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A new electric field mill array with each of the mill’s rotor controlled precisely by a GPS module:Equipment and initial results

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 423-435页

作者： Kozo Yamashita Hironobu Fujisaka DaoHong Wang Hiroyuki Iwasaki Kazuo Yamamoto Koichiro Michimoto Masashi hayakawa Department of Production Systems Engineering and Sciences Komatsu UniversityNu 1-3 Shicho-machiKomatsuIshikawa 923-8511Japan Fujisaka Technology Office 1058-5 Yoshizawa-choOhta-shiGunma 373-0019Japan Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringGifu University1-1 YanagidoGifu CityGifu 501-1193Japan Cooperative Faculty of Education Gunma University4-2-Aramaki-machiMaebashiGunma 371-8510Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chubu University1200 Matsumoto-choKasugaiAichi 487-8501Japan Independent Researcher Kosenba Town 2-44-11-406Kawagoe CitySaitama350-0036Japan Advanced Wireless&Communications Research Center The University of Electro-Communications1-5-1 ChofugaokaChofuTokyo 182-8585Japan

We have newly designed an electrostatic sensor,called an electric field mill(EFM),to simplify the estimation of the charge position and charge amount transferred by lightning *** is necessary for this remote estimation of the transferred charge to measure electric field changes caused by charge loss at the time of a lightning strike at multiple *** multiple-station measurement of electric field changes,not only speed but also phase for exposure and shielding of the sensing plates inside each EFM of the array should be synchronized to maintain the sensitivities of the deployed ***,there is no such EFM with specified speed and phase control performance of the rotary ***,we developed a new EFM in which the rotary mechanism was controlled consistently to within 3%error by a GPS *** EFMs had been distributed in the Hokuriku area of Japan during the winter season of 2022-2023 for a test *** we describe the design and a simple calibration method for our new EFM *** analysis method based on the assumption of a simple monopole charge structure is also *** validation,locations of assumed point charges were compared with three-dimensional lightning mapping data estimated by radio observations in the MF-HF *** results indicated the validity to estimate transferred charge amounts and positions of winter cloud-to-ground lightning discharges with our new EFM array.

关键词： lightning electrostatic field electric field mill electric field change

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Malnutrition Assessed Using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Is Associated with Preoperative Incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Japanese Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期14卷 355-365页

作者： Taizo Kaneko Kentaro hayakawa Tsuyoshi Miyazaki Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology Tokyo Japan

Purpose: Few studies have evaluated the association between malnutrition and the risk of preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing primary total joint arthroplasty. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of preoperative DVT in Japanese patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the importance of malnutrition in the risk of preoperative DVT. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 394 patients admitted for primary TKA at our institution between January 2019 and December 2023. All patients scheduled for TKA at our institution had serum D-dimer levels measured preoperatively. Lower-limb ultrasonography was examined to confirm the presence of DVT in patients with D-dimer levels ≥ 1.0 µg/mL or who were considered to be at high risk of DVT by the treating physician. Based on the results of lower-limb ultrasonography, all patients were divided into the non-DVT and DVT groups. The incidence of and risk factors for preoperative DVT were investigated, as well as the correlation of DVT with the patient’s nutritional parameters. We used two representative tools for nutritional assessment: the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Controlling Nutritional Status Score. Results: The mean age was 77.8 ± 6.9 years. Preoperative DVT was diagnosed in 57 of the 394 (14.5%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age and malnutrition status, assessed using the GNRI, were independent risk factors for preoperative DVT. Conclusion: A high incidence of preoperative DVT was observed in patients who underwent TKA. Malnutrition status, as assessed using the GNRI, increased the risk of preoperative DVT. Our findings suggest that clinicians should consider these factors when tailoring preventive strategies to mitigate DVT risk in patients undergoing TKA.

关键词： Malnutrition Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Controlling Nutritional Status Score Preoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis Total Knee Arthroplasty

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Variations of Atmospheric ELF/VLF Radio Noise Due to Seismogenic Modifications in Tropospheric Conductivity

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第2期13卷 113-132页

作者： Masashi hayakawa Alexander P. Nickolaenko hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd. (Hi-SEM) UEC Alliance Center #521 Tokyo Japan The University of Electro-Communications (UEC) Advanced Wireless & Communications Research Center (AWCC) Chofu-shi Tokyo O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine Kharkov Ukraine

We suggest a possible explanation of the influence of pre-seismic activity on the registration rate of natural ELF(extremely low frequency)/VLF(very low frequency) pulses and the changes of their characteristics. The main idea is as follows. The distribution of the electric field around a thundercloud depends on the conductivity profile of the atmosphere. Quasi-static electric fields of a thundercloud decrease in those tropospheric regions where an increase of air conductivity is generated by pre-seismic activities due to emanation of radioactive gas and water into the lower atmosphere. The electric field becomes reduced in the lower troposphere, and the probability decreases of the cloud-to-ground (CG) strokes in such “contaminated” areas. Simultaneously, the electric field grows inside and above the thunderclouds, and hence, we anticipate a growth in the number of horizontal and tilted inter-cloud (or intra-cloud) (both termed as IC discharges) strokes. Spatial orientation of lightning strokes reduces vertical projection of their individual amplitudes, while the rate (median number strokes per a unit time) of discharges grows. We demonstrate that channel tilt of strokes modifies the spectral content of ELF/VLF radio noise and changes the rate of detected pulses during the earthquake preparation phase.

关键词： ELF/VLF Radio Noise Earthquake Precursor Pre-Seismic Modification Conductivity Anomaly in the Lower Atmosphere Radioactive Radon Gases CG Lightning Discharges IC Discharges Cloud-to-Ionosphere Discharge

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Malnutrition and Its Association with the Mortality of Patients with Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Retrospective Analysis of Japanese Patients

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期14卷 22-31页

作者： Taizo Kaneko Kyoko Matsudaira Kentaro hayakawa Fumiaki Tokimura Tsuyoshi Miyazaki Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology Tokyo Japan

Background: The incidence of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in older adults is higher than that of femoral neck fractures;however, both conditions are often analyzed together as proximal femoral fractures. Considering the difference in treatment, postoperative complication, and mortality risk, these two fractures should be analyzed separately. This study aimed to analyze 1-year mortality and its risk factors in patients with surgically treated femoral intertrochanteric fractures. Methods: Consecutive patients with intertrochanteric fractures who underwent surgical interventions at our institution between January 2017 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 238 patients were eligible for inclusion in this study. Patients’ demographic and clinical information were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into the 1-year mortality (n = 16) and survival (n = 222) groups. The incidence of 1-year mortality and its independent risk factors were investigated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: The mean age of patients was 85.6 ± 8.5 years. The 1-year mortality rate was 6.7% (16/238). Preoperative albumin level, the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and malnutrition status (GNRI p = 0.02, p = 0.02, and p = 0.0011, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that malnutrition status (GNRI p = 0.035) was an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality. Conclusion: Malnutrition status assessed using GNRI (GNRI < 92) was an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality. Our findings suggest that GNRI may be an effective screening tool for predicting postoperative 1-year mortality of patients with surgically treated femoral intertrochanteric fractures.

关键词： Intertrochanteric Fracture Mortality Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Malnutrition Risk Factor

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Creep-fatigue interaction properties of nickel-based superalloy 617

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2011年第2期24卷 125-131页

作者： Kazuo KOBAYASHI Masao hayakawa Megumi KIMURA National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Materials Reliability Center

High-temperature fatigue properties were investigated for a nickel-based superalloy 617 as a typical candidate material for high-temperature components using an advanced ultra super critical （A-USC） power plant. Creep-fatigue data obtained by strain-controlled tests at 700 ？ C was analyzed for the superalloy 617 focused on position of hold at peak strain in comparison with continuously cycled tests. The fatigue life was the shortest with the hold tensile strain wave, which showed mainly intergranular fracture appearance. The life was the longest with symmetrical triangular wave which fractured from the specimen surface, while the wave with the hold compressive strain showed partially intergranular fracture appearance and the life was middle in the both waves. In this study, it is discussed with the creep-fatigue interaction for the superalloy 617.

关键词： A-USC power plant Nickel-based superalloy Creep-fatigue interaction Fractography

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Examining the properties and therapeutic potential of glial restricted precursors in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第4期11卷 529-533页

作者： Kazuo hayakawa Christopher Haas Itzhak Fischer Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy Drexel University College of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya City University

In the aftermath of spinal cord injury,glial restricted precursors（GRPs） and immature astrocytes offer the potential to modulate the inflammatory environment of the injured spinal cord and promote host axon *** clinical application of cellular therapy for the repair of spinal cord injury requires strict quality-assured protocols for large-scale production and preservation that necessitates long-term in vitro ***,such processes have the potential to alter the phenotypic and functional properties and thus therapeutic potential of these ***,clinical use of cellular therapies may be limited by the inflammatory microenvironment of the injured spinal cord,altering the phenotypic and functional properties of grafted *** report simulates the process of large-scale GRP production and demonstrates the permissive properties of GRP following long-term in vitro ***,we defined the phenotypic and functional properties of GRP in the presence of inflammatory factors,and call attention to the importance of the microenvironment of grafted cells,underscoring the importance of modulating the environment of the injured spinal cord.

关键词： glial restricted precursor spinal cord injury astrocytes axon regeneration inflammatory factors long-term culture

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On-chip 3D rotation of oocyte based on a vibration-induced local whirling flow

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 150-158页

作者： Takeshi hayakawa Shinya Sakuma Fumihito Arai Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering Nagoya UniversityNagoya-CityAichi-Pref.JAPAN

We propose a novel on-chip 3D cell rotation method based on a vibration-induced *** circular vibration is applied to a microchip with micropillar patterns,a highly localized whirling flow is induced around the *** direction and velocity of this flow can be controlled by changing the direction and amplitude of the applied ***,this flow can be induced on an open chip *** this study,we adopted a microchip with three micropillars arranged in a triangular configuration and an xyz piezoelectric actuator to apply the circular *** the centre of the micropillars,the interference of the vibration-induced flows originating from the individual micropillars induces rotational ***,a biological cell placed at this centre rotates under the influence of the *** three-plane circular vibrations in the xy,xz or yz plane,the cell can rotate in both the focal and vertical planes of the *** this 3D cell rotation method,we measured the rotational speeds of mouse oocytes in the focal and vertical planes as 63.7±4.0°s^(−1) and 3.5±2.1°s^(−1),***,we demonstrated the transportation and rotation of the mouse oocytes and re-positioned their nuclei into a position observable by microscope.

关键词： lab on a chip cell manipulation vibration-induced flow acoustic streaming

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Probing the lower ionospheric perturbations associated with earthquakes by means of subionospheric VLF/LF propagation

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Earthquake Science 2011年第6期24卷 609-637页

作者： Masashi hayakawa Advanced Wireless Communications Research Center and Research Station on Seismo Electromagnetics The University of Electro-Communications1-5-1 ChofugaokaChofu Tokyo 182-8585Japan Earthquake Analysis Laboratory Information Systems Inc.Kita-Aoyama 2-12-42-R305Minato-kuTokyo 107-0061Japan

There have been reports for many years that the ionosphere is very sensitive to seismic effects, and the detection of ionospheric perturbations associated with earthquakes （EQs） attracts a lot of attention as a very promising candidate for short-term EQ prediction. In this review we present a possible use of VLF/LF （very low frequency （3-30 kHz）/low frequency （30-300 kHz）） radio sounding of seismo-ionospheric perturbations. In order to avoid the overlapping with my own previous reviews, we first show some pioneering results for the Kobe EQ and we try to present the latest results including the statistical evidence on the correlation between the VLF/LF propagation anomalies （ionospheric perturbations） and EQs （especially with large magnitude and with shallow depth）, medium-distance （6-8 Mm） propagation anomalies, the fluctuation spectra of subionospheric VLF/LF data （the effect of atmospheric gravity waves, the effect of Earth＇s tides, etc.）, and the mechanism of lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling. Finally, we indicate the present situation of this kind of VLF/LF activities going on in different parts of the globe and we suggest the importance of international collaboration in this seismo-electromagnetic study.

关键词： Earth-ionosphere waveguide subionospheric VLF/LF propagation seismo-ionosphericperturbation earthquake lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling

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Small sphincterotomy combined with papillary dilation with large balloon permits retrieval of large stones without mechanical lithotripsy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第15期13卷 2179-2182页

作者： Atsushi Minami Shinji Hirose Tomohiro Nomoto Shoichiro hayakawa Internal Medicine Kawasaki Kyodo Hospital 2-1-5 Sakuramoto Kawasaki City 210-0833Japan

AIM： TO introduce a new method： small endoscopic sphincterotomy （ES） combined with endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation （SES ＋ EPLBD） to treat patients with large biliary stones.METHODS： Retrieval of large biliary stones was performed in 88 patients. Mean stone size was 14 ± 3 mm and mean number of stones was 2.5 ± 3.5. Firstly, ES with a small incision was performed. Next, endoscopic papillary dilation was performed with a large balloon to slowly match the size of the bile duct. Stones were then retrieved from the biliary duct with a balloon and a basket.RESULTS： Stone retrieval was successful in all cases except one cystic duct stone case without the need to crush large stones. Mean procedure time was 30 ± 5 min. Dilating the papillary orifice with a large balloon made it possible to remove large stones smoothly without crushing them. After dilation with the large balloon, there were some instances of oozing, but no perforations. One instance of post-procedural pancreatitis （1%） occurred. CONCLUSION： SES ＋ EPLBD was effective for the retrieval of large biliary stones without the use of mechanical lithotripsy.

关键词： Endoscopic sphincterotomy Endoscopic papillary dilation Bile duct stone

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Development of analytical methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in airborne particulates: A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第1期19卷 1-11页

作者： LIU Li-bin LIU Yan LIN Jin-ming TANG Ning hayakawa Kazuichi MAEDA Tsuneaki State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085. China Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi. Kanazawa 920-1192. Japan Innovation Center for Start-ups （INCS）. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. 2-2-2 Marunouchi ChiyodakuTokyo 100-0005 Japan

In the present work, the different sample collection, pretreatment and analytical methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in airborne particulates is systematacially reviewed, and the applications of these pretreatment and analytical methods for PAHs are compared in detail. Some comments on the future expectation are also presented.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) airborne particulates analytical methods review

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