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A Review on Recent Development of Cooling Technologies for Photovoltaic Modules

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第6期29卷 1410-1430页

作者： ZHANG Chunxiao SHEN Chao WEI Shen WANG Yuan lv guoquan SUN Cheng Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of ArchitectureHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China The Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management University College London(UCL)London WC1E 7HBUK

When converting solar energy to electricity,a big proportion of energy is not converted for electricity but for heating PV cells,resulting in increased cell temperature and reduced electrical *** cooling technologies have been developed and used for PV modules to lower cell temperature and boost electric energy ***,little crucial review work was proposed to comment cooling technologies for PV ***,this paper has provided a thorough review of the up-to-date development of existing cooling technologies for PV modules,and given appropriate comments,comparisons and *** to the ways or principles of cooling,existing cooling technologies have been classified as fluid medium cooling(air cooling,water cooling and nanofluids cooling),optimizing structural configuration cooling and phase change materials *** influential factors and sub-methods were collected from the review work,and their contributions and impact have been discussed to guide future *** most cooling technologies reviewed in this paper are matured,there are still problems need to be solved,such as the choice of cooling fluid and its usability for specific regions,the fouling accumulation and cleaning of enhanced heat exchangers with complex structures,the balance between cooling cost and net efficiency of PV modules,the cooling of circulating water in tropical areas and the freezing of circulating water in cold *** be advocated,due to efficient heat transfer and spectral filter characters,nanofluids can promote the effective matching of solar energy at both spectral and spatial scales to achieve orderly energy utilization.

关键词： solar energy PV modules cooling technologies nanoparticles phase change materials

Operation strategy and energy-saving of the solar lighting/heating system through spectral splitting

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Energy and Built Environment 2023年第3期4卷 270-280页

作者： Chao Shen Kaijie Zheng Changyun Ruan guoquan lv Mahroo Eftekhari School of Architecture Harbin Institute of TechnologyKey Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and TechnologyMinistry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 15000China School of Architecture Building and Civil EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK

The performance of a solar lighting and heating system(SLHS)based on the spectral splitting effect of nanofluids is presented in this *** through nanofluids would split the sunlight spectrum into different wavelength,and then introduce the visible light into the offices for lighting and absorb infrared energy to generate hot *** Energy Plus software was used to analyze the energy consumption of typical office building located in the city of Harbin in China coupled with *** on the simulation results two lighting zones were identified in the offices and the optimal lighting control strategy was developed for a full *** performance models of SLHS with different light-receiving areas of 10 m^(2)and 40 m^(2)were simulated and validated using the existing experimental *** overall energy-saving of the offices over a full year were analyzed using the validated *** demonstrated that for SLHS with the area of 40 m^(2),the rate of the energy saving in the offices due to lighting and hot water systems were 58.9%,and 19.3%,*** system also had the additional benefit of reducing the cooling load of the air conditioning system during summer period together with improving the quality of the indoor environment resulting in better health and productivity of the occupants.

关键词： Office building Energy consumption Solar lighting/heating Lighting control strategy Energy-saving benefits

Modeling and investigating the detailed characteristics of solar lighting/heating system based on spectrum split of nanofluids

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能源与人工环境(英文) 2022年第1期3卷 30-39页

作者： Chao Shen guoquan lv Kaijie Zheng Changyun Ruan Chunxiao Zhang Yu Dong School of Architecture Harbin Institute of TechnologyKey Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and TechnologyMinistry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Solar lighting technologies can lead sunlight into indoor actively,which has been proved that has great potential to reduce electric lighting consumption and create a healthy visual *** this paper,a mathematics model was developed to explore performance characteristics and economic applicability of solar lighting/heating system that combine ordinary solar lighting system with nanofluids to spectroscopically utilize *** results show that the luminous efficiency of output visible light can reach at 242 lm/W,which is 1.62-2.42 times higher than that of current LED ***,it can be found that the energy-saving capacity of this system is remarkable when used in most areas of *** for Harbin,its annual total solar radiation ranges 4190 MJ/m^(2)to 5020 MJ/m^(2),the system’s annual output energy(per square meter of collection area)is 188.15 kW·h for daylighting and 248.2 kW•h for domestic hot ***,the integrated using of infrared radiation can improve the economy of solar lighting technologies by calculating the comprehensive price of unit output energy.

关键词： Solar lighting Solar energy Full spectrum Nanofluids

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我国民主管理的进展、挑战与对策

中国劳动关系学院学报 2012年第6期26卷 4-11页

作者：吕国泉中华全国总工会中国工运研究所北京100865

我国经济发展的奥秘之一就是大力发展基层民主,实行民主管理。近年来,各地结合实际大力推进以职工代表大会为基本形式的民主管理制度,取得了明显成绩,在推动企业可持续发展、维护职工合法权益方面发挥了重要作用。同时由于经济社会的变... 详细信息

我国经济发展的奥秘之一就是大力发展基层民主,实行民主管理。近年来,各地结合实际大力推进以职工代表大会为基本形式的民主管理制度,取得了明显成绩,在推动企业可持续发展、维护职工合法权益方面发挥了重要作用。同时由于经济社会的变革、劳动关系的变化,职工队伍发生深刻变化,民主诉求不断增强,民主管理工作面临新的机遇和挑战,需要解放思想,在理论上积极探索形成适应国情和时代发展的中国特色企业民主管理理论体系,在实践上进一步推动立法进程,完善民主管理制度机制,强化监督检查,提高执行力。

关键词：民主管理进展挑战对策

A fast forward computational method for nuclear measurement using volumetric detection constraints

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 47-63页

作者： Qiong Zhang Lin-lv Lin University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610000China

Owing to the complex lithology of unconventional reservoirs,field interpreters usually need to provide a basis for interpretation using logging simulation *** the various detection tools that use nuclear sources,the detector response can reflect various types of information of the *** Monte Carlo method is one of the primary methods used to obtain nuclear detection responses in complex ***,this requires a computational process with extensive random sampling,consumes considerable resources,and does not provide real-time response ***,a novel fast forward computational method(FFCM)for nuclear measurement that uses volumetric detection constraints to rapidly calculate the detector response in various complex environments is ***,the data library required for the FFCM is built by collecting the detection volume,detector counts,and flux sensitivity functions through a Monte Carlo ***,based on perturbation theory and the Rytov approximation,a model for the detector response is derived using the flux sensitivity function method and a one-group diffusion *** environmental perturbation is constrained to optimize the model according to the tool structure and the impact of the formation and borehole within the effective detection ***,the method is applied to a neutron porosity tool for *** various complex simulation environments,the maximum relative error between the calculated porosity results of Monte Carlo and FFCM was 6.80%,with a rootmean-square error of 0.62 *** field well applications,the formation porosity model obtained using FFCM was in good agreement with the model obtained by interpreters,which demonstrates the validity and accuracy of the proposed method.

关键词： Nuclear measurement Fast forward computation Volumetric constraints

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发展和谐劳动关系的挑战与进路

中国劳动关系学院学报 2011年第6期25卷 13-18页

作者：吕国泉李嘉娜中国工运研究所北京100865

从工会的角度来探讨发展和谐劳动关系,是研究劳动关系问题不可或缺的一种视角维度。我国明确把发展和谐劳动关系作为社会管理的基本理念,在宏观层面提供政策体制保障,在微观层面建立健全劳动关系协调机制,使劳动关系总体保持协调稳定。... 详细信息

从工会的角度来探讨发展和谐劳动关系,是研究劳动关系问题不可或缺的一种视角维度。我国明确把发展和谐劳动关系作为社会管理的基本理念,在宏观层面提供政策体制保障,在微观层面建立健全劳动关系协调机制,使劳动关系总体保持协调稳定。与此同时,由于劳动关系类型的多样化趋向、职工队伍来源及构成出现新的变化、劳动关系运行环境信息化网络化和社会化、劳动关系标准和影响出现国际化趋势等,发展和谐劳动关系面临着诸多挑战,亟待探寻符合我国国情的基本进路。其一,把握发展和谐劳动关系的目标原则;其二,强化政府的主导地位;其三,推动企业建立健全工资集体协商机制;其四,建立健全劳动关系矛盾预防和调处机制;其五,发挥职工的主体作用;其六,提升工会发展和谐劳动关系的能力水平。

关键词：劳动关系和谐发展挑战进路

Fractures interaction and propagation mechanism of multi-cluster fracturing on laminated shale oil reservoir

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2600-2613页

作者： Jia-Xin lv Bing Hou Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum (Beijing) State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Department of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) at Karamay

The continental shale reservoirs of Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in Sichuan Basin contain thin lamina, which is characterized by strong plasticity and developed longitudinal shell limestone *** improve the production efficiency of reservoirs by multi-cluster fracturing, it is necessary to consider the unbalanced propagation of hydraulic fractures and the penetration effect of fractures. This paper constructed a numerical model of multi-fracture propagation and penetration based on the finite element coupling cohesive zone method; considering the construction cluster spacing, pump rate,lamina strength and other parameters studied the influencing factors of multi-cluster fracture interaction propagation; combined with AE energy data and fracture mode reconstruction method, quantitatively characterized the comprehensive impact of the strength of thin interlayer rock interfaces on the initiation and propagation of fractures that penetrate layers, and accurately predicted the propagation pattern of hydraulic fractures through laminated shale oil reservoirs. Simulation results revealed that in the process of multi-cluster fracturing, the proportion of shear damage is low, and mainly occurs in bedding fractures activated by outer fractures. Reducing the cluster spacing enhances the fracture system's penetration ability, though it lowers the activation efficiency of lamina. The high plasticity of the limestone interlayer may impact the vertical propagation distance of the main fracture. Improving the interface strength is beneficial to the reconstruction of the fracture height, but the interface communication effect is limited. Reasonable selection of layers with moderate lamina strength for fracturing stimulation, increasing the pump rate during fracturing and setting the cluster spacing reasonably are beneficial to improve the effect of reservoir stimulation.

关键词： Laminated shale Multi-cluster fracturing Cross-layer Cohesive zone model Acoustic emission technique

Control of chiral-optical activities by magnetic field based on the transformation of achiral binary crystals into chiral ternary crystals

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2300-2305页

作者： Zhiyan Chen Yan lv Wei Qin College of Physics Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan 250100China Shandong Linuo Photovoltaic Hi-Tech Co. Ltd.Jinan 250100China

Multicomponent self-assembled chiral systems have attracted great attention due to their promising application in the area of spin-photonics and *** this work,through introducing an achiral third component into an achiral binary crystal,a chiral organic ternary crystal is fabricated,where both pronounced chiral-optical coupling and magnetic field dependence of chiral-optical activities are *** transformation of achiral structure into chiral structure generates a significant effect on the polarized state of light and the electron spin resonance ***,the coupling between circularly polarized photon and spin is observed in chiral ternary crystal with pronounced chiral orbit,where obvious magnetic field-transmissivity loop is ***,temperature could increase the magnitude of lattice parameters to lead to a larger helix radius to increase the chiral orbit ***,this work indicates that the further exploration of photon-chiral orbit-spin interactions in organic chiral ternary crystals is promising.

关键词： organic chiral ternary crystals chiral orbit chiral-optical activities magnetic field

Event-triggered sliding mode control of linear repetitive processes and its application in metal rolling process

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 167-181页

作者： Xinyu lv Yugang NIU James LAM Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process (East China University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

This paper investigates the design problem of a sliding mode controller for linear repetitive processes(LRPs) with a finite pass length on each pass. Under limited communication resources, an eventtriggered mechanism is implemented from the sensors to the controller, whose triggered sequence is consistent with the evolution direction of LRPs. To periodically orchestrate communication between the controller and actuator, a round-robin scheduling mechanism is established based on the pass length. A sliding function involving the state and pass profile is constructed, and the sliding mode controller is designed using triggered states and pass profile signals. Feasible controller gains are attained to ensure the stability of the resultant closed-loop system. Finally, the proposed strategy is implemented for a multi-roll metal rolling process.

关键词： event-triggered mechanism linear repetitive processes metal rolling process round-robin scheduling sliding mode control

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