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Evaluating Land Use/Land Cover Change and Its Socioeconomic Implications in Agarfa District of Bale Zone, Southeastern Ethiopia

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第3期10卷 369-388页

作者： Teha Turi Hussien Hayicho haji kedir Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Maddawalabu University Bale-Robe Ethiopia

A systematic analysis of land use/cover change is so decisive to exactly understand the extent of change and take essential measures to curb down the rate of changes and protect the land cover resources sustainably. This land use/land cover change study was conducted in Agarfa district of Bale zone, Oromia Regional State, Southeastern Ethiopia. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the trends, drivers and its socio-economic and environmental implication in study area. A descriptive research method was employed to achieve the intended objectives of the study. In the three years (1976, 1995, and 2014) Landsat Satellite images and socio-economic survey were the main data sources for this study. ERDAS Imagine and Arch-GIS tools were used to classify and generate land use/land cover maps of the study area. Survey questionnaires, key informant interviews, and field observation were employed to obtain information on drivers and its socio-economic and environmental implication in the district. The results show that the land use/land cover of the study area had changed dramatically during the period of 38 years. A rapid loss of forest land and shrub land cover in the landscape took place between 1976 and 2014. Conversely, agriculture and grazing lands were increased by 30% and 42% respectively at the expense of the lost land use/land cover types. Forest land is the most converted cover type during the entire study period. In the 38 years, forest lands diminished by over 65% of the original forest cover that was existed at the base year (1976). Local climate change, declining agricultural productivity and livestock quantity and quality and scarcity of fuel wood and constructional materials were some of the socio-economic and livelihood impacts of land use and land cover change of the study area. Thus, this finding affords information to land users and policy makers on extent of the change and social forces leading to this changes and its subsequent implication on loca

关键词： Land Use/Land Cover Change Evaluation Image Classification Impacts of Land Use Land Cover Change Agarfa District GIS and Remote Sensing

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Assessing the Effects of Land-Use and Land Cover Change and Topography on Soil Fertility in Melka Wakena Catchment of Sub-Upper Wabe-Shebelle Watershed, South Eastern Ethiopia

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第5期10卷 672-693页

作者： Hussein Hayicho Mersha Alemu haji kedir Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia

This study was conducted in Melka Wakena catchment;south eastern Ethiopia to assess land use/cover change (LULCC) and topographic elevation effect on selected soil quality/fertility parameters. 144 soil samples collected from 0 - 30 cm depth under three land cover types across three elevation gradients were analysed for selected soil quality/fertility parameters. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean comparisons were made using Least Significant Difference (LSD). The soil properties examined generally showed significant variations with respect to land-use/land cover changes and elevation. Soil particles, soil organic carbon, total N, pH, available phosphorus, potassium and calcium content significantly decreased as forestland is converted into cropland/grassland. Heaviest soil deterioration was recorded in soils under cropland and followed by grassland soils. The conversion of natural forest to different land uses without proper soil conservation and management practices resulted in the overall decline of soil fertility quality. Thus, integrated land resource management approach is indispensable for sustaining agricultural productivity and the environmental health of the Melka Waken a catchment.

关键词： Land Use/Cover Resource Management Soil Quality Spatial Variation Topographic Elevation Soil Quality Parameters

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Assessment of Land-Use and Land Cover Change Effect on Melka Wakena Hydropower Dam in Melka Wakena Catchment of Sub-Upper Wabe-Shebelle Watershed, South Eastern Ethiopia

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 819-840页

作者： Hussein Hayicho Mersha Alemu haji kedir Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia

Land degradation and sedimentation has been increasingly a crucial problem in upper Wabe-Shebele catchment, south eastern Ethiopia over the last two decades. Nevertheless, so far no detail research has been conducted to assess such problem. Therefore, the present study was conducted at Melka Wakena Catchment of Upper Wabe Shebelle Watershed to identify the trends of land use and land cover change and its effects on hydrology and land degradation. To achieve the objectives of the study different data sources such as satellite images, climate and rivers gage data;soil sample data were collected and analyzed using relevant corresponding up to dated software. Based on pre-defined criterion, available satellite images for the years 1986, 2011, and 2015 were analyzed using ERDAS, ENVI and ArcGIS softwares. The study catchment stream flow and soil erosion information were computed using SWAT model. MUSLE was employed to assess the amount of sediment yields and rate of soil loss existed in the study area. The study showed that significant land use and land cover changes were recorded during the past nearly three decades. This change has been directly affecting the hydrology and sedimentation of the catchment. The annual surface runoff varied between 45.65 mm and 332.29 mm. The amount of surface runoff was generally increased from 1990 to 2010, whereas decreased until 2013 before beginning the increasing trend. The result of the sediment yield analysis showed that there was a general increasing trend from 1992 to 2010 and then declined up to 2013 before it started the rising trend. From the simulated results, it was observed that the long-term mean soil loss was 20.22 t/ha. Sustainable integrated watershed management practices should be practically implemented throughout the landscape of the catchment from upper to down streams. Above all, dam buffer area needs to be demarcated and protected from the current settlement: cultivation and over grazing.

关键词： Land Use/Land Cover Soil Erosion Sedimentation Melka Wakena Ethiopia

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Living the Mechanical Dream

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ChinAfrica 2023年第6期15卷 56-57页

作者： kedir ABDUREZAK NURIYE the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Studying in China is a highly rewarding experience for foreign students As a child,I was captivated by machines and their inner workings.I yearned to design contraptions that could solve real-world problems and improve people’s *** when it came to selecting the major for university education,I knew that mechanical engineering was the right choice.

关键词： earned selecting education

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Classification and Detection of Amharic Language Fake News on Social Media Using Machine Learning Approach

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Electrical Science & Engineering 2022年第1期4卷 1-6页

作者： kedir Lemma Arega School of Technology and Informatics Department of Information TechnologyAmbo UniversityEthiopia

The pervasive idea of web-based media stages brought about a lot of sight and sound information in interpersonal *** transparency and unlimited way of sharing the data via online media stage encourages data spread across the organization paying little mind to its *** multiplication of misdirecting data in regular access news sources,for example,web-based media channels,news websites,and online papers has made it trying to recognize dependable news sources,in this way expanding the requirement for computational devices to give bits of knowledge into the unwavering quality of online *** broad spread of phony news contrarily affects people and *** these lines,counterfeit news identification via web-based media has as of late become arising research drawing in enormous *** the possible damage caused by the rapid spread of fake news in various fields such as politics and finance,the use of language analysis to automatically identify fake news has attracted the attention of the research community.A social networking service is a platform for people with similar interests,activities,or backgrounds to form social networks or social *** who register on this site with its own expression(often a profile)and social links are generally offered a social network service.

关键词： Amharic fake news detection Amharic posts and comments datasets Classification Machine learning Social media

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The Causes of Hiking Ethiopian Consumer Prices

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Macro Management & Public Policies 2023年第1期5卷 57-71页

作者： kedir Bekeru Genemo Economic Modeling and Statistical Analysis Directorate National Bank of Ethiopia and Part time Lecturer at Addis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa5550Ethiopia

A growing consumer price is creating instability in the macroeconomic environment and hinders the consumption level of especially the poor *** paper then explored the major causes of such increasing consumer prices using Ethiopian *** data from the National Bank of Ethiopia from 1982/1983 to 2019/2020,it condensed the information of monetary sector,external sector and fiscal sector variables to a small set to estimate the causes of Ethiopian consumer price hiking using the ARDL *** factors determining consumer price differ from food to *** most important factors determining food price are price expectation and fiscal *** the other hand,the main determinant of non-food consumer prices is the fiscal *** author also found evidence of fiscal factors and price expectation effects on general consumer ***,to contain the rise in consumer prices,it needs to exercise conservative fiscal stances,which require minimizing deficit financing,reducing the import tax rate and reducing domestic indirect tax rates such as excise tax and value added tax on basic consumer goods and ***,sound government policies are essential to address inflation anticipations(providing information for society about the future of inflation)to change public opinion.

关键词： Price inertia External factor Grain price Fertilizer price Principal component analysis

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Velocity of Money in Ethiopia

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Macro Management & Public Policies 2021年第3期3卷 35-41页

作者： kedir Bekeru Genemo Economic Modeling and Policy Analysis Directorate National Bank of EthiopiaAddis AbabaEthiopia

Velocity of money is an important instrument used to measure the monetary target and quality of monetary *** the trends in the money velocity,mainly in the short term,will have a paramount effect in determining the trends in real money *** study investigates the main causes of money velocity in Ethiopia using time series data for the period 1974/75 to 2015/16.A regression with Bayesian estimation and nonparametric Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing(LOWESS)methods were used to analyze the *** such as credit,real interest rate,real exchange rate and real per capita income were included as potential determinants of money *** findings of using non-parametric LOWESS methods show an upward trends in the velocity of money since 2002 and downward trends before 2002,indicating the existence’s of prudent monetary policy in Ethiopia after *** result also shows a positive effect of real exchange rate and credit,whereas income per capita and real interest rates have a negative effect on velocity of money in ***,this paper recommends that,the policy to encourage sustainable economic growth and increase in interest rate would be beneficial to reduce velocity of money.

关键词： LOWESS Credible interval Prior Posterior

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Skin problems in children under five years old at a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第7期6卷 625-629页

作者： José Manuel Ramos Paula Moles-Poveda Dalu Tessema Mubarack kedir Gamadi Safayo Abraham Tesfasmariam Francisco Reyes Isabel Belinchon Department of Paediatrics and General Medicine Gambo General Rural Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Department of Clinical Medicine Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche Department of Dermatology Hospital Arnau de Vilanova Department of Dermatology Hospital General Universitario de Alicante

Objective: To examine the prevalence of cutaneous disorders in children under 5 years old who attended a rural hospital in Southern ***: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 26 to February 20, 2015 in children under 5 years old who attended Gambo Rural Hospital in West Arsi of the Oromia Region, ***: A total of 324 children were included(59.6% male) whose median age was 16.4months. In total, 147 children [45.4%; 95% confidence interval(CI): 40.0%–50.8%]under 5 years had a skin problem, of which 101(68.7%) consulted for that reason. The other 46(31.3%) consulted for a general health problem and the dermatological condition was a secondary finding during the physical exploration. In 93 children(28.7%; 95% CI:20%–33.8%), it was the main disease, and in 54 children(16.5%; 95% CI: 13.0%–21.1%)it was concomitant with other diseases. The most common dermatological disease was scabies(n = 44, 13.6%; 95% CI: 10.3%–17.7%). Impetigo was diagnosed in 32 children(9.9%; 95% CI: 7.1%–13.3%), of which 23(71.9%) had complicated impetigo. Nineteen children(5.9%; 95% CI: 3.8%–9.0%) had eczema, 10(3.1%) had eczema associated to other conditions. The following most frequent skin problems were tinea(n = 9; 2.8%),infected wound and ulcer(n = 7; 2.2%), and burns(n = 6; 1.9%).Conclusions: Skin problems, mainly scabies, impetigo, and eczema were common in young children attended at a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia. Children under 5 years should be examined thoroughly to rule out skin diseases, especially scabies.

关键词： Children Under five years Skin problem Scabies Impetigo

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Energy Analysis in Irrigated Sugarcane Schemes of Awash River Basin, Ethiopia

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2022年第4期11卷 93-115页

作者： Yusuf kedir Belete Berhanu Tena Alamirew Addis Ababa Institute of Technology (AAiT) Addis Ababa Ethiopia Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Addis Ababa Institute of Technology (AAiT) Addis Ababa Ethiopia Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Sugarcane is one of the important irrigated crops in Ethiopia and its production is highly linked with its energy and water use. In this paper, identifications and quantifications of input and output, direct and indirect energy sources, and energy use of farm operations were carried out on 11 irrigation schemes of Awash River Basin. In order to grow 91.8 to 167.6 tons of cane, 47.9 to 143.4 GJ/ha of total energy was used. Average total input energies of gravity, pump surface and sprinkler scheme categories to grow 109.8, 112.7 and 136.3 ton/ha were 53.6, 68.9 and 129.2 GJ/ha, respectively. Around 90% and 74% total energies of gravity surface and sprinkler schemes were consumed as direct and indirect energies, respectively. Irrigation found to be the most energy consuming operation constituting more than 50% input energy of all scheme categories. Energy efficiency of gravity schemes was 152% and 300% higher than pump driven surface and sprinkler schemes. Energy sequestrated in cane straws burned during harvesting found to be higher than fertilizer and pumping energy demands. Use of cane straws as manure and energy sources have the potential to substitute demands which in turn needs further investigations and analysis.

关键词： Energy Productivity Energy Sources Farm Operation Gravity Scheme Pump Scheme Sprinkler

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校长领导力的实践与挑战 ——以埃塞俄比亚阿法尔州Konneba Woreda小学为例

校长领导力的实践与挑战 ——以埃塞俄比亚阿法尔州Konneba Wored...

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作者： kedir Ebrahim Abdella 华东师范大学

学位级别：硕士

学校校长的专业化对于改善学校的整体表现至关重要,并有助于提高学生学术成绩。但是,在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔州的大多数小学中,校长的表现还较差强人意。本研究的主要目的是评估Konneba Woreda小学领导人的工作以及面临的挑战。参考国家专... 详细信息

学校校长的专业化对于改善学校的整体表现至关重要,并有助于提高学生学术成绩。但是,在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔州的大多数小学中,校长的表现还较差强人意。本研究的主要目的是评估Konneba Woreda小学领导人的工作以及面临的挑战。参考国家专业标准对校长的要求,学校领导的关键目标是促进学校发展和学生学业进步。本研究使用了定量和定性方法(混合方法)。参与者包括6名学校校长、14名教育主管、21名学校教师和1名Woreda教育办公室负责人。研究数据主要来源于对41名参与者(6名学校校长,14名教育主管和21名学校教师)开展的问卷调查以及对Woreda教育办公室负责人和校长们的半结构化访谈。所使用的抽样手段包括对学校校长的数据可用性抽样,对教育主管的有目的抽样以及对学校教师的简单随机抽样。此外,研究通过使用简单统计手段分析问卷获取了定量数据:频率、百分比、平均值和t检验。另一方面,通过访谈和文档分析收集定性数据,以叙事形式补充问卷。研究表明,小学校长们出于不同的原因在领导学校时受到了不同的限制,比如领导知识和技能的缺乏以及动力不足,这也体现出校长在开展领导工作时有着多种多样的问题。总而言之,结果表明由于缺乏专业准备,小学校长们在本研究研究范围内的领导工作表现欠佳。这表明,有关机构在任命学校校长之前应注意校长的专业素质。本研究可以促进教育部、地区教育局、Woreda教育部门以及学校社区和研究人员参与提高校长的学校领导工作。

关键词：学校领导力领导实践学校校长 Konneba 小学挑战

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