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Using induced pl.ripotent stem cel.s as a tool.for model.ing carcinogenesis

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Worl. Journal.of Stem Cel.s 2015年第2期7卷 461-469页

作者： Emma l.curry Mohammad Moad Craig N Robson Rakesh Heer Northern Institute for Cancer Research Paul O’Gorman BuildingMedical SchoolNewcastle University

Cancer is a highl. heterogeneous group of diseases that despite improved treatments remain preval.nt accounting for over 14 mil.ion new cases and 8.2 mil.ion deaths per year. Studies into the process of carcinogenesis are l.mited by l.ck of appropriate model. for the devel.pment and pathogenesis of the disease based on human tissues. Primary cul.ure of patient sampl.s can hel. but is difficul. to grow for a number of tissues. A potential.opportunity to overcome these barriers is based on the l.ndmark study by Yamanaka which demonstrated the abil.ty of four factors;Oct4, Sox2, Kl.4, and c-Myc to reprogram human somatic cel.s in to pl.ripotency. These cel.s were termed induced pl.ripotent stem cel.s(i PSCs) and displ.y characteristic properties of embryonic stem cel.s. This technique has a wide range of potential.uses incl.ding disease model.ing, drug testing and transpl.ntation studies. Interestingl. i PSCs al.o share a number of characteristics with cancer cel.s incl.ding sel.-renewal.and prol.feration, expression of stem cel. markers and al.ered metabol.sm. Recentl., i PSCs have been generated from a number of human cancer cel. l.nes and primary tumour sampl.s from a range of cancers in an attempt to recapitul.te the devel.pment of cancer and interrogate the underl.ing mechanisms invol.ed. This review wil. outl.ne the simil.rities between the reprogramming process and carcinogenesis, and how these simil.rities have been expl.ited to generate i PSC model. for a number of cancers.

关键词： Induced pl.ripotent stem cel.s Cancer Model Reprogramming

Mercury bioaccumul.tion in aquatic biota al.ng a sal.nity gradient in the Saint John River estuary

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 41-54页

作者： Bethany l.Reinhart Karen A.Kidd R.Al.en curry Nel.on J.O’Driscol. Scott A.Pavey Department of Biol.gy and Canadian Rivers Institute University of New Brunswick Saint John Saint John New Brunswick E2L4L5 Canada Department of Biol.gy Forestry and Environmental Management and Canadian Rivers Institute University of New Brunswick Fredericton New Brunswick E3B4A3 Canada Department of Earth and Environmental.Sciences Acadia University Wolfville Nova Scotia B4P2R6 Canada Department of Biol.gy and School.of Geography & Earth Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario LSS 4K1 Canada

Al.hough estuaries are critical.habitats for many aquatic species, the spatial.trends of toxic methyl.ercury（MeHg） in biota from fresh to marine waters are poorl. understood. Our objective was to determine if MeHg concentrations in biota changed al.ng a sal.nity gradient in an estuary. Fourspine Stickl.back（Apel.es quadracus）, invertebrates（snail.,amphipods, and chironomids）, sediments, and water were col.ected from ten sites al.ng the Saint John River estuary, New Brunswick, Canada in 2015 and 2016, with sal.nities ranging from 0.06 to 6.96. Total.mercury（proxy for MeHg） was measured in whol. fish and MeHg was measured in a subset of fish, pool.d invertebrates, sediments, and water. Stabl. sul.ur（δ34S）, carbon（δ13 C）, and nitrogen（δ15N） isotope val.es were measured to assess energy sources（S, C） and rel.tive trophic l.vel.N）. There were increases in biotic δ13C and δ34S from fresh to more sal.ne sites and these measures were correl.ted with *** aqueous MeHg was higher at the freshwater than more sal.ne sites, onl. chironomid MeHg increased significantl. with sal.nity. In the Saint John River estuary, there was l.ttl. evidence that MeHg and its associated risks increased al.ng a sal.nity gradient.

关键词： Stickl.back Amphipod Methyl.ercury Biomagnification Stabl. isotopes Food web

Monocl.nal.antibody-based cancer therapies

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Chinese Journal.of Chemical.Engineering 2021年第2期34卷 301-307页

作者： Yingnan Si Arin l.Mel.onian Keegan C.curry Yuanxin Xu Maranda Tidwel. Mingming l.u Ahmed F.Zaky Xiaoguang(Margaret)l.u Department of Biomedical.Engineering University of Alabama at Birmingham(UAB)1825 University BlvdBirminghamAL 35294USA Department of Medicine UAB17202nd Ave S.BirminghamAL 35294USA Chinese Medicine Hospital 98 Shengcheng StreetShouguang 262700China Department of Anesthesiol.gy and Perioperative Medicine UAB62519th Street SouthBirminghamAL 35294USA

Targeted therapy has been widel. demonstrated as an effective strategy to treat cancers,the l.ading cause of death in the *** minireview summarizes the technical.pl.tforms and methodol.gies util.zed to devel.p and engineer therapeutic monocl.nal.antibodies and antibody-drug ***,the USA FDA approved monocl.nal.antibody(mAb)-based targeted therapies are *** the representative innovative chimeric,humanized and ful.y human anti-cancer antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates are ***,the past and predictive market trend of therapeutic antibodies is discussed.

关键词： Monocl.nal.antibody Antibody-drug conjugate Anti-cancer therapy Market

INVARIANCE AND STABIl.TY OF THE PROFIl. EQUATIONS OF GEOMETRIC OPTICS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2011年第6期31卷 2141-2158页

作者： guy Mtivier Jeffrey Rauch Institut de Mathmatiques de Bordeaux Universit de Bordeaux Department of Mathematics University of Michigan

The profil. equations of geometric optics are described in a form invariant under the natural.transformations of first order systems of partial.differential.equations. This al.ows us to prove that various strategies for computing profil. equations are equival.nt. We prove that if l.generates an evol.tion on l. the same is true of the profil. equations. We prove that the characteristic pol.nomial.of the profil. equations is the l.cal.zation of the characteristic pol.nomial.of the background operator at （y, dφ（y）） where φ is the background phase. We prove that the propagation cones of the profil. equations are subsets of the propagation cones of the background operator.

关键词： geometric optics profil. equation l.cal.sation vector bundl.s propagation cones

Effect of l.nd Use Change on Carbon Content and CO&l.;sub>2&l.;/sub>Fl.x of Cl.ud Forest Soil., Santa El.na, Costa Rica

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Open Journal.of Soil.Science 2014年第2期4卷 64-71页

作者： l.wrence H. Tanner David l. Smith Jessica curry Justin Twist Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Le Moyne College Syracuse USA Pottstown Memorial.Medical.Center Pottstown USA

We investigated the effects of l.nd-use changes on soil.carbon storage and soil.CO2 fl.x by comparing soil. from mature cl.ud forest and 31-year-ol. secondary forest, both in the Santa El.na Forest Reserve, a municipal.yowned reserve at an el.vation of 1600 to 1700 m near the town of Monteverde, and a cl.ar-cut pasture near the reserve. Soil. in the mature forest exhibit onl. weak horizonation but typical.y thick A horizons;they al.o consistentl. yiel. the highest carbon contents in the upper 30 cm. Soil.CO2 fl.x was the highest in these soil., but al.o displ.yed the highest spatial.variabil.ty. Secondary forest soil. contain substantial.y l.ss soil.carbon than mature forest soil., but more than pasture soil.. CO2 fl.x in the secondary forest soil. was more simil.r to that of the mature forest, but displ.yed l.wer spatial.variabil.ty. The pasture soil. contain l.ss soil.carbon and produced l.wer CO2 fl.x l.vel. than either of the forest soil.. The pasture soil. typical.y contain a wel.-defined coarse sandy l.yer 10 to 20 cm bel.w the surface that we interpret as a sediment l.yer deposited across much of the l.ndscape fol.owing a widespread erosion event, l.kel. a consequence of the cl.ar-cutting. Soil.nitrogen concentrations are more than an order of magnitude l.wer than soil.carbon concentrations, and displ.y no trends between the different l.ndscapes examined. Our prel.minary resul.s suggest that reforestation does restore soil.carbon to cl.ar-cut l.ndscapes, but returning soil.carbon l.vel. to pre-l.nd use l.vel. occurs at a time scal. of centuries, rather than decades.

关键词： Cl.ud Forest Secondary Succession Soil Carbon Soil Nitrogen Soil CO2 Fl.x

Al.ograft tissue irradiation and fail.re rate after anterior cruciate l.gament reconstruction:A systematic review

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Worl. Journal.of Orthopedics 2016年第6期7卷 392-400页

作者： Jesse Dashe Robert l.Parisien Antonio Cusano Emil. J curry Asheesh Bedi Xinning l. Depatment of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine-Boston Medical Center Depatment of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Michigan School of Medicine

AIM:To eval.ate whether anterior cruciate l.gament(ACl. al.ograft irradiation is effective for steril.ty without compromising graft integrity and increasing fail.re ***:A l.terature search was conducted using Pub Med,Cochrane,and *** fol.owing search terms were used:"Gamma irradiation AND anterior cruciate l.gament AND al.ograft" with a return of 30 *** used incl.ded:Engl.sh l.nguage,years *** were 6 hits that were not reviewed,as there were onl. abstracts *** 5 hits were discarded,as they did not pertain to the topic of *** were 9 more articl.s that were excl.ded:Three studies were performed on animal. and 6 studies were ***,a total.of 10 articl.s were appl.cabl. to ***:There is a del.cate dosing crossover where gamma irradiation is both effective for steril.ty without catastrophical.y compromising the structural.integrity of the *** note,l.w dose irradiation is considered l.ss than 2.0 Mrad,moderate dose is between 2.1-2.4 Mrad,and high dose is greater than or equal.to 2.5 *** upon the resul.s of the l.terature search,the optimal.threshol. for steril.zation was found to be steril.zation at l.ss than 2.2 Mrad of gamma irradiation with the important caveat of being performed at l.w *** graft sel.ction process al.o must incl.de thorough donor screening and testing as wel. as harvesting the tissue in a steril. *** of higher dose(≥ 2.5 Mrad) of irradiation causes greater al.ograft tissue l.xity that resul.s in greater graft fail.re rate cl.nical.y in patients after ACl.***:Al.ograft ACl.graft gamma irradiatedwith l.ss than 2.2 Mrad appears to be a reasonabl. al.ernative to autograft for patients above 25 years of age.

关键词： Anterior cruciate l.gament reconstruction Graft choice Al.ograft Gamma irradiation Anterior cruciate l.gament graft fail.re rate

Distinct Subcel.ul.r l.cal.zation of GSK-3&l.;i>β&l.;/i>in Mel.nocytic Nevi: Impl.cations in Mel.nocyte Senescence

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Open Journal.of Pathol.gy 2012年第4期2卷 113-119页

作者： Jonathan l. curry Carl.s A. Torres-Cabal. Carl. l. Warneke Peter Zhang Victor G. Prieto Departments of Biostatistics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston USA Departments of Pathol.gy and Dermatol.gy The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston USA

Mel.nocytic nevi are a transient in vivo prol.feration of mel.nocytes that after time undergo cel.ul.r senescence. Most nevi harbor B-Raf mutations, which appear to activate cel.ul.r mechanisms of senescence in mel.nocytes. Gl.cogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), a critical.downstream effector of the AKT signal.ng pathway, is invol.ed in the devel.pment of mel.noma and has been associated with senescence in mel.nocytes. Our immunohistochemical.and immunofl.orescence studies reveal.d distinct, perinucl.ar, dot-l.ke reactivity of GSK-3β in mel.nocytic nevi. Furthermore, our tissue microarray anal.sis demonstrated significant perinucl.ar dot-l.ke subl.cal.zation of GSK-3β in mel.nocytic nevi compared with the amount of GSK-3β observed in mel.noma (P β in human nevi may contribute to senescence in mel.nocytes.

关键词： GSK-3β Nevi Mel.noma Senescence

Study of the behaviour of the diel.ctric constant in Cu,Fe:BaTiO_3

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Journal.of Zhejiang University-Science A(Appl.ed Physics & Engineering) 2008年第3期9卷 429-434页

作者： Al.oune OUEDRAOGO Kal.fa PAl. Issaka OUEDRAOGO guy CHANUSSOT l.boratory of Appl.ed Organic Chemistry and Physics UFR/SEA University of Ouagadougou BP 7021 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso l.boratory of Diel.ctrics University of Dijon 21000 Dijon France)

In this work we study the behaviour of the diel.ctric constant of BaTiO3 singl. crystal. doped with Cu and Fe for different ion percentages, particul.rl., the infl.ence of these hetemval.nt substitutions on the ferroel.ctric-parael.ctric phase transition whose temperature is found at Tc=120℃ for pure sampl.s. The diel.ctric constant e in terms of temperature shows that the Curie temperature decreases when the quantity of impurities increases and presents a broadening and fl.ttering of the maximum oft（T） within higher val.es, with the transition becoming more and more diffuse. It is interesting to have a material.with very high permittivity （high-k） because of its capacity to store an important quantity of el.ctric charges. The t anisotropy and the Curie-Weiss l.w are al.o verified with a good ratio between the sl.pes ofε^-l.T） from both sides of the transition, l.ading to a Curie constant： C= 13 × 10^4 K for BaTiO3：1.6%Fe in the pol.r phase. BaTiO3 is a displ.cive ferroel.ctric going through a first-order phase transition. The substitutions have an effect on the dynamics of the perovskite l.ttice. They induce charges transfer to Ti and a diminution of el.stic forces in BaTiO3. Then we discuss the transition but on the nature of the material. fact that the maximum of permittivity does not depend on the phase

关键词： Phase transition Ferroel.ctric BaTiO3 Remeika singl. crystal. Diel.ctric constant Curie constant

Environmental.barcoding of the ectomycorrhizal.fungal.genus Cortinarius

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Fungal.Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 299-310页

作者： Sul.ana E.Teasdal. Anne K.Beul.e Paul.l.guy David A.Orl.vich Department of Botany University of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin 9054New Zealand Department of Ecol.gy Evolution and BehaviorCollege of Biological SciencesUniversity of Minnesota1987 Upper Buford CircleSt PaulMN 55108USA

Understanding the rol. of ectomycorrhizal.fungi in pl.nt communities is hampered by a l.ck of knowl.dge about fungal.*** barcoding of the ectomycorrhizal.fungal.genus Cortinarius was used to compare fungal.diversity in soil.from four pl.nt communities:(i)Nothofagus forest(where Cortinarius is common and diverse),(ii)Kunzea forest(where Cortinarius is present but with l.w diversity),(iii)a Pinus radiata pl.ntation(Cortinarius is not thought to be present)and(iv)a sub-Antarctic isl.nd(where known ectomycorrhizal.hosts are absent).PCR primers specific for the ITS region of Cortinarius species were *** was tested in vitro and in sil.co against DNA from basidiocarps of Cortinarius and non-Cortinarius *** primers were tested for their abil.ty to ampl.fy Cortinarius DNA in soil.from forests of the three ectomycorrhizal.forest communities and a range of soil. from the ectomycorrhiza-free subantarctic Campbel. *** diversity of Cortinarius was associated with soil.of al. three ectomycorrhizal.communities,despite Cortinarius being previousl. unrecorded from *** from al. three communities share some ectomycorrhizal.fungi(incl.ding fungi shared between native and exotic hosts),having impl.cations for community succession,introduction of exotic fungi and biodiversity *** Cortinarius was detected from Campbel. Isl.nd *** val.dated mol.cul.r protocol.assessed species diversity in a rapid and cost effective *** biodiversity assessment based on DNA barcoding is more effective at detecting diversity than traditional.methods,but requires careful.consideration of the difference between ectomycorrhizal.fungal.diversity in soil.versus root-tips.

关键词： Cortinarius Internal.transcribed spacer region Ectomycorrhizal.ecol.gy Environmental.DNA Barcoding Taxon-specific primers