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Effects of Saccharomycesboulardiion fecal short-chain fatty acids and microflora in patients on long-term total enteral nutrition

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第39期11卷 6165-6169页

作者： Stéphane M Schneider Fernand Girard-Pipau Jér(o|^)me Filippi Xavier Hébuterne Dominique Moyse gustavo calle Hinojosa Anne Pompei Patrick Rampal Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and clinical Nutrition Archet University Hospital NiceFrance Bacteriology Laboratory Archet University Hospital NiceFrance Biostatistician paris France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Princess Grace Hospital Monte-CarloMonaco

AIM： To assess the effects of Sb on fecal flora and shortchain fatty acids （ScFA） in patients on long-term TEN. METHODS： Ten patients （3 females, 7 males, 59±5.5 years）, on TEN for a median of 13 mo （1-125）, and 15 healthy volunteers （4 females, 11 males, 32±2.0 years） received Sb （0.5 g bid PO） for 6 d. Two stool samples were taken before, on the last 2 d and 9-10 d after treatment, for ScFA measurement and for culture and bacterial identification. Values （mean4-SE） were compared using sign tests and ANOVA. RESULTS： Fecal butyrate levels were lower in patients （10.1±2.9 mmol/kg） than in controls （19.2±3.9, P= 0.02）. Treatment with Sb increased total fecal ScFA levels in patients （150.2＋27.2 vs 107.5±18.2 mmol/kg, P= 0.02） but not in controls （129.0±28.6 vs 113.0±15.2 mmol/kg, NS）. At the end of treatment with Sb, patients had higher fecal butyrate（16.0±4.4 vs 10.1 [2.9] mmol/kg, P= 0.004）. Total ScFAs remained high 9 d after treatment was discontinued. Before the treatment, the anaerobe to aerobe ratio was lower in patients compared to controls （2.4±2.3 vs 69.8±1.8, P= 0.003）. There were no significant changes in the fecal flora of TEN patients. cONcLUSION： Sb-induced increase of fecal ScFA concentrations （especially butyrate） may explain the preventive effects of this yeast on TEN-induced diarrhea.

关键词： Enteral nutrition Diarrhea Saccharomyces boulardii Short-chain fatty acids Intestinal microbiota

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complementarity between quantum coherence and mixedness:a majorization approach

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第5期75卷 73-83页

作者： Yanet Alvarez Marcelo Losada Mariela Portesi gustavo M Bosyk Instituto de Física La Plata CONICET–UNLP1900 La PlataArgentina Facultad de ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata1900 La PlataArgentina Facultad de Matemática AstronomíaFísica y ComputaciónUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba5000 CórdobaArgentina

Quantum coherence is a relevant resource for various quantum information processing tasks,but it is fragile since it is generally affected by environmental *** is reflected in the loss of purity of the system,which in turn limits the amount of quantum coherence of *** a consequence,a complementarity relation between coherence and mixedness *** works characterize this complementarity through inequalities between theℓ1-norm of coherence and linear entropy,and between the relative entropy of coherence and von Neumann ***,coherence-mixedness complementarity is expected to be a general feature of quantum systems,regardless of the measures ***,an alternative approach to coherence-mixedness complementarity,based on majorization theory,is *** quantifiers of coherence and mixedness,namely the coherence vector and the spectrum,respectively,are used,instead of scalar measures.A majorization relation for the tensor product of both vectorial quantifiers is obtained,capturing general aspects of the trade-off between coherence and *** optimal bound for qubit systems and numerical bounds for qutrit systems are ***,coherence-mixedness complementarity relations are derived for a family of symmetric,concave and additive *** results provide a deeper insight into the relation between quantum coherence and mixedness.

关键词： coherence mixedness complementarity majorization

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Soil Agricultural Potential in Four common Andean Land Use Types in the Highlands of Southern Ecuador as Revealed by a corn Bioassay

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第10期6卷 1129-1140页

作者： gustavo chacón Daniel Gagnon David Paré Department of Biology Ecology and Management Universidad del Azuay Cuenca Ecuador Department of Biology Faculty of Science University of Regina Regina Canada Natural Resources canada Canadian Forest Service Laurentian Forestry Centre Sainte-Foy Canada

In the Andes, little is known about the relationships among current land uses and their effect on soil fertility. corn (Zea mays L.) was used to evaluate soil quality for plant growth on soils of four land uses, along an expected gradient of fertility: native forests (Nf) > pastures (Pa) > Eucalyptus globulus Labill. plantations (Eg) > Pinus patula Schlecht. plantations (Pp). corn was grown in soils taken from four different areas, for the four land uses in each. In a common garden, a randomized block design was used with four treatments: controls (c), ammonium nitrate (N), triple superphosphate (P), and combined N and P fertilizers (N + P). On soils from Nf, Pa and Eg, fertilization response was N + P > P > N > c;corn biomass (g/pot-1) averaged 4.5 in N + P, 3.3 in P, 1.8 in N, 1.7 in c;P content (mg/pot-1) averaged 12 in N + P, 11.9 in P, 2.3 in N, 2 in c. N + P enhanced growth the most. Mortality was high on Pp soils, growth weak, and fertilization response was P > N + P > c ≥ N;corn biomass (g/pot-1) was 0.9 in P, 0.5 in N + P, 0.8 in c, 0.4 in N;P content (mg/pot-1) was 4.4 in P, 2.3 in N + P, 1.8 in c, 1 in N. All soils had P, K, ca and Mg deficiencies. Al toxicity possibly occurred only in Pp soils. All control soils had low fertility. Responses to N and P were high except for Pp. Pastures and plantations were once natural forests converted to agriculture, then to pastures as soil fertility declined. Plantations were likely established on poorest pastures;only pine grew on poorest soils. This land use endpoint has the lowest agricultural potential;other land uses have limitations in P, N, and potentially K.

关键词： Andosol Nutrient Deficiencies Land Use Impacts Montane Forests Paute Watershed

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Effect of Medical Advice for Diet on Diabetes Self-Management and Glycemic control for Haitian and African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第11期4卷 1094-1101页

作者： Fatma G. Huffman Joel c. Exebio Joan A. Vaccaro gustavo G. Zarini Zisca Dixon Department of Dietetics and Nutrition Florida International University Miami USA

Adequate care of type 2 diabetes is reflected by the individual’s adherence to dietary guidance;yet, few patients are engaged in diabetes self-care at the recommended level, regardless of race/ethnicity. Few studies on the effect of dietary medical advice on diabetes self-management (DSM) and glycemic control have been conducted on Haitian and African American adults with type 2 diabetes. These relationships were assessed in total of 254 Blacks with type 2 diabetes (Haitian Americans = 129;African Americans = 125) recruited from Miami-Dade and Broward counties, Florida by community outreach methods. Although dietary advice received was not significantly different between the two Black ethnicities, given advice “to follow a diet” as a predictor of “using food groups” was significant for Haitian Americans, but not for African Americans. Haitian Americans who were advised to follow a diet were approximately 3 times more likely to sometimes or often use food groups (or exchange lists) in planning meals. Less than optimal glycemic control (A1c > 7.2) was inversely related to DSM for African Americans;but the relationship was not significant for Haitian Americans. A one unit increase in DSM score decreased the odds ratio point estimate of having less than optimal glycemic control (A1c > 7.2%) by a factor of 0.94 in African Americans. These results suggest that medical advice for diet plans may not be communicated effectively for DSM for some races/ethnicities. Research aimed at uncovering the enablers and barriers of diet management specific to Black ethnicities with type 2 diabetes is recommended.

关键词： Dietary Medical Advice Diabetes Self-Management African American Haitian American Type 2 Diabetes Glycemic control

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Musculoskeletal Pain in Medical Students Subject to Remote Teaching during the cOVID-19 Pandemic

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第8期9卷 92-19页

作者： Isabela de Paiva Gomes Vivian Mitleton Luiz gustavo Benedetti Fiorin camila dos Santos Leite Oscar césar Pires Medicine Department Taubaté University Taubaté Brazil

Musculoskeletal pain is a consequence of repetitive strain, overuse, and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. In 2020, due to the new coronavirus pandemic, social isolation started, and so did online classes in a remote study strategy to replace classroom-based study routines. Thus, students adopted a different physical posture from the usual one for a longer time than usual, representing a possible risk factor for musculoskeletal pain. In this sense, this research aimed to identify the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain in medical students subject to distance learning during the cOVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory study was applied through an online questionnaire, using the Google Forms application, to 154 students from the first to the fourth year of the medical course at a university in the countryside of the state of S?o Paulo. Among the participants, 99 (64.3%) were female, and 54 (35.7%) were male individuals with ages ranging from 18 and 34. In regards to the daily study time in sitting position, 83 (55.0%) reported staying more than 4 hours, 39 (25.8%) between 2 and 4 hours, and 29 (19.2%) less than 2 hours still. As for musculoskeletal pain before the pandemic;98 (63.6%) reported not feeling it, while 56 (36.4%) reported being affected by this type of pain. However, after the pandemic, 51 respondents (33.1%) continued not to feel anything, whereas 103 (66.9%) kept on having some type of musculoskeletal pain. The results obtained suggest an increase in musculoskeletal pain during the pandemic however other studies may confirm these findings.

关键词： Musculoskeletal Pain Medical Students Remote Teaching cOVID-19 Pandemic

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Novel Kdr mutations (K964R and A943V) in pyrethroid-resistant populations of Triatoma mazzottii and Triatoma longipennisUoro Mexico and detoxifying enzymes

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 809-820页

作者： Jesus Davila-Barboza O.Karina Villanueva-Segura Beatriz Lopez-Monroy gustavo Ponce-Garcia cristina Bobadilla-Utrera Mayela Montes-Rincon Zinnia J.Molina-Garza Juan I.Arredondo-Jimenez Iram P.Rodriguez-Sanchez Pablo c.Manrique-Saide Adriana E.Flores Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL) Facultad de Ciencias BiologicasSan Nicolas de los GarzaNLMexico Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Publica de los Servicios de Salud de Veracruz VeracruzMexico campus de ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos EntomologicosUniversidad Autonoma de YucatanMeridaYucatanMexico

Although having five different ways of transmission the vector-borne is the principal way of transmission of chagas disease, which involves insects of the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Nineteen of the 31 species that occur in Mexico are associated with humans, and all are capable of transmitting the disease. Pyrethroids are the insecticides recommended for the control of these vectors in Mexico. We determined the susceptibility to the pyrethroids dcltamethrin and permethrin of peridomestic populations of Triatoma mazzottii Usinger and two populations of Triatoma longipetmis Usinger in comparison with a reference strain for each species. Bioassays were performed for the determination of the LD50 for both field populations and reference strains. A maximum of 27 fold resistance to deltamethrin was observed in T. mazzottii, meanwhile, for permethrin, T. longipennis from Jalisco show the highest value of 3.19 fold. There was significantly increased activity of esterases in field populations in comparison with their corresponding reference strain. The results of the search of kdr mutations related to the resistance to deltamethrin and permethrin in the evaluated species show the presence of mutations in the field populations, as is the case with individuals of T. mazzottii, for which the mutation was found A943V, and for the two populations of T. longipennis included in this study, we report the presence of the kdr mutation K964R. Evaluation of the various mechanisms involved in resistance to pyrethroids in triatomines from Mexico could guide us to the real justification for insecticide resistance monitoring.

关键词： detoxifying enzymes kdr pyrethroids Triatoma longipennis Triatoma mazzottii

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Morphological and kinetic parameters of the absorption of nitrogen forms for selection of Eucalyptus clones

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1599-1611页

作者： Matheus Severo de Souza Kulmann Betania Vahl de Paula Paula Beatriz Sete Wagner Squizani Arruda Gabriel Alberto Sans camila Peligrinotti Tarouco Luciane Almari Tabaldi Fernando Teixeira Nicoloso gustavo Brunetto Soil Science Department Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRS 97105-900Brazil Federal University of Santa catarina Admar Gonzaga Highway1346FlorianópolisSC 88034-001Brazil Biology Department Natural and Exact Sciences CenterFederal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRS 97105-900Brazil

Eucalyptus clones are selected according to productivity,wood quality,rooting capacity,and resistance to drought,frost and ***,kinetic and morphological parameters that determine the absorption efficiency of nutrients such as nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)) and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))are often not considered in breeding *** objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological,physiological and kinetic parameters of nitrogen uptake by clones of Eucalyptus saligna(32,864) and Eucalyptus grandis(GPc23).Morphological parameters in shoot and root systems,biomass and N concentrations in different organs,photosynthetic pigment concentrations,parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic rates were *** parameters,maximum absorption velocity(V_(max)),Michaelis-Menten constant(K_(m)),minimum concentration(c_(min)) and influx(I) were calculated for NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+) in the two *** clone was more efficient in the uptake of NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+),and showed lower K_(m) and c_(min)values,allowing for the absorption of nitrogen at low concentrations due to the high affinity of the absorption sites of clone roots to NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+).Higher root lengths,area and volume helped the *** clone in absorption efficiency and consequently,resulted in higher root and shoot *** *** clone had higher K_(m) and cmin for NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+),indicating adaptation to environments with higher N *** results of NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+) kinetic parameters indicate that they can be used in Eucalyptus clone selection and breeding programs as they can predict the ability of clones to absorb NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+) at different concentrations.

关键词： Ammonium and nitrate Eucalyptus saligna Eucalyptus grandis Root system architecture Nitrogen influx Maximum absorption velocity(V_(max)) Michaelis–Menten constant(K_(m)) Minimum concentration(c_(min))

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Molecular Modeling of the Octacoordinated Tetracarbonato-Nd(Ⅲ),[Nd(cO3)4]5-,complex and its Nonacoordinated Fluoro and Aquo Adducts

Molecular Modeling of the Octacoordinated Tetracarbonato-Nd(...

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第六届国际稀土开发与应用研讨会

作者： S.P.SINHA Alfredo M.SIMAS gustavo L.c.MOURA SRD 6565 Willowick PI.DaytonOHIO 45459-3005U.S.A. Departamento de Quimica Fundamental CCENUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco50590-470RecifePEBrazil

carbonato complexes of the lanthanides and the actinides play an important role in the environment. In seawater,lanthanides and actinides are known to complex with the carbonate ion(cO).Depending on the concentration of the carbonate ion,the pH and the ionic strength,various species,including[Ln(cO)] are present in aqueous ***[1]and others[2,3]have shown the quantitative formation of the tetracarbonato complex,[Ln(cO)],at a pH～12. Sinha[3]observed extreme hypersensitivity of the fluorescent D→F transition in tetracarbonato complex of Eu(Ⅲ).He was also able to show[1]the presence of a difluoro adduct of Eu(Ⅲ)-tetracarbonato complex from the fluorescent lifetime ***,Sinha was not able to isolate the lanthanide(Ⅲ)-tetracarbonato complexes or the difluoro adduct in the solid state. It was of interest to investigate the structures of the octacoordinated lanthanide-tetracarbonato(Ⅰ) complexes and the fluoro and aquo adducts using molecular modeling technique and the recently developed SPARKEL parameters for all lanthanide *** semiemperical[4]approach has great advantage in screening a large number of analogous structures hundred times faster than the ab-initio methods and generating good geometry, bond lengths and bond angles. The Ln-O bond lengths of the octacoordinated(Ⅰ) complexes are listed *** values agree very well with those obtained for the bidentate carbonato complexes of the lanthanides[5].The structure of the "four-bladed propeller-shaped" complex-(Ⅰ) may be approximated as a staggered square *** calculated structure of Nd-(Ⅰ) complex is shown in ***.2 and Fig.3 show the calculated structures for the mono-fluoro and monaquo adducts. The mono-fluoro adduct is shown to have a monocapped-square antiprismatic structure with an average Nd-O distance of 2.53A and a longer Nd-F distance(2.55A).There is a slight increase in the Nd-O bond length in nonacoordinated mono-fluoro adduct in comparison to the octacoord

关键词： Lanthanide complex Theoretical Molecular Models Octacoordination Tetracarbonato complex

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Reducing Intermittence of Renewable Energy Sources with Seasonal-Pumped-Storage Plants

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Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第4期9卷 273-292页

作者： Pedro P. B. Machado Dorel S. Ramos gustavo c. Tenaglia Julian D. Hunt Department of Electric Power and Automation Engineering University of S&atilde o Paulo S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Energy Planning Program Federal Universityof Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

This paper presents a computational method to model and evaluate if Pumped Storage Plants (PSP) have the potential to reduce the intermittency of wind generation from different sites in Brazil and to improve the operation efficiency of hydroelectric plants when operating in cascade. Since the problem to be solved does not have a defined analytic solution, a Stochastic Optimization Algorithm was implemented to reach an optimal solution to the set of equations, inputs and proposed scenarios. A case study was developed based on the Paraná River Basin and the results shows that the model can operate in a variety of different operational patterns, making feasible the evaluation of different hydrological and wind scenarios. Given the Model support, it is easy to assume different PSP storage and generation capacities, allowing the comparison between the efficiency improvement of a conventional Pumped-Storage and a Season-al-Pumped-Storage in the same scenario. The study concludes that a PSP can effectively reduce the intermittency of wind and solar sources and contribute to the optimization of the Brazilian electricity sector.

关键词： Pumped-Storage Hydroelectricity Electricity Supply Modelling Genetic Algorithms Evolutionary Algorithm

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<i>In Silico</i>Experiments of carbon Dioxide Atmosphere and Buffer Type Effects on the Biomimetic coating with Simulated Body Fluids

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Advances in Materials Physics and chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 239-248页

作者： gustavo M. Platt Ivan N. Bastos Monica c. Andrade Glória D. A. Soares Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil State University of Rio de Janeiro Nova Friburgo Brazil

The formation of calcium phosphate phases is extremely important in a biomedical engineering context. These phosphates are used in many applications, such as grafts, drug-delivery processes and evaluation of the bioactivity of metallic surfaces. considering this scenario, it is useful to evaluate the thermodynamic conditions for the precipitation of phosphates of biomedical interest, mainly hydroxyapatite. In this work, we investigate the effects of two important factors using a thermodynamic framework: 1) carbon dioxide partial pressure;and 2) buffer type (2-Amino-2-hydroxy- methyl-propane-1,3-diol, known as TRIS and 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl] ethanesulfonic acid, also called HEPES), on the driving force behind the precipitation of calcium phosphates in simulated body fluids. The in silico results show that the pH value is governed by carbon dioxide content, as expected to occur in vivo. Moreover, the buffers can deplete the free calcium available in solution and, consequently, can cause difficulties in the calcium phosphate precipitation.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite Thermodynamic Modelling carbon Dioxide HEPES and TRIS Buffers In Silico Experiments

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