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Elevated brain temperature under severe h.at exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

Journal of Sport and h.alth.Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan Mary C.Steph.nson Sh.rifah.Badriyah.Alh.dad Kelvin w.Z.Loh.Tuck wah Soong Jason K.w.Lee Ivan C.C.Low h.alth.and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore h.man Potential Translational Research.Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Ph.siology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore h.at Resilience and Performance Centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for h.alth National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Campus for Research.Excellence and Tech.ological Enterprise(CREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive h.at exposure can lead to h.perth.rmia in h.mans,wh.ch.impairs ph.sical performance and disrupts cognitive *** h.at is a known ph.siological stressor,it is unclear h.w severe h.at stress affects brain ph.siology and ***:Eleven h.alth. participants were subjected to h.at stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until th.ir rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive h.perth.rmia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with.seated rest(normoth.rmic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tigh.ly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).with.th. development of h.perth.rmia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with.th. rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during h.gh.intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in h.perth.rmic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with.passive *** function was poorer under a passive h.perth.rmic state,and th.s could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by th. reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated th. rise in both.T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated h.at-related neural ***:Severe h.at exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and th.s can lead to impairment of ph.sical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity Cognition h.at stress h.perth.rmia Motor function

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Th. quasi-Gramian solution of a non-commutative extension of th. h.gh.r-order nonlinear Sch.?dinger equation

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Communications in Th.oretical Ph.sics 2024年第3期76卷 51-61页

作者： h.w A Riaz J Lin Department of Ph.sics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Th. nonlinear Sch.?dinger(NLS)equation,wh.ch.incorporates h.gh.r-order dispersive terms,is widely employed in th. th.oretical analysis of various ph.sical *** th.s study,we explore th. non-commutative extension of th. h.gh.r-order NLS *** treat real or complex-valued functions,such.as g_(1)=g_(1)(x,t)and g_(2)=g_(2)(x,t)as non-commutative,and employ th. Lax pair associated with.th. evolution equation,as in th. commutation *** derive th. quasi-Gramian solution of th. system by employing a binary Darboux *** soliton solutions are presented explicitly with.n th. framework of *** visually understand th. dynamics and solutions in th. given example,we also provide simulations illustrating th. associated ***,th. solution can be used to study th. stability of plane waves and to understand th. generation of periodic patterns with.n th. context of modulational instability.

关键词： integrable systems Darboux transformation solitons

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Effects of length.alteration of OPE-containing mono- and dinuclear alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridine complexes on ph.toph.sical, structural and morph.logical properties

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8893-8903页

作者： Jason Koon-Lam Poon Sammual Yu-Lut Leung Eric Ka-h. wong Vivian wing-wah Yam Institute of Molecular Functional Materials State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

A series of mononuclear complexes and unsymmetric dinuclear alkynylplatinum(II)terpyridine complexes with.oligo(paraph.nylene eth.nylene)(OPE)-derived backbone with.a variation of th. length. of alkoxy ch.ins and OPE backbones was *** morph.logical properties,packing lattice and gelation beh.viors of th. mononuclear complexes were systematically studied,and th. th.rmodynamic parameters and packing lattices of th. dinuclear complexes were also investigated,providing furth.r insigh.s into th. roles of th. non-covalent interactions and th.ir delicate balance in constructing soph.sticated supramolecular *** and nanotube formation h.ve been observed upon a delicate control of th. intermolecular interactions by altering th. length. and structural dimensions of th. complexes.

关键词： supramolecular ch.mistry self-assembled nanostructures platinum(II)complexes metallogel

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Superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mech.nisms

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： h.T.Jeong S.w.Lee w.J.Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

Th. superplastic beh.vior and associated deformation mech.nisms of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with.a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of th. BCCβph.se and a small amount of th. h.Pαph.se,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of th.s alloy was ach.eved by employing h.gh.ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was ach.eved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),wh.re tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** th. h.ating and h.lding stage of th. tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider th.s effect wh.n analyzing and understanding th. superplastic deformation beh.vior and *** th. investigated strain rate range,th. superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,wh.le at h.gh.strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was th. rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded th.t solute drag creep is unlikely to *** th. late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed th.t grain boundary sliding led to th. agglomeration of th.αph.se,resulting in significant strain *** mech.nism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-Li alloys in th. form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using th. constitutive equations for various deformation mech.nisms derived based on th. data of th. current tests.

关键词： Magnesium-lith.um alloy Superplasticity Severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

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Effect of cold-working on corrosion induced damage in lug joints

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Defence Tech.ology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ramanath.M.N Ch.kmath.L. Murth. h. Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Aeronautical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

Lug joints are preferred joineries for transferring h.avy loads to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environmental conditions,improper surface finish.s and rubbing displacement between th. pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and sh.pes near th. *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is modelled as a th.ough.pit at one of th. identified critical locations th.ough.stress *** effect of th.s pit on fatigue crack initiation life is ***-h.le is pre-stressed by cold-working and th. benefits of inducing plastic wake on th. intended performance of th. lug joint during th. damages due to corrosion are brough. out and compared with.non-cold-worked *** analysis is performed on th.s lug joint with.*** results obtained h.gh.igh. th. benefits of cold-working and th. meth.dology can be extended to damage growth.and analyse th. effect of surface treatments for better structural integrity of components of aerospace veh.cles.

关键词： Lug joint Corrosion Crack initiation Cold-working Structural integrity

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Treatment of uveitis and scleritis patients in Malaysia

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International Journal of Oph.h.lmology(English.edition) 2024年第3期17卷 518-527页

作者： Sieng Teng Seow Iqbal Tajunisah.Fei Yee Lee Pooi wah Lott Sagili Ch.ndrasekh.ra Reddy Department of Oph.h.lmology University Malaya Eye Research Centre(UMERC)Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 59100Malaysia Clinical Research.Centre Selayang HospitalMinistry of Health MalaysiaSelangor 68100Malaysia Department of Oph.h.lmology Faculty of Medicine and Defence HealthNational Defence University of MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia

●AIM:To determine th. common causes and visual outcome after treatment among uveitis and scleritis patients.●METh.DS:Th.s is a retrospective coh.rt observational *** consecutive clinical records of patients with.newly diagnosed uveitis and scleritis over a 4-year period,from Jan.1,2017 to Dec.31,2020,were *** was collected at th. presentation and included a follow-up period of one year.●RESULTS:A total of 288 patients were recruited during th. study *** uveitis was th. most common anatomical diagnosis(50.0%)followed by panuveitis(25.0%),scleritis(13.5%),posterior uveitis(6.9%),and intermediate uveitis(4.5%).Viral h.rpes was th. most common cause of infectious cases,wh.le Vogt-Koyanagi-h.rada(VKh.disease and h.man leucocyte antigen(h.A)B27 spondyloarth.opath. were th. leading causes of identifiable non-infectious *** of patients presented with.unilateral,non-granulomatous uveitis with.an absence of *** locations like posterior uveitis and panuveitis,and visual acuity worse th.n 3/60 at presentation were th. factors associated with.poor visual outcomes(Ph.d an identifiable cause for th. uveitis and scleritis,with.nearly equal distribution of infectious(n=85,29.5%)and noninfectious causes(n=84,29.2%).About 14.5%of patients were clinically blind at 1y of *** most common complication in our uveitis patients was glaucoma(47.5%),followed by cystoid macula oedema(18.9%)and cataract(13.9%).●CONCLUSION:Uveitis and scleritis are important causes of ocular *** are potentially blinding diseases wh.ch.can h.ve a good outcome if diagnosed and treated early.

关键词： uveitis scleritis ocular morbidity blindness aetiology

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Editorial for th. Special Issue on Emerging Tech.ology and Advanced Application of Nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Ch.nese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li J. Mei h. Li S. Tianjin University China Tsingh.a Sh.nzh.n International Graduate Sch.ol China Lanzh.u Jiaotong University China

Th. rapid development of clean and renewable energy tech.ologies represented by wind and solar energy,as well as th. continuous growth.of load demand,h.ve put forward h.gh.r requirements for th. safe operation of th. power *** performance of power equipment based on traditional dielectric materials is often limited by various defects generated during molding,transportation,assembly,and operation,wh.ch.cannot meet th. reliability requirements of power systems in th. new *** detection is an essential tech.ical meth.d in industrial development,wh.ch.can detect and evaluate th. defect and damage status of in-service equipment,key components,and materials with.ut damaging th. object.

关键词： service Application operation

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Microstructure evolution and sh.pe memory beh.viors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep th.rmomech.nical loading with.different prestrain levels

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2024年第4期171卷 80-93页

作者： Y.h.Zh.ng h.Li Z.w.Yang X.Liu Q.F.Gu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Sh.anxi Key Laboratory of h.gh.Performance Precision Forming Tech.ology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)sh.pe memory alloy(SMA)is a promising material in th. aerospace field due to its wide transformation *** application of sh.pe memory effect depends on multistep th.rmomech.n-ical loading,viz.,low-temperature deformation and subsequent h.ating to ***-temperature deformation prestrain plays a pivotal role in sh.pe memory properties tailoring of SMA ***,microstructure evolution and deformation mech.nisms of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)SMA subjected to vari-ous prestrain levels are still *** th.s end,microstructure evolution and sh.pe memory beh.viors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep th.rmomech.nical loading with.prestrain levels of 8%-16%at-28℃(M_(s)+30℃)were *** results demonstrate th.t th. stress-strain curve of th. specimen exh.bits four distinct stages at a maximal prestrain of 16%.wh.reas stageⅡand stageⅢend at prestrains of∼8%and∼12%,*** stageⅡ,th. stress-induced martensitic transformation is accompanied by th. dislocation slip of th. NiTi matrix andβ-Nb *** stageⅢ,in addition to th. h.gh.r density of dislocations and furth.r growth.of stress-induced martensite variants(SIMVs),(001)compound twins are introduced as a result of th.(001)deformation twinning in stress-induced ***{20-1}martensite twins are gradually introduced in stageⅣ.Correspondingly,after subsequent unloading and h.ating,a h.gh.r density of{114}austenite twins form in th. specimen with.a larger prestrain of 16%.with.increasing prestrain from 8%to 16%,th. recoverable strainε_(re)^(T)upon h.ating increases first and th.n ***ε_(re)^(T)obtains a maximum of 7.03%at 10%prestrain and de-creases to 6.17%at 16%*** increase ofε_(re)^(T)can be attributed to th. formation of new SIMVs,th. furth.r growth.of existing SIMVs,and th. recoverable(001)compound *** th. decrease ofε_(re)^(T)is mainly associated with.th. irrecoverable strain by{20−1}martensite *** effe

关键词： Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)sh.pe memory alloy wide transformation h.steresis Th.rmomech.nical loading Microstructure evolution Sh.pe memory beh.viors Stress-induced martensitic transformation Deformation twinning

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Cytotoxic lignans from th. roots and rh.zomes of Diph.lleia sinensis, a Ch.na's endemic plant species

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Ch.nese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第9期22卷 831-841页

作者： SUN Y. Zh.O C. BAI h. LI M. wANG J. h.O Z. FENG w. Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Ch.nese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by h.nan & Education Ministry of Ch.na Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 China Engineering and Tech.ology Center for Ch.nese Medicine Development of h.nan Province Zhengzhou 450046 China Sch.ol of Ph.rmacy Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 China

Eigh. novel arylnaph.h.lide lactone lignans, designated as diph.lignan A−h.(1−8), and a new dibenzyltyrolactone lignan, designated as diph.lignan I (9), were isolated from th. roots and rh.zomes of Diph.lleia sinensis, along with.two additional novel natural products (11 and 14) and four known metabolites (10, 12, 13, 15). Th. structural and stereoch.mical ch.racterization of th.se compounds was accomplish.d using NMR spectroscopy and electronic circular dich.oism (ECD) analysis. Th. cytotoxic activities of all isolated compounds were assessed against A-549 and SMMC-7721 cell lines. Notably, compound 2 demonstrated th. most significant cytotoxicity, with.IC50 values of 10.27 and 11.58 µmol·L−1 against A-549 and SMMC-7721 cell lines, respectively, exh.biting greater potency th.n th. positive control, cisplatin. © 2024 Ch.na Ph.rmaceutical University

关键词： Arylnaph.h.lide Cytotoxic Dibenzyltyrolactone Diph.lleia sinensis

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Natural medicine can substitute antibiotics in animal h.sbandry: protective effects and mech.nisms of rosewood essential oil against Salmonella infection

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Ch.nese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第9期22卷 785-796页

作者： wANG L. FANG J. wANG h. Zh.NG B. wANG N. YAO X. LI h. QIU J. DENG X. LENG B. wANG J. TAN w. Zh.NG Q. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University Changchun 130062 China Sh.nzh.n Beich.n Biotech.Co. Ltd. Shenzhen 518057 China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 China

Aniba rosaeodora essential oil (RO) h.s been traditionally used in natural medicine as a substitute for antibiotics due to its notable antidepressant and antibacterial properties. Salmonella, a prevalent path.gen in foodborne illnesses, presents a major ch.llenge to current antibiotic treatments. h.wever, th. antibacterial efficacy and mech.nisms of action of RO against Salmonella spp. remain underexplored. Th.s study aims to elucidate th. ch.mical composition of RO, evaluate its antibacterial activity and mech.nisms against Salmonella in vitro, and furth.r delineate its anti-inflammatory mech.nisms in vivo during Salmonella infection. Gas ch.omatograph.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized to ch.racterize th. ch.mical constituents of RO. Th. antibacterial activity of RO was assessed using minimal inh.bitory concentration (MIC) and time-kill assays. Various bioch.mical assays were employed to uncover th. potential bactericidal mech.nisms. Additionally, mouse and ch.ck models of Salmonella infection were establish.d to investigate th. proph.lactic effects of RO treatment. RO exh.bited significant antibacterial activity against both.Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with.an MIC of 4 mg·mL−1 for Salmonella spp. RO treatment resulted in bacterial damage th.ough.th. disruption of lipid and purine metabolism. Moreover, RO reduced injury and microbial colonization in infected mice and ch.cks. RO treatment also modulated th. h.st inflammatory response by inh.biting proinflammatory path.ays. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate th.t RO is effective against Salmonella infection, h.gh.igh.ing its potential as an alternative to antibiotics for antibacterial th.rapy. © 2024 Ch.na Ph.rmaceutical University

关键词： Aniba rosaeodora Anti-infection Anti-inflammation Antibacterial effect Rosewood essential oil Salmonella

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