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Heritability and Variability of Quality Parameters of Tomatoes in Outdoor Production

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 1099-1107页

作者： christian Zorb hans-Peter Piepho Sabine Zikeli Bernd Horneburg University of Hohenheim Institute of Crop Science70593 StuttgartGermany University of Kassel Section of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity27213 WitzenhausenGermany

The tomato is the most important vegetable *** England,outdoor tomatoes are widely grown by amateur gardeners,with the number of their allotment plots exceeding *** instance,in Germany,only about 16%of tomato plants are cultivated according to organic standards,although these rates are expected to *** for yield and fruit quality can increase resource ***,we need to evaluate the variability of yield and fruit quality parameters,to calculate the heritability of these traits and to identify superior genotypes for organic outdoor tomato production and *** these aims,we grew 24 tomato genotypes of diverse origins in a two-year field *** heritability of quality traits such as glucose,fructose,organic acid,and lycopene was *** medium heritability for yield suggests that trials with a larger number of locations are needed for the reliable selection of this *** correlations of sugar concentrations with fruit weight and of organic acid concentration with fruit weight and yield suggest trade-offs in breeding for larger fruits and higher *** for increased lycopene content is not subject to these challenges;the concentrations of the primary metabolite sugars and organic acids are positively correlated.

关键词： breeding sugar exceeding

Single and multiple stressor effect of road deicers and Cu on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) alevins from hatching till swim-up

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 368-378页

作者： Urma Mahrosh BjФrn Olav Rosseland Brit Salbu hans-christian Teien Nortuegian Uniuersity of Life Sciences Department of Environmental Sciences N-1432 As Norway National University of Sciences and Technology H-12 Islamabad Pakistan Norwegian University of Life Sciences Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management N-1432 As Norway

Road salts are frequently used for deicing of roads in the Nordic countries. During snow-melt, the road run-off containing high concentrations of road salt and various metals such as Cu remobilized from sand, silt and dust may negatively influence organisms in downstream receiving water bodies. The present work focuses on the impact of road salt（NaCl） and Cu, separately and in mixtures on Atlantic salmon alevins from hatching till swim-up. The results showed that high road salt concentrations could induce a series of negative effects in alevins such as reduced growth, deformities, delayed swim-up and mortality. For alevins exposed to all tested road salt concentrations（100–1000 mg/L）,mortality was significantly higher compared to control. In exposure to Cu solutions（5–20 μg Cu/L）, no effects on growth, morphology, swim-up or mortality of alevins compared to control were observed. In mixture solutions（road salt and Cu）, ultrafiltration of the exposure water demonstrated that only 20%–40% of Cu was present as positively charged low molecular mass（LMM） Cu species assumed to be bioavailable. When exposed to road salt and Cu mixtures, negative effects in alevins such as reduced growth, deformities,delayed swim-up and mortality were observed. The overall results indicated that the road salt application could seriously affect sensitive life stages of Atlantic salmon, and application of road salt should be avoided during the late winter–early spring period.

关键词： Road deicers Copper Atlantic salmon Alevins Biological effects

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Study on Blood Cell Immune Response in Water Buffaloes Infected Acutely with F. hepatica

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第2期1卷 221-226页

作者： Award daugschies J.Gonzalez-Gallego Institute of Parasitology Hannover School of Veterinary Medicine Bunteweg 17 D-30559 Hannover GermanyDepartment of Physiology Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Leon Leon 24071 Spain

Action mechanism of blood cell immune response in water buffaloes against acute infection with F. Hepatica was studied. The results showed that after water buffaloes were infected, the total levels of WBC surpassed control group during whole infection period; Eosinophiles (%) of DC were higher than control group at the 2nd week until 19th week, and then dropped and was close to control group; Neutrophiles(%) was low or significantly lower than control group within the 5 - 16th weeks; The total levels of lymphocytes (%) was lower than control group during the whole infection period; T-lymphocytes (%) dropped significantly, but B-lymphocytes(%) had opposite changes from the first week of infection, and they were close to the control group after 11 weeks; RBC-CR] and RBC-IC rosette rates dropped and rose during 2 - 16 and 2-18 weeks, respectively, and then approached the same between both groups. It was suggested that the violent changes of specific and nonspecific immune responses in water buffaloes with acute F. hepatica infection are related with the mechanism against infection with F. hepatica together.

关键词： Water buffalo Fasciola hepatica Infection Blood cell Immune response

Between Scylla and Charybdis:The role of the human immune system in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 7852-7866页

作者： Ulrich Spengler hans Dieter Nischalke Jacob Nattermann christian P Strassburg Department of Internal Medicine 1 University of Bonn 53105 Bonn Germany

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)frequently elicits only mild immune responses so that it can often establish chronic *** this case HCV antigens persist and continue to stimulate the immune *** persistence then leads to profound changes in the infected host’s immune responsiveness,and eventually contributes to the pathology of chronic *** topic highlight summarizes changes associated with chronic hepatitis C concerning innate immunity(interferons,natural killer cells),adaptive immune responses(immunoglobulins,T cells,and mechanisms of immune regulation(regulatory T cells).Our overview clarifies that a strong anti-HCV immune response is frequently associated with acute severe tissue *** chronic hepatitis C,however,the effector arms of the immune system either become refractory to activation or take over regulatory *** together these changes in immunity may lead to persistent liver damage and ***,effector arms of the immune system will not only be considered with respect to antiviral defence but also as pivotal mechanisms of inflammation,necrosis and progression to ***,avoiding Scylla-a strong,sustained antiviral immune response with inital tissue damage-takes the infected host to virus-triggered immunopathology,which ultimately leads to cirrhosis and liver cancerthe realm of Charybdis.

关键词： Natural killer cells CD4+ T helper cells Regulatory T cells Interferon Hepatitis C Hepatic stellate cells Hepatocytes Immunoglobulin Retinoic acid inducible gene-I Toll like receptors

Phosphorus accumulation and leaching risk of greenhouse vegetable soils in Southeast China

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Pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 683-693页

作者： Yusef KIANPOOR KALKHAJEH Biao HUANG Helle SORENSEN Peter EHOLM hans christian BhansEN Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention School of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036(China) Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 40Frederiksberg DK-1871 C(Denmark) Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research(SDC) Beijing 101408(China) Data Science Lab Department of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 5DK-2100 Copenhagen East(Denmark)

Over-fertilization has caused significant phosphorus(P)accumulation in Chinese greenhouse vegetable production(GVP)*** study,for the first time,quantified profile P accumulation directly from soil P measurements,as well as subsoil P immobilization,in three alkaline coarse-textured GVP soil profiles with 5(S5),15(S15),and 30(S30)years of cultivation in Tongshan,Southeast *** each profile,soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10(topsoil),10-20,20-40,40-60,60-80,and 80-100 *** accumulation was estimated from the difference in P contents between topsoil and parent material(60-100 cm subsoil).Phosphorus mobility was assessed from measurements of water-soluble P concentration(P_(Sol)).Finally,P sorption isotherms were produced using a batch sorption experiment and fitted using a modified Langmuir *** total P contents of 1980(S5),3190(S15),and 2330(S30)mg kg^(-1) were measured in the topsoils versus lower total P content of approximately 600 mg kg^(-1) in the 80-100 cm ***,topsoil PSol values were very high,varying from 6.4 to 17.0 mg L^(-1).The estimated annual P accumulations in the topsoils were 397(S5),212(S15),and 78(S30)kg ha^(-1) year^(-1).Sorption isotherms demonstrated the dominance of P desorption in highly P-saturated topsoils,whereas the amount of adsorbed P increased in the 80-100 cm subsoils with slightly larger P adsorption *** total P adsorption capacity of the 80-100 cm subsoils at a solution P concentration of0.5 mg L^(-1) was 15.7(S5),8.7(S15),and 6.5(S30)kg ha^(-1),demonstrating that subsoils were unable to secure P concentrations in leaching water below 0.5 mg L^(-1) because of their insufficient P-binding capacity.

关键词： greenhouse vegetable production Langmuir model P adsorption capacity P desorption P immobilization P mobility subsoil topsoil

基于卷积神经网络感知功能的极端场景生成方法

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 119-127页

作者： Kun GAO hans-christian REUSS 斯图加特汽车工程与车辆发动机研究所(FKFS) 德国斯图加特70569 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

近年来,基于卷积神经网络深度学习的感知算法在自动驾驶车辆环境感知系统中发挥着越来越重要的作用。由于在神经网络训练过程中,训练数据无法覆盖所有极端场景,因此如何保证基于深度学习的感知算法在极端场景下的安全性和可靠性,仍是一... 详细信息

近年来,基于卷积神经网络深度学习的感知算法在自动驾驶车辆环境感知系统中发挥着越来越重要的作用。由于在神经网络训练过程中,训练数据无法覆盖所有极端场景,因此如何保证基于深度学习的感知算法在极端场景下的安全性和可靠性,仍是一个亟待解决的问题。传统的基于真实行驶里程的验证方法,在获取极端场景数据上危险性高,经济性差,因此很难检验驾驶功能在极端场景下的性能。基于虚拟场景的仿真验证方法,虽然可以通过设置场景参数来生成大量测试场景,但是通过简单的参数组合并不能有效的生成极端场景。本文展示了一种在虚拟环境中生成极端场景的方法,用于训练和测试基于深度卷积神经网络的车道线识别算法。首先将场景特征用参数进行表示,然后使用deep Q-learning强化学习的方法,来生成极端场景的参数组合。通过与随机组合以及成对组合场景参数的方法进行对比,可以看出该基于强化学习的场景生成方法可以更有效地生成极端场景,因此可提高自动驾驶感知功能的测试效率,同时可为卷积神经网络提供更多的极端场景训练数据。

关键词：自动驾驶极端场景卷积神经网络强化学习

基于MPSoC平台的自动驾驶车辆故障运行控制

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 151-155页

作者： Dennis NIEDBALLA hans-christian REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

在德国联邦研发项目UNICARagil中,开发了一个ECU,作为UNICARagil新颖的大脑架构的一部分。应用所谓的脑干部件,通过面向服务的架构,对全自动驾驶车辆进行安全关键的实时控制。本文介绍了该设备的硬件架构和基本软件架构,并列举了一些安... 详细信息

在德国联邦研发项目UNICARagil中,开发了一个ECU,作为UNICARagil新颖的大脑架构的一部分。应用所谓的脑干部件,通过面向服务的架构,对全自动驾驶车辆进行安全关键的实时控制。本文介绍了该设备的硬件架构和基本软件架构,并列举了一些安全措施。重点是MPSoC和OS配置、ECU的更新过程和启动过程。回退实例系统可以保护它免受引导加载程序、内核或根文件系统以及开发过程中和应用现场中的严重错误的影响。最后,列举了设备在车辆环境中的功能。在众多的科学内容出版物和社交媒体上,笔者展示了以使用脑干为核心部件的车辆通过试验场的测试情况。

关键词： MPSoC 故障运行嵌入式实时系统 UNICARagil PetaLinux

基于ISO 26262安全要求的汽车电子电气架构优化模型

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 247-251页

作者： Dorsa ZAHERI hans⁃christian REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

在开发汽车电子电气(E/E)架构时,考虑安全要求是实现未来技术(如自动驾驶)的先决条件之一。按照ISO 26262标准,安全分析必须在产品开发生命周期的早期阶段进行,以检测设计缺陷并采取行动改善设计。本文提出了一种基于模型的方法,在汽车... 详细信息

在开发汽车电子电气(E/E)架构时,考虑安全要求是实现未来技术(如自动驾驶)的先决条件之一。按照ISO 26262标准,安全分析必须在产品开发生命周期的早期阶段进行,以检测设计缺陷并采取行动改善设计。本文提出了一种基于模型的方法,在汽车E/E架构的设计阶段解决符合ISO 26262的安全要求;同时,基于这些要求,提取了一组与安全相关的约束条件,并通过整数线性规划(ILP)模型将这些约束用于E/E架构的优化。

关键词：汽车电子电气电子电气架构优化模型安全要求 ISO 26262标准