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A prompt-based approach to adversarial example generation and robustness enhancement

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第4期18卷 85-96页

作者： Yuting YANG pei huang Juan CAO Jintao li Yun liN Feifei MA Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Institute of Computing TechnologyCASBeijing 100190China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Computer Science Stanford UniversityCA 94305USA School of Computing National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Laboratory of Parallel Software and Computational Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Recent years have seen the wide application of natural language processing(NLP)models in crucial areas such as finance,medical treatment,and news media,raising concerns about the model robustness and *** find that prompt paradigm can probe special robust defects of pre-trained language *** prompt texts are first constructed for inputs and a pre-trained language model can generate adversarial examples for victim models via *** results show that prompt paradigm can efficiently generate more diverse adversarial examples besides synonym ***,we propose a novel robust training approach based on prompt paradigm which incorporates prompt texts as the alternatives to adversarial examples and enhances robustness under a lightweight minimax-style optimization *** on three real-world tasks and two deep neural models show that our approach can significantly improve the robustness of models to resist adversarial attacks.

关键词： robustness adversarial example prompt learning pre-trained language model

Synthesis of tetrahedrally coordinated CoO for higher alcohol synthesis directly from syngas

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 99-109页

作者： Zhuoshi li Han Yang Xiaofeng pei Jiahui li Jing Lv Shouying huang Yue Wang Xinbin Ma Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou 350207China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

Higher alcohol synthesis directly from syngas is highly desirable as one of the efficient non-petroleum energy conversion ***0–Co^(O)catalysts showed great potential for this reaction,but the alcohol selectivity still needs to be improved and the crystal structure effect of Co^(O)on catalytic behaviors lacks ***,a series of tetrahedrally coordinated Co^(O)polymorphs were prepared by a thermal decomposition method,which consisted of wurtzite CoO and zinc blende CoO with varied *** diluting with SiO_(2),the catalyst showed excellent performance for higher alcohol synthesis with ROH selectivity of 45.8%and higher alcohol distribution of 84.1 wt%under the CO conversion of 38.0%.With increasing the content of wurtzite CoO,the Co^(0)/Co^(2+)ratio gradually increased in the spent catalysts,while the proportion of highly active hexagonal close packed cobalt in Co^(0)decreased,leading to first decreased then increased CO ***,the higher content of zinc blende CoO in fresh catalyst facilitated the retention of more Co^(2+)sites in spent catalysts,promoting the ROH selectivity but slightly decreasing the distribution of higher *** catalyst with 40%wurtzite CoO obtained the optimal performance with a space time yield toward higher alcohols of 7.9 mmol·gcat^(-1)·h^(-1).

关键词： higher alcohol synthesis CO hydrogenation wurtzite CoO zinc blende CoO hexagonal-closest-packed Co

A rapid and visual detection method for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus by targeting S gene

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2149-2153页

作者： Xingqi liu Zengguo Cao Boyi li pei huang Yujie Bai Jingbo huang Zanheng huang Yuanyuan Zhang Yuanyuan li Haili Zhang Hualei Wang State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases/Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of ZoonosisCollege of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchun 130062China Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)is a zoonotic disease caused by the CCHF virus(CCHFV),which is primarily transmitted by ticks(Lorenzo Juanes et al.2023).It is an emerging disease that occurs sporadically in Africa,Asia,and Europe,with a high morbidity and mortality rate,as high as 30%in humans(Ceylan et al.2013).CCHFV,belonging to genus Nairovirus,family Bunyaviridae,was first identified in the Congo in the 1960s.

关键词： hemorrhagic fever

维普期刊数据库

Bacteria-responsive programmed self-activating antibacterial hydrogel to remodel regeneration microenvironment for infected wound healing

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 254-270页

作者： Yutong Yang Jiaxin Wang Shengfei huang Meng li Jueying Chen Dandan pei Zhen Tang Baolin Guo State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine ResearchCollege of Stomatology Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Orthopedics Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University

There is still an urgent need to develop hydrogels with intelligent antibacterial ability to achieve on-demand treatment of infected wounds and accelerate wound healing by improving the regeneration microenvironment. We proposed a strategy of hydrogel wound dressing with bacteria-responsive self-activating antibacterial property and multiple nanozyme activities to remodel the regeneration microenvironment in order to significantly promote infected wound healing. Specifically, p H-responsive H2O2self-supplying composite nanozyme（MSCO） and p H/enzyme-sensitive bacteria-responsive triblock micelles encapsulated with lactate oxidase（PPEL） were prepared and encapsulated in hydrogels composed of L-arginine-modified chitosan（CA） and phenylboronic acid-modified oxidized dextran（ODP） to form a cascade bacteria-responsive self-activating antibacterial composite hydrogel platform. The hydrogels respond to multifactorial changes of the bacterial metabolic microenvironment to achieve on-demand antibacterial and biofilm eradication through transformation of bacterial metabolites, and chemodynamic therapy enhanced by nanozyme activity in conjunction with self-driven nitric oxide（NO） release. The composite hydrogel showed 'self-diagnostic' treatment for changes in the wound *** self-activating antibacterial therapy in the infection stage to self-adaptive oxidative stress relief and angiogenesis in the post-infection stage, it promotes wound closure, accelerates wound collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and completely improves the microenvironment of infected wound regeneration, which provides a new method for the design of intelligent wound dressings.

关键词： bacterial response hydrogel dressing multiple nanozyme activity biofilm elimination infected motion wound healing

Cytotoxicity and DNA Damage Effect of TGA-capped CdTe Quantum Dots

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2012年第2期28卷 276-281页

作者： li Yan-bo ZHANG Hai-xia GUO Cai-xia HU Gui-qin DU Hai-ying JIN Ming-hua huang pei-li SUN Zhi-wei YANG Wen-sheng School of Public Health and Family Medicine Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069P.R.China Public Health Institute Beijing Chaoyang District Centre for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021P R.China School of Public Health Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021P.R.China Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry of Jilin Province College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012P.R.China

The cytotoxicity and DNA damage caused by thioglycolic acid（TGA）-capped cadmium telluride（CdTe） quantum dots（QDs） to hepatocyte line HL-7702 were *** viability was measured by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay;DNA damage was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis（SCGE）;the change of cell cycle progression was examined by propidium iodide（PI）-flow cytometry（FCM）;apoptosis was measured by acridine orange/ethidium bromide（AO/EB） assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI-FCM（FITC：fluorescein isothiocyanate）.The results show that the cytotoxicity induced by CdTe QDs was increased in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner;after exposure to QDs for 24 h,as the exposure dose increased,the rate of DNA damage was significantly increased（P0.05）,and the degree of DNA damage was *** the dose of CdTe QDs increased,the percentage of G 0 /G 1 phase cells was significantly decreased（P0.001）,while the percenttages of S and G 2 /M phases cells were significantly increased（P0.001）.In AO/EB assay,apoptotic cells could be observed under a fluorescence microscope,and apoptotic rate was increased as exposure dose *** Annexin V-FITC/PI-FCM assay,the apoptotic rates of CdTe QDs treated groups were significantly increased compared with that of control group（P0.05）.Our studies indicate that CdTe QDs could influence cell viability,and induce DNA damage,the S and G2 /M phases arrest and apoptosis of HL-7702.

关键词： Apoptosis CdTe quantum dot(QD) Cell cycle Cell viability DNA damage

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Chemical derivatization strategies for enhancing the HPLC analytical performance of natural active triterpenoids

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 295-307页

作者： Xiao-Feng huang Ying Xue li Yong Tian-Tian Wang pei Luo lin-Sen Qing Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Triterpenoids widely exist in nature,displaying a variety of pharmacological *** triterpenoids in different matrices,especially in biological samples holds great ***-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)has become the predominant method for triterpenoids analysis due to its exceptional analytical ***,due to the structural similarities among botanical samples,achieving effective separation of each triterpenoid proves challenging,necessitating significant improvements in analytical ***,triterpenoids are characterized by a lack of ultraviolet(UV)absorption groups and chromophores,along with low ionization efficiency in mass ***,routine HPLC analysis suffers from poor *** derivatization emerges as an indispensable technique in HPLC analysis to enhance its *** the structural characteristics of triterpenoids,various derivatization reagents such as acid chlorides,rhodamines,isocyanates,sulfonic esters,and amines have been employed for the derivatization analysis of *** review comprehensively summarized the research progress made in derivatization strategies for HPLC detection of ***,the limitations and challenges encountered in previous studies are discussed,and future research directions are proposed to develop more effective derivatization methods.

关键词： Triterpenoid HPLC Derivatization Quantification

Wideband chaos generation using a VCSEL with intensity modulation optical injection for random number generation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 457-458页

作者： Yu huang Shuangquan GU Yuhang FENG Yigong YANG Shuiying XIANG pei ZHOU Nianqiang li School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China Soochow University

Physical random numbers have been widely used in modern network society,such as the generation of cryptographic keys for classical and quantum cryptography systems[1].Among the many sources of physical entropy,chaotic semiconductor lasers have attracted wide attention due to their desired characteristics including larger bandwidth,low cost,and monolithic integration[2].

关键词： Optical signal processing

Perspective on powder technology for all-solid-state batteries:How to pair sulfide electrolyte with high-voltage cathode

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 55-66页

作者： Jiangkui Hu Shijie Yang Yingying pei Xilong Wang Yulong liao Shuai li Aolong Yue Jia-Qi huang Hong Yuan School of Materials Science&Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Sulfide solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted ever-increasing attention due to their superior roomtemperature ionic conductivity(~10^(-2) S cm^(-1)).Additionally,the integration of sulfide SEs and highvoltage cathodes is promising to achieve higher energy ***,the incompatible interfaces between sulfide SEs and high-voltage cathodes have been one of the key factors limiting their ***,this review presents a critical summarization of the interfacial issues in all-solid-state lithium batteries based on sulfide SEs and high-voltage cathodes and proposes strategies to stabilize the electrolyte/cathode ***,the future research direction of electrolyte/cathode interfaces and application prospects of powder technology in sulfide-based ASSLBs were also discussed.

关键词： Sulfide solid electrolytes High-voltage cathodes Electrode/electrolyte interfaces All-solid-state lithium batteries

Synergistic effect of homojunction and Ohmic junctions in CdS boosting spatial charge separation for U(VI)photoreduction

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6849-6859页

作者： Haonan pei Zhimin Dong Zifan li Jian huang Yuanping Jiang Zuojia li lin Xu Xiaohong Cao Yunhai liu Zhibin Zhang Guoping Yang State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

Photo-excited holes usually migrate to the surface of the catalyst and rapidly recombine with electrons,reducing the photocatalytic reduction efficiency of uranium(VI)(U(VI))in radioactive ***,we employed a straightforward synthesis technique to meticulously shape and manipulate the morphology of CdS to precisely construct CdS-Ni dandelion-like composites with different aspect ***,the introduction of crystal facet homojunction with Ohmic contacts in this unique morphology siqnificantly improves the photocatalytic ***-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy(TD-PL)verifies that the composite material positively effects on the dissociation of *** 30 min,CdS(002)/(102)/Ni-4 removed 98% of the uranium content in solution and showed a rather high apparent rate constant(0.114 min^(−1)),which was 4.8 times higher than that of CdS nanospheres(NSs)(0.024 min^(−1))and 3.7 times higher than that of CdS nanorods(NRs)(0.031 min^(−1)).This is much higher the most reported photocatalysts for U(VI)*** after 5 consecutive cycles,the photocatalytic efficiency only decreased by 7%.This offers a fresh perspective on constructing a new perspective for building a green,efficient,and multi mechanism collaborative catalytic system to remediate environmental pollution.

关键词： uranium dandelion-shaped axial size effect crystal facet homojunction ohmic contact