprised 77 *** assessment of liver fat content was performed using proton magnetic resonance *** and laboratory metrics were measured in all subjects.B-ultrasound examination was carried out in the external validation *** Kruskal-Wallis test,Spearman bivariate correlation analyses,univariable linear regressions and multivariable linear regression were used to build the optimal predictive *** The model was based on indicators including alanine aminotransferase,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,triglycerides,waist circumference and Tanner *** adjusted R^(2)of the model was 0.589,which presented high sensitivity and specificity both in internal[sensitivity of 0.824,specificity of 0.900,area under curve(AUC)of 0.900 with a 95%confidence interval:0.783–1.000]and external validation(sensitivity of 0.918 and specificity of 0.821,AUC of 0.901 with a 95%confidence interval:0.818–0.984).Conclusions Our model based on five clinical indicators was simple,non-invasive,and inexpensive;it had high sensitivity and specificity in predicting LFC in ***,it may be useful for identifying children with obesity who are at risk for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

关键词： Biochemical markers Children Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric obesity

Integrating host biological and ecological variables to predict probability of haemosporidian infection in raptors

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 255-264页

作者： Kai Gao Xuemei Yang xi huang Wenhong Deng Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted ***,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand the risk of disease outbreaks during expanding environmental ***,we conducted a large survey based on microscopic examination and molecular analysis of haemosporidian parasite infection in raptors rescued at the Beijing Raptor Rescue *** these data with biological and ecological variables of the raptors,we determined predictors that affect the probability of haemosporidian infection using generalized linear mixed models and multimodel *** results showed that infection probability exhibited considerable variation across host species in raptors,and body mass,sex,and evolutionary history played relatively weaker roles in driving infection ***,activity pattern,age,geographic range size,migration distance,and nest type were important predictors of the probability of haemosporidian infection,and the role of each predictor differed in the three main haemosporidian genera(Plasmodium,Haemoproteus,and Leucocytozoon).This macro-ecological analysis will add to our understanding of host traits that influence the probability of avian haemosporidian infection and will help inform risk of emerging diseases.

关键词： Activity pattern Emerging infectious diseases Infection probability Interspecific variation Migratory exposure

Topological superconductors with spin-triplet pairings and Majorana Fermi arcs

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 453-458页

作者：黄石罗熙 College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

We construct a three-dimensional topological superconductor Bogoliubov–de Gennes(BdG)Hamiltonian with the normal state being a three-dimensional topological *** introducing inter-orbital spin-triplet pairings term△3,there are topological Majorana nodes in the bulk and they are connected by Majorana Fermi arcs on the surface,similar to the case of Weyl ***,by adding an inversion-breaking term to the normal state,momentum-independent pairing terms with different parities can coexist in the Bd G Hamiltonian,which creates more Majorana modes similar to Andreev bound states and a richer phase diagram.

关键词： topological surface states topological superconductors topological nodes Weyl points Majorana Fermi arcs

Responses of growth performance,antioxidant function,small intestinal morphology and mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein to dietary iron in yellow-feathered broilers

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1329-1337页

作者： Kaiwen Lei Hao Wu Jerry W Spears xi Lin xi Wang Xue Bai Yanling huang Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7621USA

This study aimed to investigate the dose-effect of iron on growth performance,antioxidant *** morphology,and mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein in 1-to21-d-old yellow-feathered broilers.A total of 7201-d-old yellow-feathered maleb roilers were allocated to 9 treatments with 8 replicate cages of 10 birds per *** dietary treatments were consisted of a basal diet(contained 79.6 mg Fe kg^(-1))supplemented with 0,20,40,60,80,160,320,640,and 1,280 mg Fe kg^(-1)in the form of FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)*** with the birds in the control group,birds supplemented with 20mg Fe kg^(-1)had higher average daily gain(ADG)(Pxidative stress,disrupted intestinal morphology,and reduced mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein.

关键词： iron yellow-feathered broiler antioxidant function intestinal morphology tight junction protein

Synthesis and reactivity of cobalt dinitrogen complex supported by nonsymmetrical pincer ligand

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 259-263页

作者： Yuanjin Chen xianghui Shi Dajiang huang Junnian Wei Zhenfeng xi Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryShanghai 200032China

A nonsymmetrical PNN pincer ligand[6-(^(t)Bu_(2)PNH)C_(5)H_(4)N-2-(3-Mes)C_(3)H_(2)N_(2)]and its corresponding cobalt-N_(2)complex were synthesized and *** the stoichiometric reaction of the PNN ligand lithium salt with CoCl_(2),the complex 3,(PNN)CoCl,was ***,reduction of 3 with NaBHEt3under a dinitrogen atmosphere yielded complex 5,(PNN)Co(Ⅰ)(η^(1)-N_(2)).Single-crystal X-ray analysis,IR spectrum,and DFT calculations revealed that the dinitrogen in 5 was only weakly reduced by the cobalt *** reactions of 5 with carbon monoxide and 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide gave carbonyl and isocyanide complexes 6 and 7 with the release of N_(2),***,these cobalt complexes,especially complex 5,demonstrated the capacity to convert dinitrogen to N(TMS)_(3)with moderate efficiency.

关键词： Dinitrogen fixation Dinitrogen transformation Nonsymmetrical pincer ligand Cobalt complex Catalytic silylamine formation

Deep-subwavelength single grooves prepared by femtosecond laser direct writing on Si

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 108-115页

作者：叶瑞熙黄敏 State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

It is well known that femtosecond laser pulses can easily spontaneously induce deep-subwavelength periodic surface structures on transparent dielectrics but not on non-transparent ***,in this study,we demonstrate that using high-numerical-aperture 800 nm femtosecond laser direct writing with controlled pulse energy and scanning speed in the near-damage-threshold regime,polarization-dependent deep-subwavelength single grooves with linewidths of~180 nm can be controllably prepared on ***,the single-groove linewidth increases slightly with increase in the pulse energy and decrease in the scanning speed,whereas the single-groove depth significantly increases from~300 nm to~600 nm with decrease in the scanning speed,or even to over 1μm with multi-processing,indicating the characteristics of transverse clamping and longitudinal growth of such deep-subwavelength single *** dispersive spectroscopy composition analysis of the near-groove region confirms that single-groove formation tends to be an ultrafast,non-thermal ablation process,and the oxidized deposits near the grooves are easy to clean ***,the results,showing both the strong dependence of groove orientation on laser polarization and the occurrence of double-groove structures due to the interference of pre-formed orthogonal grooves,indicate that the extraordinary field enhancement of strong polarization sensitivity in the deep-subwavelength groove plays an important role in single-groove growth with high stability and collimation.

关键词： femtosecond-laser direct writing of Si deep-subwavelength single grooves polarization dependence high numerical aperture ultrafast non-thermal ablation