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Apoptosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第25期24卷 2661-2672页

作者： Tatsuo Kanda Shunichi Matsuoka Motomi Yamazaki Toshikatsu Shibata Kazushige Nirei Hiroshi Takahashi Tomohiro Kaneko Mariko Fujisawa Teruhisa Higuchi hitomi nakamura Naoki Matsumoto Hiroaki Yamagami Masahiro Ogawa Hiroo Imazu Kazumichi Kuroda Mitsuhiko Moriyama Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine

The number of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases(NAFLD) including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), has been increasing. NASH causes cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and is one of the most serious health problems in the world. The mechanism through which NASH progresses is still largely unknown. Activation of caspases, Bcl-2 family proteins, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-induced hepatocyte apoptosis plays a role in the activation of NAFLD/NASH. Apoptotic hepatocytes stimulate immune cells and hepatic stellate cells toward the progression of fibrosis in the liver through the production of inflammasomes and cytokines. Abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism as well as microbiota accelerate these processes. The production of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress is also involved. Cell death, including apoptosis, seems very important in the progression of NAFLD and NASH. Recently, inhibitors of apoptosis have been developed as drugs for the treatment of NASH and may prevent cirrhosis and HCC. Increased hepatocyte apoptosis may distinguish NASH from NAFLD, and the improvement of apoptosis could play a role in controlling the development of NASH. In this review, the association between apoptosis and NAFLD/NASH are discussed. This review could provide their knowledge, which plays a role in seeing the patients with NAFLD/NASH in daily clinical practice.

关键词： Apoptosis Autophagy c-Jun N-terminal kinase Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Histopathology of type C liver disease for determining hepatocellular carcinoma risk factors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第30期19卷 4887-4896页

作者： Hiroshi Matsumura Kazushige Nirei hitomi nakamura Teruhisa Higuchi Yasuo Arakawa Masahiro Ogawa Naohide Tanaka Mitsuhiko Moriyama Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNihon University School of MedicineTokyo173-8610Japan

AIM:To evaluate the histopathological findings of type C liver disease to determine risk factors for development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:We studied 232 patients,who underwent liver biopsy for type C chronic liver disease between 1992 and 2009,with sustained virological response(SVR)after interferon *** patients were divided into two groups according to the F stage 0+1+2 group(n = 182)and F3+4 group(n = 50).We prospectively observed and compared the incidence of HCC of the patients with SVR in the F0+1+2 and F3+4 ***,the background factors and liver histopathological findings,including the degree of fibrosis,F stage,inflammation,necrosis,bile duct obstruction,fat deposition,and degree of irregular regeneration(IR)of hepatocytes,were correlated with the risk of developing ***:HCC developed in three of 182(1.6%)patients in the F0+1+2 group,and four of 50(8.0%)in the F3+4 *** cumulative incidence of HCC in the former group was found to be significantly lower than in the F3+4 group(log rank test P = 0.0224).The presence of atypical hepatocytes among IR of hepatocytes in the F3+4 group resulted in a higher cumulative incidence of HCC,and was significantly correlated with risk of HCC development(RR = 20.748,95%CI:1.335-322.5,P = 0.0303).CONCLUSION:Atypical hepatocytes among the histopathological findings of type C liver disease may be an important risk factor for HCC development along with progression of liver fibrosis.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Irregular regeneration of hepatocytes Liver fibrosis Type C chronic liver disease Histopathology of liver biopsy

Low-Energy Spin Excitations in Detwinned FeSe

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第6期41卷 112-118页

作者：刘瑞鲜 Mitsutaka nakamura Kazuya Kamazawa 鲁兴业 Center for Advanced Quantum Studies School of Physics and AstronomyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China J-PARC Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency(JAEA)TokaiIbaraki 319-1195Japan Research Center for Neutron Science and Technology Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and SocietyTokaiIbaraki 319-1106Japan

Antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation is regarded as the leading driving force for electron pairing in high-Tc *** iron-based superconductors,spin excitations at low energy range,especially the spin-resonance mode at ER~5kBTc,are important for understanding the ***,we use inelastic neutron scattering(INS)to investigate the symmetry and in-plane wave-vector dependence of low-energy spin excitations in uniaxial-strain detwinned Fe *** low-energy spin excitations(E<10 meV)appear mainly at Q=(±1,0)in the superconducting state(T9K)and the nematic state(T90 K),confirming the constant C_(2) rotational symmetry and ruling out the C_(4) mode at E≈3 meV reported in a prior INS ***,our results reveal an isotropic spin resonance in the superconducting state,which is consistent with the s±wave pairing *** slightly higher energy,low-energy spin excitations become highly *** full width at half maximum of spin excitations is elongated along the transverse *** Q-space isotropic spin resonance and highly anisotropic low-energy spin excitations could arise from dyz intra-orbital selective Fermi surface nesting between the hole pocket aroundΓpoint and the electron pockets centered at MX point.

关键词： excitation symmetry slightly

Regenerative medicine strategies for chronic complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 818-824页

作者： Shogo Hashimoto Narihito Nagoshi Masaya nakamura Hideyuki Okano Department of Orthopedic Surgery Keio University School of Medicine Department of Physiology Keio University School of Medicine

Spinal cord injury is a condition in which the parenchyma of the spinal cord is damaged by trauma or various *** rapid progress has been made in regenerative medicine for spinal cord injury that was previously untreatable,most research in this field has focused on the early phase of incomplete ***,the majority of patients have chronic severe injuries;therefore,treatments for these situations are of fundamental *** reason why the treatment of complete spinal cord injury has not been studied is that,unlike in the early stage of incomplete spinal cord injury,there are various inhibitors of neural ***,we assumed that it is difficult to address all conditions with a single treatment in chronic complete spinal cord injury and that a combination of several treatments is essential to target severe ***,we established a combination therapy of cell transplantation and drug-releasing scaffolds,which contributes to functional recovery after chronic complete transection spinal cord injury,but we found that functional recovery was limited and still needs further ***,for the further development of the treatment of chronic complete spinal cord injury,we review the necessary approaches to the different pathologies based on our findings and the many studies that have been accumulated to date and discuss,with reference to the literature,which combination of treatments is most effective in achieving functional recovery.

关键词： cell transplantation chronic phase complete transection regenerative medicine spinal cord injury

应用经食道超声心动图评估局部肺血流的新方法

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麻醉与镇痛 2009年第3期5卷 41-45页

作者： Yuichi Yatsu Toshihito Tsubo Hironori Ishihara hitomi nakamura Kazuyoshi Hirota 吴洁(译) Department of Anesthesiology University of Hirosaki School of Medicine Hirosaki Aomori-ken Japan 不详

背景我们已经报道过在试验狗模型中应用经食道超声心动图探测不张肺局部血流的新方法。为证实此方法的有效性，我们就该方法对肺局部血流变化的探测能力进行了研究。方法14只麻醉后机械通气的杂种狗随机分为异丙肾上腺素组和多巴胺组，... 详细信息

背景我们已经报道过在试验狗模型中应用经食道超声心动图探测不张肺局部血流的新方法。为证实此方法的有效性，我们就该方法对肺局部血流变化的探测能力进行了研究。方法14只麻醉后机械通气的杂种狗随机分为异丙肾上腺素组和多巴胺组，每组7只。为造成肺不张损伤模型，将60ml／kg生理盐水输入左侧胸膜腔。由脉冲多普勒推导出速度时间积分（VTI）作为评价不张肺损伤血流的指标。为研究此方法对于肺血流变化的反应程度，在按0．05μg·kg^-1·min^-1输注异丙肾上腺素（作为肺血管扩张剂）和按10μg·kg^-1·min^-1输注多巴胺（作为肺血管收缩剂）时测量收缩期VTI和肺分流比（Qs／Qt）。结果应用异丙肾上腺素后VTI和Qs／Qt均显著增加，且VTI变化百分数和Qs／Qt存在显著的相关性（r^2=0．50，P〈0．001）．而VTI和Qs／Qt在应用多巴胺后均无改变。结论经食道超声心动图可有效用于肺不张局部肺血流变化的检测。

关键词：经食道超声心动图肺血流异丙肾上腺素评估血流变化肺血管扩张剂脉冲多普勒血管收缩剂

Improving recognition of hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor:Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第17期21卷 5432-5441页

作者： Toshiya Maebayashi Katsumi Abe Takuya Aizawa Masakuni Sakaguchi Naoya Ishibashi Osamu Abe Tadatoshi Takayama Hisashi Nakayama Shunichi Matsuoka Kazushige Nirei hitomi nakamura Masahiro Ogawa Masahiko Sugitani Department of Radiology Nihon University School of MedicineItabashi-kuTokyo 173-8610Japan Department of Digestive Surgery Nihon University School of MedicineItabashi-kuTokyo 173-8610Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nihon University School of MedicineItabashi-kuTokyo 173-8610Japan Department of Pathology Nihon University School of MedicineItabashi-kuTokyo 173-8610Japan

A 58-year-old man presented with the chief complaint of abdominal bloating and was incidentally found to have a liver *** diagnostic imaging studies could not rule out malignancy,the patient underwent partial resection of segment 3 of the *** lesion pathologically showed eosinophilic proliferation,in addition to immunohistochemical positivity for human melanoma black 45 and Melan-A,thereby leading to the diagnosis of a hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa).A PEComa arising from the liver is relatively ***,the name ‘PEComa' has not yet been widely recognized,and the same disease entity has been called epithelioid angiomyolipoma(EAML),further diminishing the recognition of *** addition,PEComa imaging findings mimic those of malignant liver tumors,and clinically,this tumor tends to ***,a PEComa is difficult to *** conducted a systematic review of PEComa and EAML cases and discuss the results,including findings useful for differentiating perivascular epithelioid cell tumors from malignant liver tumors.

关键词： Angiomyolipoma Tuberous sclerosis Melan-A Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor Humanmelanoma black 45 Imaging

Non-Kramers doublet ground state in a quaternary cubic compound PrRu_(2)In_(2)Zn_(18) investigated by ultrasonic measurements

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 405-411页

作者：张化远 Kazuhei Wakiya Mitsuteru nakamura Masahito Yoshizawa Yoshiki Nakanish Graduate School of Science and Engineering Iwate UniversityMorioka 020-8551Japan

We performed ultrasonic measurements on a quaternary cubic compound PrRu_(2)In_(2)Zn_(18) to explore the ground state properties derived from non-Kramers Γ_(3) doublet of Pr^(3+).PrRu_(2)In_(2)Zn_(18) is a quaternary derivative of the ternary compound PrRu_(2)Zn_(20) that exhibits a structural phase transition at T_S=138 *** PrRu_(2)In_(2)Zn_(18),the Zn atoms at the 16c site in PrRu_(2)Zn_(20) are selectively replaced by In atoms.A monotonic increase was observed in the temperature dependence of elastic constants C_L=(C_(11)+2C_(12)+4C_(44))/3 and C_(T)=(C_(11)-C_(12)+C_(44))/3 in the temperature range around T_(S) to which an elastic softening was observed in(C_(11)-C_(12))/2 for PrRu_(2)Zn_(20).The disappearance of the softening indicates that the structural transition in PrRu_(2)Zn_(20) is suppressed by the substitution of Zn ions by In ones with a larger ionic ***,the C_(T) of PrRu_(2)In_(2)Zn_(18) exhibits a precursor Curie-type elastic softening toward low temperatures being responsible for the non-Kramers Γ_(3) ground *** discuss the ground state and the evolution of the elastic properties of the different single-crystal samples of PrRu_(2)In_(2)Zn_(18) grown under different conditions.

关键词： ultrasonic measurements non-Kramers doublet structural phase transition crystalline electric field effect

Mission of the National Cancer Center Hospital in Japan to promote clinical trials for precision medicine

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 1-3页

作者： Kazuaki Shimada Kenichi nakamura Noboru Yamamoto Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Clinical Research Support Offce National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan

Precision medicine is a growing field *** its potential benefit to many patients,several major obstacles must be overcome before precision medicine can be more widely used in clinical *** main obstacles are associated... 详细信息

关键词： clinical Cancer overcome

Food intolerance and the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)diet in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1729-1738页

作者： Klaus W.Lange Andreas Reissmann Yukiko nakamura Katharina M.Lange Faculty of Human Sciences University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany Department of Psychology University of BathBath BA27AYUnited Kingdom

The hypothesis that some children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)may show sensitivity or allergic reactions to various food items has led to the development of the the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)*** rationale of the diet is to eliminate certain foods from the diet in order to exclude potential allergens contained either naturally in food or in artificial ingredients with allergenic *** oligoantigenic diet attempts to identify individual foods to which a person might be ***,ADHD symptoms are monitored while multiple foods are excluded from the ***,if symptoms remit,foods are re-introduced,while observing the individual for the return of *** advantage of the oligoantigenic diet is that it can be tailored to the individual.A growing body of evidence suggests that behavioral symptoms of subgroups of children with ADHD may benefit from the elimination of certain *** effect sizes of an oligoantigenic diet regarding improvement of ADHD symptoms have been found to be medium to *** evidence suggests that the investigation of the role of food hypersensitivities in ADHD is a promising avenue worthy of further *** large-scale,randomized controlled studies including assessment of long-term outcome are therefore warranted.

关键词： Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Food intolerance Few-foods diet Etiology Treatment