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Potassium Transporter KUP7 Is Involved in K^＋ Acquisition and Translocation in Arabidopsis Root under K^＋-Limited Conditions

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Molecular Plant 2016年第3期9卷 437-446页

作者： Min Han wei wu wei-hua wu Yi Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB) College of Biological Sciences National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing) China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Potassium （K^＋） is one of the essential macronutrients for plant growth and development. K^＋ uptake from environment and K^＋ translocation in plants are conducted by K^＋ channels and transporters. In this study, we demonstrated that KT/HAK/KUP transporter KUP7 plays crucial roles in K^＋ uptake and translocation in Arabidopsis root. The kup7 mutant exhibited a sensitive phenotype on Iow-K^＋ medium, whose leaves showed chlorosis symptoms compared with wild-type plants. Loss of function of KUP7 led to a reduction of K^＋ uptake rate and K^＋ content in xylem sap under W-deficient conditions. Thus, the K^＋ content in kup7 shoot was significantly reduced under Iow-K^＋ conditions. Localization analysis revealed that KUP7 was predominantly targeted to the plasma membrane. The complementation assay in yeast suggested that KUP7 could mediate K^＋ transport. In addition, phosphorylation on S80, S719, and S721 was important for KUP7 activity. KUP7 was ubiquitously expressed in many organs/tissues, and showed a higher expression level inArabidopsis root. Together, our data demonstrated that KUP7 is crucial for K^＋ uptake inArabidopsis root and might be also involved in K^＋ transport into xylem sap, affecting K^＋ translocation from root toward shoot, especially under K^＋-Iimited conditions.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana K^+ uptake K^+ translocation KUP7 K^+ deficiency

ON NECESSITY OF PLACING AN AERATOR IN THE BOTTOM DISCHARGE TUNNEL AT THE LONGTAN HYDROPOWER STATION

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2006年第6期18卷 698-701页

作者： wu Jian-hua wu wei-wei RUAN Shi-ping College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

The air entrainment for avoiding cavitation damage has been widely used in long free flow tunnels. It is crucial to determine whether an aerator is needed for shorter tunnels. In this article, the bottom discharge tunnel at the Longtan Hydropower Station was involved, for which the free flow tunnel section was only 50.00 m long. The cavitation in the tunnel with and without the aerator was investigated using the physical models of the scale 1/30, through the measurements of cavitation noise. The experimental results show that it is necessary to place the aerator at the inlet of the free flow section for higher reservoir level to protect this tunnel from cavitation damage.

关键词： aerator bottom discharge tunnel cavitation damage cavitation noise Longtan Hydropower Station

Downlink scheduling of multiuser MIMO systems with transmit beamforming

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2008年第2期15卷 45-49页

作者： SONG Xing-hua wu wei-ling Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

This article deals with downlink scheduling for multiuser multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） systems, where the base station communicates with multiple users simultaneously through transmit beamforming. Most of the existing transmission schemes for multiuser MIMO systems focus on optimizing sum rate performance of the system. The individual quality of service （QoS） requirements （such as packet delay and minimum transmission rate for the data traffic） are rarely considered. In this article, a novel scheduling strategy is proposed, where we try to optimize the global system performance under individual QoS constraints. By performing scheduling into two steps, namely successive user selection and power allocation, the scheduler can achieve efficient resource utilization while maintaining the QoS requirements of all users. Extensive simulations and analysis are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheduler.

关键词： power allocation scheduling spatial divisionmultiple access spatial orthogonality transmit beamforming

Potassium channel AKT1 is involved in the auxin-mediated root growth inhibition in Arabidopsis response to low K^+stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第12期59卷 895-909页

作者： Juan Li wei-hua wu Yi Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry(SKLPPB) College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The changes in external K^＋ concentration affect plant root growth. However, the molecular mechanism for perceiving a K^＋ signal to modulate root growth remains unknown. It is hypothesized that the K^＋ channel AKTI is involved in low K^＋ sensing in the Arabidopsis root and subsequent regulation of root growth. Along with the decline of external K^＋ concentration, the primary root growth of wild-type plants was gradually inhibited. However, the primary root of the akt1 mutant could still grow under low K^＋（LK） conditions. Application of NAA inhibited akt1 root growth, but promoted wild-type root growth under LK conditions. By using the ProDR5：GFP and ProPIN1：PIN1-GFP lines, we found that LK treatment reduced auxin accumulation in wild-type root tips by degrading PIN1 proteins, which did not occur in the akt1 mutant. The LK-induced PIN1 degradation may be due to the inhibition of vesicle trafficking of PIN1 proteins. In conclusion, our findings indicate that AKT1 is required for an Arabidopsis response to changes in external K^＋, and subsequent regulation of K^＋-dependent root growth by modulating PINt degradation and auxin redistribution in the root.

关键词： Potassium channel AKT1 is involved in the auxin-mediated root growth inhibition in Arabidopsis response to low K stress LK Figure

Potassium and phosphorus transport and signaling in plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第1期63卷 34-52页

作者： Yi Wang Yi-Fang Chen wei-hua wu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry(SKLPPB) College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Nitrogen(N), potassium(K), and phosphorus(P) are essential macronutrients for plant growth and development, and their availability affects crop yield. Compared with N, the relatively low availability of K and P in soils limits crop production and thus threatens food security and agricultural sustainability. Improvement of plant nutrient utilization efficiency provides a potential route to overcome the effects of K and P deficiencies. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying how plants sense, absorb, transport, and use K and P is an important prerequisite to improve crop nutrient utilization efficiency. In this review, we summarize current understanding of K and P transport and signaling in plants, mainly taking Arabidopsis thaliana and rice(Oryza sativa) as examples. We also discuss the mechanisms coordinating transport of N and K, as well as P and N.

关键词： phosphorus plant nutrition potassium transport signaling

Membrane Transporters for Nitrogen,Phosphate and Potassium Uptake in Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第7期50卷 835-848页

作者： Yi-Fang Chen Yi Wang wei-hua wu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University National Plant Gene Research Centre Beijing 100094 China

Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium are essential nutrients for plant growth and development. However, their contents in soils are limited so that crop production needs to invest a lot for fertilizer supply. To explore the genetic potentialities of crops （or plants） for their nutrient utilization efficiency has been an important research task for many years, in fact, a number of evidences have revealed that plants, during their evolution, have developed many morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular adaptation mechanisms for acquiring nitrate, phosphate and potassium under stress conditions. Recent discoveries of many transporters and channels for nitrate, phosphate and potassium uptake have opened up opportunities to study the molecular regulatory mechanisms for acquisition of these nutrients. This review aims to briefly discuss the genes and gene families for these transporters and channels, in addition, the functions and regulation of some important transporters and channels are particularly emphasized.

关键词： Arabidopsis channel nitrate potassium phosphate transporter.

Zm HAK5 and Zm HAK1 function in K^+ uptake and distribution in maize under low K^+ conditions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第6期61卷 691-705页

作者： Ya-Juan Qin wei-hua wu Yi Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB) College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Potassium (K^+) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Transporters from the KT/HAK/KUP family play crucial roles in K^+ homeostasis and cell growth in various plant species. However, their physiological roles in maize are still unknown. In this study, we cloned ZmHAKs and ZmHAKi and investigated their functions in maize (Zea mays L.). In situ hybridization showed that ZmHAKs was mainly expressed in roots, especially in the epidermis, cortex, and vascular bundle. ZmH AK5 was characterized as a high-affinity K^+ transporter. Loss of function of ZmHAK5 led to defective K^+ uptake in maize, under low K^+ conditions, whereas ZmHAK5-over-expressing plants showed increased K^+ uptake activity and improved growth. ZmHAKi was upregulated under low K^+ stress, as revealed by RT-qPCR. ZmHAKi mediated K^+ uptake when heterologously expressed in yeast, but its transport activity was weaker than that of ZmHAK5. Overexpression of ZmHAKi in maize significantly affected K^+ distribution in shoots, leading to chlorosis in older leaves. These findings indicate that ZmHAKs and ZmHAKi play distinct roles in K^+ homeostasis in maize, functioning in K^+ uptake and K^+ distribution, respectively. Genetic manipulation of ZmHAK5 may represent a feasible way to improve K^+ utilization efficiency in maize.

关键词： ZmHAK5 and ZmHAK1 function in K^+uptake and distribution in maize under low K^+conditions^FA ZmHAK5 and ZmHAK1 function in K^+uptake distribution

Phosphorylation at Ser28 stabilizes the Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT2.1 in response to nitrate limitation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第6期62卷 865-876页

作者： Xue Zou Meng-Yuan Liu wei-hua wu Yang Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Nitrate is one of the main inorganic nitrogen sources for *** absorption from soils is achieved through the combined activities of specific nitrate *** transporter 2.1(NRT2.1)is the major component of the root high-affinity nitrate transport system in Arabidopsis *** to date have mainly focused on transcriptional control of ***,we show that NRT2.1 protein stability is also regulated in response to nitrogen nutrition *** seedlings were transferred to nitrate-limited conditions,the apparent half-life of NRT2.1 in roots increased from 3 to 9 *** stabilization of NRT2.1 protein occurred rapidly,even prior to the transcriptional stimulation of ***,we revealed that phosphorylation at serine28(Ser28)of NRT2.1 is involved in regulating the stability of this *** of Ser28 by alanine resulted in unstable NRT2.1,and this loss-of-phosphorylation mutant(NRT2.1S28A)failed to complement the growth-restricted phenotype of the nrt2.1 mutant when a low concentration of nitrate was the sole nitrogen *** results demonstrate that phosphorylation at Ser28 is crucial for NRT2.1 protein stabilization and accumulation in response to nitrate limitation.

关键词： nitrate Arabidopsis stabilization

MIMO-OFDM detection based on Monte Carlo probabilistic data association

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2007年第3期14卷 5-9页

作者： YANG Bin GONG Ping LI Yong-hua wu wei-ling Information Theory and Technology Education and Research Center Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

This article proposes a spatial multiplexing and diversity joint transmit structure for multiple input multiple output（MIMO） - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） system. The structure uses space-frequency block coding （SFBC） over all its spatial multiplexing layers to obtain both space diversity and frequency diversity gain. The article derives a monte carlo probabilistic data association （PDA） detector to obtain a better bit error rate （BER） performance when compared to the generic PDA detector. Computer simulation results show that the proposed detector can reduce the inter-symbol interference（ISI） greatly, improve the system performance significantly, and lower the computation complexity to a proper lever.

关键词： MIMO OFDM Monte Carlo PDA