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Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for modelling fuel sprays

Energy and AI 2023年第2期12卷 62-75页

作者： Cihan Ates Farhad Karwan Max Okraschevski Rainer Koch hans-j.rg bauer Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Thermal TurbomachineryGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Machine Intelligence in Energy SystemsGermany

In this study, the probabilistic, data driven nature of the generative adversarial neural networks (GANs)was utilized to conduct virtual spray simulations for conditions relevant to aero engine combustors. Themodel consists of two sub-modules: (i) an autoencoder converting the variable length droplet trajectories intofixed length, lower dimensional representations and (ii) a Wasserstein GAN that learns to mimic the latentrepresentations of the evaporating droplets along their lifetime. The GAN module was also conditioned withthe injection location and the diameters of the droplets to increase the generalizability of the whole *** training data was provided from highly resolved 3D, transient Eulerian–Lagrangian, large eddy simulationsconducted with OpenFOAM. Neural network models were created and trained within the open source machinelearning framework of PyTorch. Predictive capabilities of the proposed method was discussed with respect tospray statistics and evaporation dynamics. Results show that conditioned GAN models offer a great potentialas low order model approximations with high computational efficiency. Nonetheless, the capabilities of theautoencoder module to preserve local dependencies should be improved to realize this potential. For the currentcase study, the custom model architecture was capable of conducting the simulation in the order of secondsafter a day of training, which had taken one week on HPC with the conventional CFD approach for the samenumber of droplets (200,000 trajectories).

关键词： Generative Adversarial Networks Generative learning Fuel injection Aero engines Multivariate time series

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Sediment generation and soil mound denudation in areas of high-density tree throw along a river valley in the jura Mountains, Switzerland

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journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 377-391页

作者： Philip GREENWOOD jan bauer Nikolaus j KUHN Physical Geography&Environmental Change Research Group Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 27Basel-4056Switzerland

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(<10 km^(2))river valley located in the mountainous jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment... 详细信息

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment transport rates by tree throw on forested hillslopes,and to document surface hydrology characteristics on four fresh soil mounds associated with recent tree throws over a 24-day monitoring *** the soil mounds,average sediment recovery ranged from 7.7-28.2 g(dry weight),equivalent to a suspended sediment concentration of 145.2-327.8 g L^(-1),and runoff coefficients ranged from 1.0%-4.2%.Based on a soil bulk density value of 1,044 kg m^(-3),upslope runoff generation areas were denuded by an average 0.14 mm by the end of the 24-day monitoring period,representing an erosion rate equivalent to 2.1 mm yr^(-1).A ca.50 cm high soil mound could therefore feasibly persist for around 200-250 *** tree throw work,the dimensions of 215 individual tree throws were measured and their locations mapped in 12 separate locations along the river valley representing a cumulative area equivalent to 5.3 ha(***,43 per ha).Tree throws generated a total of 20.1 m^(3) of fine-sediment(jority of tree throws,but instead,could be associated with root *** the high density of tree throws and their relative maturity(average age 41 years),we hypothesise that once tr

关键词： Tree throw Hillslope processes Sediment generation mechanism Sediment transport rate Soil mound Ibach river valley

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Preliminary investigation on rodent–ectoparasite associations in the highlands of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia:implications for potential zoonoses

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第4期6卷 366-374页

作者： Meheretu YONAS Kiros WELEGERIMA Anne LAUDISOIT hans bauer Kindeya GEBREHIWOT Seppe DECKERS Abdul KATAKWEBA Rhodes MAKUNDI Herwig LEIRS Department of Biology Mekelle UniversityMekelleEthiopia Evolutionary Ecology Group University of AntwerpBelgium Institute of Integrative Biology University of LiverpoolBiosciencesLiverpoolUK Institutional University Cooperation Project Mekelle UniversityMekelleEthiopia Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection Mekelle UniversityMekelleEthiopia Division of Soil and Water Management K.U.LeuvenHeverleeBelgium Pest Management Center Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Department of Integrated Pest Management University of AarhusSlagelseDenmark

We studied associations between rodents and their arthropod ectoparasites in crop fields and household compounds in the highlands of Tigray,Northern *** infestation indices,such as percent infestation,mean abundance,prevalence and host preferences,were calculated for each *** total,172 rodents from crop fields and 97 from household compounds were *** species and numbers trapped from the crop fields and household compounds were Mastomys awashensis(Lavrenchenko,Likhnova&Baskevich,1998)(88 and 44),Arvicanthis dembeensis(Ruppel,1842)(63 and 37)and Acomys sp.(21 and 16),respectively.A total of 558 insects and acarids(belonging to 11 taxa)were recovered from the rodents trapped in the crop fields,and 296 insects and acarid(belonging to 6 taxa)from the rodents trapped in the household *** 66%of the rodents trapped from the crop fields and 47%of those trapped from the household compounds were infested with *** sp.(64.9%)and Xenopsylla sp.(20.6%)comprised the highest proportion of the ectoparasites recovered in the crop fields,and the same ectoparasites,but in reverse order,comprised the highest proportions in the household compounds(Xenopsylla[50.3%]and Laelaps sp.[29%]).Our study revealed that crop fields and household compounds in the highlands share similar rodents and several ***,at least 1 of the rodent species and some of the ectoparasites identified in this study were reported to have posed medical and veterinary threats in other parts of Ethiopia and neighboring countries.

关键词： ectoparasites Northern Ethiopia rodents zoonoses

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Progress in Research and Development of Molten Chloride Salt Technology for Next Generation Concentrated Solar Power Plants

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Engineering 2021年第3期7卷 334-347页

作者： Wenjin Ding Thomas bauer Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center(DLR) Suttgart 70569Germany Institute of Enginering Thermodynamics Cemman Aerospace Center(DL.R)Cologne 51147Germany

Concentrated solar power(CSP)plants with thermal energy storage(TES)system are emerging as one kind of the most promising power plants in the future renewable energy system,since they can supply dispatchable and low-cost electricity with abundant but intermittent solar *** order to significantly reduce the levelized cost of electricity(LCOE)of the present commercial CSP plants,the next generation CSP technology with higher process temperature and energy efficiency is being *** TES system in the next generation CSP plants works with new TES materials at higher temperatures(>565℃)compared to that with the commercial nitrate salt *** paper reviews recent progressin research and development of the next generation CSP and TES *** is given on theadvanced'TES technology based on molten chloride salt mixtures such as MgCl_(2)/NaCl/KCl which hassimilar thermo-physical properties as the commercial nitrate salt mixtures,higher thermal stability(>800℃),and lower costs(<0.35USD·kg^(-1)).Recent progress in the selection/optimization of chloridesalts,determination of molten chloride salt properties,and corrosion control of construction materials(eg.,alloys)in molten chlorides is reviewed.

关键词： Solar energy Concentrated solarpower(CSP) Thermal energystorage(TES) Heat transferfluid(HTF) Supercritical carbondioxide(sCO2)power cycle Corrosion control

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Neurological consequences of systemic inflammation in the premature neonate

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第6期12卷 890-896页

作者： Aparna Patra Hong Huang john A.bauer Peter j.Giannone OMNI Academic Service Line and Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics Kentucky Children's Hospital College of MedicineUniversity of Kentucky

Despite substantial progress in neonatal care over the past two decades leading to improved survival of extremely premature infants, extreme prematurity continues to be associated with long term neurodevelopmental impairments. Cerebral white matter injury is the predominant form of insult in preterm brain leading to adverse neurological consequences. Such brain injury pattern and unfavorable neurologic sequelae is commonly encountered in premature infants exposed to systemic inflammatory states such as clinical or culture proven sepsis with or without evidence of meningitis, prolonged mechanical ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis and chorioamnionitis. Underlying mechanisms may include cytokine mediated processes without direct entry of pathogens into the brain, developmental differences in immune response and complex neurovascular barrier system that play a critical role in regulating the cerebral response to various systemic inflammatory insults in premature infants. Understanding of these pathologic mechanisms and clinical correlates of such injury based on serum biomarkers or brain imaging findings on magnetic resonance imaging will pave way for future research and translational therapeutic opportunities for the developing brain.

关键词： premature consequences inflammation prematurity extremely translational dysplasia sepsis necrotizing neurological

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A combined method to model grain crushing with DEM

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第2期11卷 451-459页

作者： jia Lin Erich bauer WeiWu Institute of Geotechnical Engineering University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria Institute of Applied Mechanics Graz University of TechnologyGrazAustria

This paper presents a combined method to model grain crushing effects with discrete element *** method combines the two most commonly used concepts to model grain crushing in DEM,*** replacement method and the agglomerate method,so that it is both accurate and *** method can be easily *** performance is shown by several DEM simulations of biaxial *** with different crush-abilities are *** simulation results with and without grain crushing are compared and *** change of grain size distribution due to grain crushing is also investigated.

关键词： Grain crushing Discrete element method Granular material

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Single-pulse ultrafast real-time simultaneous planar imaging of femtosecond laser-nanoparticle dynamics in flames

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第10期13卷 2312-2320页

作者： Yogeshwar Nath Mishra Peng Wang Florian j.bauer Murthy S.Gudipati Lihong V.Wang Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory Andrew and Peggy Cheng Department of Medical EngineeringDepartment of Electrical EngineeringCalifornia Institute of Technology1200 East California BoulevardMail Code 138-78PasadenaCA 91125USA Science Division Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of Technology4800 Oak Grove DrivePasadenaCA 91109USA Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik(LTT)and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen 91058Germany

The creation of carbonaceous nanoparticles and their dynamics in hydrocarbon flames are still debated in environmental,combustion,and material *** this study,we introduce single-pulse femtosecond laser sheetcompressed ultrafast photography(fsLS-CUP),an ultrafast imaging technique specifically designed to shed light on and capture ultrafast dynamics stemming from interactions between femtosecond lasers and nanoparticles in flames in a ***-CUP enables the first-time real-time billion frames-per-second(Gfps)simultaneous twodimensional(2D)imaging of laser-induced fluorescence(LIF)and laser-induced heating(LIH)that are originated from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and soot particles,***,fsLS-CUP provides the real-time spatiotemporal map of femtosecond laser-soot interaction as elastic light scattering(ELS)at an astonishing 250 *** contrast to existing single-shot ultrafast imaging approaches,which are limited to millions of frames per second only and require multiple laser pulses,our method employs only a single pulse and captures the entire dynamics of laserinduced signals at hundreds of *** a single pulse does not change the optical properties of nanoparticles for a following pulse,thus allowing reliable spatiotemporal ***,we found that particle inception and growth are derived from *** essence,as an imaging modality,fsLS-CUP offers ultrafast 2D diagnostics,contributing to the fundamental understanding of nanoparticle’s inception and broader applications across different fields,such as material science and biomedical engineering.

关键词： pulse scattering dynamics

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Single-pulse real-time billion-frames-per-second planar imaging of ultrafast nanoparticle-laser dynamics and temperature in flames

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第3期12卷 379-390页

作者： Yogeshwar Nath Mishra Peng Wang Florian j.bauer Yide Zhang Dag hanstorp Stefan Will Lihong V.Wang Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical EngineeringDepartment of Electrical EngineeringCalifornia Institute of Technology1200 East California BoulevardMail Code 138-78PasadenaCA91125USA NASA-jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology4800 Oak Grove DrivePasadenaCA91109USA Department of Physics University of GothenburgSE 41296GothenburgSweden Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics(LTT)and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)91058ErlangenGermany

Unburnt hydrocarbon flames produce soot,which is the second biggest contributor to global warming and harmful to human *** state-of-the-art high-speed imaging techniques,developed to study non-repeatable turbulent flames,are limited to million-frames-per-second imaging rates,falling short in capturing the dynamics of critical ***,these techniques do not provide a complete picture of flame-laser interactions,important for understanding soot ***,thermal effects induced by multiple consecutive pulses modify the optical properties of soot nanoparticles,thus making single-pulse imaging ***,we report single-shot laser-sheet compressed ultrafast photography(LS-CUP)for billion-frames-per-second planar imaging of flame-laser *** observed laser-induced incandescence,elastic light scattering,and fluorescence of soot precursors-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in real-time using a single nanosecond laser *** spatiotemporal maps of the PAHs emission,soot temperature,primary nanoparticle size,soot aggregate size,and the number of monomers,present strong experimental evidence in support of the theory and modeling of soot inception and growth mechanism in ***-CUP represents a generic and indispensable tool that combines a portfolio of ultrafast combustion diagnostic techniques,covering the entire lifecycle of soot nanoparticles,for probing extremely short-lived(picoseconds to nanoseconds)species in the spatiotemporal domain in non-repeatable turbulent ***,LS-CUP’s unparalleled capability of ultrafast wide-field temperature imaging in real-time is envisioned to unravel mysteries in modern physics such as hot plasma, sonoluminescence, and nuclear fusion.

关键词： dynamics pulse turbulent

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Magnetic field sensors using arrays of electrospun magnetoelectric janus nanowires

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 24-35页

作者： Matthew j.bauer Xiao Wen Prabal Tiwari David P.Arnold jennifer S.Andrew Dept.of Materials Science and Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-6400USA Dept.of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-6200USA

The fabrication and characterization of the first magnetoelectric sensors utilizing arrays of janus magnetoelectric composite nanowires composed of barium titanate and cobalt ferrite are *** utilizing magnetoelectric nanowires suspended across electrodes above the substrate,substrate clamping is reduced when compared to layered thin-film architectures;this results in enhanced magnetoelectric *** magnetoelectric nanowires are fabricated by sol–gel electrospinning,and their length is controlled through the electrospinning and calcination *** a directed nanomanufacturing approach,the nanowires are then assembled onto pre-patterned metal electrodes on a silicon substrate using *** this process,functional magnetic field sensors are formed by connecting many nanowires in *** observed magnetic field sensitivity from the parallel array of nanowires is 0.514±.027mV Oe^(−1) at 1 kHz,which translates to a magnetoelectric coefficient of 514±27mV cm^(−1) Oe^(−1).

关键词： nanowires composite utilizing

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Flash X-ray cinematography analysis of dwell and penetration of smallcaliber projectiles with three types of SiC ceramics

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第3期12卷 277-283页

作者： Elmar STRASSBUrgER Steffen bauer Steffen WEBER Heiner GEDON Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institute(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400 KandernGermany DLR–German Aerospace Center Institute of Structures and DesignPfaffenwaldring 38-4070569 StuttgartGermany WIWeB–Bundeswehr Research Institute for Materials Fuels and LubricantsInstitutsweg 185435 ErdingGermany

In order to improve the performance of ceramic composite armor it is essential to know the mechanisms during each phase of the projectile–target interaction and their influence on the penetration *** the view on the crater zone and the tip of a projectile penetrating a ceramic is rapidly getting obscured by damaged material,a flash X-ray technique has to be applied in order to visualize projectile *** this purpose,usually several flash X-ray tubes are arranged around the target and the radiographs are recorded on *** EMI a flash X-ray imaging method has been developed,which provides up to eight flash radiographs in one experiment.A multi-anode 450 k V flash X-ray tube is utilized with this *** radiation transmitted through the target is then detected on a fluorescent *** fluorescent screen converts the radiograph into an image in the visible wavelength range,which is photographed by means of a high-speed *** technique has been applied to visualize and analyze the penetration of 7.62 mm AP projectiles into three different types of Si C *** commercial Si C grades and MICASIC(Metal Infiltrated Carbon derived Si C),a C-Si Si C ceramic developed by DLR,have been *** influences,not only of the ceramic but also the backing material,on dwell time and projectile erosion have been *** curves have been determined and their relevance to the ballistic resistance is discussed.

关键词： Ballistic resistance Dwell Flash X-ray cinematography SiC ceramics

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