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Temporal trends in organophosphorus pesticides use and concentrations in river water in Japan, and risk assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 135-152页

作者： Aly Derbalah Russel Chidya Waqar Jadoon hiroshi Sakugawa Graduate School of Biosphere Science 1-7-1 Pesticides Chemistry and Toxicology Department Faculty of Agriculture Kafrelsheikh University Department of Water Resources Management and Development Faculty of Environmental Sciences Mzuzu University

We reviewed organophosphorus pesticide use in Japan between 1982 and 2016 using data from the National Institute of Environmental Studies. Organophosphorus pesticide concentrations in river water throughout Japan were taken from the literature, and risk assessments were performed for some organophosphorus pesticides based on risk quotients and hazard quotients. Assessments were performed for 20 common pesticides,including insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. The amounts used decreased in the order: insecticides > herbicides > fungicides. Organophosphorus insecticide and fungicide use have decreased over the last four decades, but organophosphorus herbicide use has increased. During this period, annual organophosphorus pesticide use was the highest for chlorpyrifos(105,263 tons/year) and the lowest for glyphosate-sodium(8 tons/year). The ecotoxicological risk assessment indicated that diazinon and fenitrothion posed strong risks to the Japanese aquatic environment, and chlorpyrifos and malathion have moderate risks. None of the pesticides that were assessed posed significant risks to *** use of organophosphorus pesticides in Japan may cause strong risks to aquatic environments. These risks should be reassessed periodically.

关键词： Organophosphorus Pesticide residue Risk quotient Hazard quotient Japan Water

＂New＂ Translations of Japanese Literature： Socio-cultural Impacts on the Japanese Mind

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2015年第12期5卷 640-649页

作者： Atsuko hayakawa Tsuda College Tokyo Japan

In terms of translation theory today, the essential discussions of ＂otherness＂, coupled with the agenda of bilateral approaches to its untranslatability, are much more intense than ever. The stereotypical images of Japan as something quite alien yet enchanting in Japanese literature, in The Tale of Genji for instance, are drastically different from those in modem novels, where the experience of conflicts with the West in the course of modernization could not be ignored. Shusaku Endo＇s Silence for example, paradoxically questions the translatability of Christianity in the historical context of the Japanese mind. By reading some translated texts of Japanese literature, we come to be aware of the essential factors of＂otherness＂ inherent in Japanese culture and language which, in some socio-cultural ways, has had an interesting effect on Japanese minds. With the growing interest in ＂world literature,＂＂otherness＂ and ＂untranslatability＂ illuminated in the translations of Japanese literature offer a new perspective with which we can re-think our sense of history of modernization on the one hand; and re-evaluate the uniqueness of Japanese language on the other. The remarkable influence of translators whose mother tongue is not Japanese, but who have an excellent command of the language, enables a new Japanese culture to emerge. This is evident in the works of Arthur Binard, an American poet and translator, who enthusiastically criticizes the Japanese policy of atomic energy in his translations of the Japanese poems after World War II, and in the very inspiring essays on Japanese by Roger Pulvers, an Australian writer and playwright who won prizes for his translations of Kenji Miyazawa. Along with such new trend of translations of Japanese literature, how it affects the Japanese mind will be discussed.

关键词： translation of Japanese literature Orientalism "otherness" modernization world literature translation studies

Behavior of Shock Waves Formed by Unsteady Supersonic Jet Injected into Cell

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第1期17卷 50-55页

作者： Minoru YAGA hiroshi FUKUOKA Yasushi IWATA Toshio TAKIYA Depts.Mech.Systems Eng. Univ.of the RyukyusSenbaru 1NishiharaOkinawa903-0213 Professor Graduate student Faculty of Eng.Univ.of the RyukyusSenbaru 1NishiharaOkinawa903-0213 Nanoelectronics Research Institute AIST Tsukuba Central 2Tsukuba 305-8568 Hitachi Zosen Corporation 2-11 Funamachi2 chomeTaishou-kuOsaka 551-0022

The unsteady behavior of flow driven by a jet suddenly injected into a cell is numerically studied by solving the axisymmelric two-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The system of the calculation is a model of the laser ablation of a certain duration followed by a discharging process through the exit hole at the down- stream end of the cell. In the calculations, the contour of the cell is changed while other parameters such as the Mach number of the jet, its duration, and the diameter of the cell exit are fixed. Monitoring the velocity at the exit hole is used to investigate the influence of the shape on the interaction between the shock wave and the jet. As the result, it was found that the velocity peak value and its arrival time at the downstream end of the cell exit are determined by the diameter of the cell.

关键词： Shock wave CFD supersonic flow unsteady jet velocity variation

ON NETWORK-BASED KERNEL METHODS FOR PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS WITH APPLICATIONS IN PROTEIN FUNCTIONS PREDICTION

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第5期23卷 917-930页

作者： Limin LI Waiki CHING Yatming CHAN hiroshi MAMITSUKA Department of Mathematics Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Advanced Modeling and Applied Computing Laboratory Department of Mathematics The University of Hong Kong Pokfularn Road Hong Kong China Bioinformatics Center Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan

Predicting protein functions is an important issue in the post-genomic era. This paper studies several network-based kernels including local linear embedding （LLE） kernel method, diffusion kernel and laplacian kernel to uncover the relationship between proteins functions and protein-protein interactions （PPI）. The author first construct kernels based on PPI networks, then apply support vector machine （SVM） techniques to classify proteins into different functional groups. The 5-fold cross validation is then applied to the selected 359 GO terms to compare the performance of different kernels and guilt-by-association methods including neighbor counting methods and Chi-square methods. Finally, the authors conduct predictions of functions of some unknown genes and verify the preciseness of our prediction in part by the information of other data source.

关键词： Diffusion kernel kernel method Laplacian kernel local linear embedding (LLE) kernel protein function prediction support vector machine.

Development of electric cart for improving walking ability — application of control theory to assistive technology

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 262-270页

作者： Jinhua SHE Yasuhiro OHYAMA Min WU hiroshi HASHIMOTO School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology School of Automation China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Master Program of Innovation for Design & Engineering Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology

This paper explains the development of an electric cart that helps the elderly maintain or improve their physical strength. Unlike commercially available ones, it has a pedal unit that provides some exercise for a user in training his lower limbs. An impedance model describes the feeling of pushing the pedals. The largest pedal load is determined based on a pedaling experiment. An H∞ controller is designed for each of the largest pedal load and virtually no load. A control law, which is based on the concept of dynamic parallel distributed compensation, is designed using the rating of perceived exertion of a driver as a criterion to choose a pedal load between the largest and almost zero. Five university students and twelve elderly people participated experiments to verify the system design and the validity of the system.

关键词： aging Borg’s scale dynamic parallel distributed compensation electrical cart H_∞ control Karvonen formula lower limbs pedaling rating of perceived exertion

Fallback in bipolar planetary nebulae?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第11期21卷 47-54页

作者： Willem A.Baan hiroshi Imai Gabor Orosz Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy ASTRON 79901 PD DwingelooNetherlands Center for General Education Institute for Comprehensive EducationKagoshima University1-21-30 KorimotoKagoshima 890-0065Japan Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Urumqi 830011China Amanogawa Galaxy Astronomy Research Center Graduate School of Science and EngineeringKagoshima University1-21-35 KorimotoKagoshima 890-0065Japan School of Natural Sciences University of TasmaniaPrivate Bag 37HobartTasmania 7001Australia

The subclass of bipolar Planetary Nebulae(PNe)exhibits well-defined low-power outflows and some shows shock-related equatorial spiderweb structures and hourglass structures surrounding these *** structures are distinctly different from the phenomena associated with spherical and elliptical PNe and suggest a non-standard way to simultaneously energise both kinds of *** paper presents evidence from the published literature on bipolar PN Hb 12 and other sources in support of an alternative scenario for energising these structures by means of accretion from material shells deposited during earlier post-AGB and pre-PNe evolutionary *** addition to energising the bipolar outflow,a sub-Eddington accretion scenario could hydrodynamically explain the spiderweb and outer hourglass structures as oblique shockwaves for guiding the accreting material into the equatorial region of the *** of the accretion rate resulting from fallback-related spherical accretion could indeed help to drive a low-power outflow and contribute to the total luminosity of these sources.

关键词： ISM:planetary nebulae:general ISM:planetary nebulae:individual Hb 12,Hen 2-104,MyCn 18 ISM:jets and outflows stars:evolution

A numerical study of summer ozone concentration over the Kanto area of Japan using the MM5/CMAQ model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 236-246页

作者： Mai Khiem Ryozo Ooka Hong Huang hiroshi Hayami Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 66-1 Kamaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan Center for Public Safety Research Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry 1646 Abiko Abiko-shi Chiba 270-1194 Japan

We assessed the ability of the MM5/CMAQ model to predict ozone （O3） air quality over the Kanto area and to investigate the factors that affect simulation of O3. We find that the coupled MM5/CMAQ model is a useful tool for the analysis of urban environmental problems. The simulation results were compared with observational data and were found to accurately replicate most of the important observed characteristics, The initial and boundary conditions were found to have a significant effect on simulated O3 concentrations. The results show that on hot and dry days with high O3 concentration, the CMAQ model provides a poor simulation of O3 maxima when using initial and boundary conditions derived from the CMAQ default data. The simulation of peak O3 concentrations is improved with the JCAP initial and boundary conditions. On mild days, the default CMAQ initial and boundary conditions provide a more realistic simulation. Meteorological conditions also have a strong impact on the simulated distribution and accumulation of O3 concentrations in this area. Low O3 concentrations are simulated during mild weather conditions, and high concentrations are predicted during hot and dry weather. By investigating the effects of different meteorological conditions on each model process, we find that advection and diffusion differ the most between the two meteorological regimes. Thus, differences in the winds that govern the transport of O3 and its precursors are likely the most important meteorological drivers of ozone concentration over the central Kanto area.

关键词： air quality modeling ozone initial/boundary conditions meteorological conditions

Computational Study on a Squid-Like Underwater Robot with Two Undulating Side Fins

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第1期8卷 25-32页

作者： Md. Mahbubar Rahman Yasuyuki Toda hiroshi Miki Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita City Osaka 565-0871 Japan

The undulating fin propulsion system is an instance of the bio-inspired propulsion systems. In the current study, the swimming motion of a squid-like robot with two undulating side fins, mimicking those of a Stingray or a Cuttlefish, was investigated through flow computation around the body. We used the finite analytic method for space discretization and Euler implicit scheme for time discretization along with the PISO algorithm for velocity pressure coupling. A body-fitted moving grid was generated using the Poisson equation at each time step. Based on the computed results, we discussed the features of the flow field and hydrodynamic forces acting on the body and fin. A simple relationship among the fin＇s principal dimensions was established. Numerical computation was done for various aspect ratios, fin angles and frequencies in order to validate the proposed relationship among principal dimensions. Subsequently, the relationship was examined base on the distribution of pressure difference between upper and lower surfaces and the distribution of the thrust force. In efficiency calculations, the undulating fins showed promising results. Finally, for the fin, the open characteristics from computed data showed satisfactory conformity with the experimental results.

关键词： biomimetics squid robot undulating fin propulsion efficiency hydrodynamics CFD

Temperature and Pressure Measurements at Cold Exit of Counter-flow Vortex Tube with Flow Visualization of Reversed Flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 2015年第1期24卷 67-72页

作者： Mohd Hazwan bin Yusof hiroshi Katanoda Hiromitsu Morita Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Hokkaido

In order to clarify the structure of the cold flow discharged from the counter-flow vortex tube(VT), the temperature and pressure of the cold flow were measured, and the existence and behavior of the reversed flow at the cold exit was studied using a simple flow visualization technique consisting of a 0.75mm-diameter needle, and an oil paint droplet. It is observed through this experiment that the Pitot pressure at the cold exit center can either be lower or higher than atmospheric pressure, depending on the inlet pressure and the cold fraction, and that a reversed flow is observed when the Pitot pressure at the cold exit center is lower than atmospheric pressure. In addition, it is observed that when reducing the cold fraction from unity at any arbitrary inlet pressure, the region of reversed and colder flow in the central part of cold exit extends in the downstream direction.

关键词： Vortex tube Reversed flow Flow visualization Pressure measurement Temperature measurement