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Atmospheric HONO formation during and after the Spring Festival holidays in a coastal city of China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 251-263页

作者： Xue Ni Cuizhi Sun Yongyun Zhang Baoling Liang Shengzhen Zhou guangdong lan Jun Zhao School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studiesand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Climate Environment and Air Quality Change in the Pearl River Estuary Zhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

Nitrous acid(HONO)is an important source of hydrogen oxides(HOx),which affects air quality,the atmospheric oxidation capacity,and human health.Here,we present ambient measurements of the HONO concentrations in Zhuhai,a coastal city in Southern China,from February 7 to March 15,2021.The campaign was classified into two periods during(P1)and after(P2)the Spring Festival holidays.The average HONO mixing ratio during P2(1.19±0.85 ppbv)was much higher than that during P1(0.24±0.18 ppbv),likely due to the contribution of homogeneous HONO formation.During nighttime,the heterogeneous conversion rate during P2(0.0089/hr)was considerably higher than that during P1(0.0057/hr),suggesting a higher heterogeneous NO_(2) conversion potential.However,the heterogeneous NO_(2) conversion was the dominant way during P1 with a high percentage of 88%,while comparable ratios of heterogeneous and homogeneous formation were found(54%vs.46%)during P2,indicating that the homogeneous formation was also important during P2.During daytime,homogeneous reaction was the major known pathway,with a contribution of 16%during P1 and 27%during P2,leaving large unknown HONO sources which reasonably correlated with the photo-enhanced NO_(2) conversion.Two case scenarios were additionally explored,showing that there might be a primary emission source during one scenario(February 17-18)and vehicle emissions might be the major unknown HONO source for another scenario(March 3–5).The results suggest that large unknown daytime sources still exist which need more future ambient and laboratory studies.

关键词： Nitrous acid Nocturnal and daytime budget Heterogeneous conversion Homogeneous formation Coastal area

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Free-moving-state microscopic imaging of cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics with a photoacoustic fiberscope

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 33-46页

作者： Xiaoxuan Zhong Yizhi Liang Xiaoyu Wang Haoying lan Xue Bai Long Jin Bai-Ou Guan guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications Institute of Photonics TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China

We report the development of a head-mounted photoacoustic fiberscope for cerebral imaging in a freely behaving mouse.The 4.5-gram imaging probe has a 9-µm lateral resolution and 0.2-Hz frame rate over a 1.2-mm wide area.The probe can continuously monitor cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamic responses at single-vessel resolution,showing significantly different cerebrovascular responses to external stimuli under anesthesia and in the freely moving state.For example,when subjected to high-concentration CO_(2) respiration,enhanced oxygenation to compensate for hypercapnia can be visualized due to cerebral regulation in the freely moving state.Comparative studies exhibit significantly weakened compensation capabilities in obese rodents.This new imaging modality can be used for investigating both normal and pathological cerebrovascular functions and shows great promise for studying cerebral activity,disorders and their treatments.

关键词： cerebral anesthesia moving

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Study on Chaotic Characteristics of the Friction Process between High Hardness Alloy Steel and Cemented Carbide under C60 Nanoparticle Fluid Lubrication

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 525-550页

作者： Jingshan Huang Bin Yao Qixin lan Zhirong Pan School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

Friction and wear phenomenon is a complex nonlinear system,and it is also a significant problem in the process of metal cutting.In order to systematically analyze the friction and wear process of tool material-workpiece material friction pair in the cutting process of high hardness alloy steel under different lubrication conditions,the chaotic characteristics of friction process between high hardness alloy steel and cemented carbide under the lubrication C60 nano-particles fluid are studied based on the chaos theory.Firstly,the friction and wear experiments of the friction pair between high hardness alloy steel and cemented carbide tool are carried out based on the ring-block friction and wear tester,and the results of friction force signal in time domain and wear width are obtained.Then,the friction signals in time domain are processed and transformed based on phase space reconstruction and recurrence plot theory,and the recurrence plots of different experimental groups under different lubrication conditions are generated.The evolution law of recurrence plot is further observed and studied,and the recursive quantitative index is analyzed.Finally,the cutting experiments of tool wear are carried out.The results show that the proposed method can intuitively and accurately reveal the wear evolution process and the wear feature identification law of the tool material-high hardness alloy steel pair under different lubrication conditions.Meanwhile,it is found that when the concentration of C60 nanoparticles is 200∼300 ppm,the stability of the friction pair system is best.The proposed method can provide a strategy for wear prediction in cutting process,and provide a theoretical basis and technical support for antifriction lubrication methods in practical cutting applications.

关键词： C60 nanoparticles recurrence plot friction stability

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A novel insight of enhancing the hydrogen peroxide tolerance of unspecific peroxygenase from Daldinia caldariorum based on structure

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 426-430页

作者： Tiantian Li Ruochen Jin Bin Wu Dongming lan Yunjian Ma Yonghua Wang School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Bioscience and Bioengineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China guangdong Youmei Institute of Intelligent Bio-manufacturing Co. Ltd.Foshan 528200China

Unspecific peroxygenases(UPOs, EC 1.***.2.1) is a kind of thioheme enzyme capable of catalyzing various oxidations of inert C–H bonds using H_(2)O_(2) as an oxygen donor without cofactors. However, the enhancement of the H_(2)O_(2) tolerance of UPOs is always challenging. In this study, the A161C mutant of r Dca UPO,which originates from Daldinia caldariorum, was found to be highly H_(2)O_(2)-resistant. Compared with the wild type, the mutant r Dca UPO-A161C showed a 10-h prolonged half-life and a 64% improved enzyme activity when incubated in 10 mmol/L H_(2)O_(2). The crystal structure analysis at 1.47 A showed that r Dca UPOA161C exhibited 10 α-helixes(cyan) and a series of ordered rings, forming a single asymmetric spherical structure. The two conserved domains near heme formed an active site with the catalytic PCP and EHD regions(Glu86, His87, Asp88 residues). The H_(2)O_(2) tolerance of r Dca UPO-A161C was preliminarily explored by comparing its structure with the wild type. Notably, r Dca UPO-A161C showed significantly higher catalytic efficiency than the wild type for the production of hydroxyl fatty acids. This study is anticipated to provide an insight into the structure-function relationship and expand potential applications of UPOs.

关键词： Unspecific peroxygenase Molecular modification Hydrogen peroxide stability Crystal structure Hydroxyl fatty acids

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Tracing monoclinic distortion in NCM532 cathode materials by in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 274-279页

作者： Min Dong Qingya Sun Zhihua Wang Zixin Rui Zhe Zhang He Zhu Si lan Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Center for Neutron Scattering City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute

Layered LiNixCoyMnzO2（NCM） cathode materials have emerged as the best choice for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries for powering electric vehicles.Despite significant research efforts,the understanding of complex structural dynamics during lithium（de-） intercalation still remains a subject of debate,especially in scenarios where morphology and composition vary.In this study,we carried out in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments on commercial NCM523cathode materials in both single crystal and polycrystalline forms to probe the structural changes during charging and discharging in detail.Our findings reveal that both single crystal and polycrystalline materials exhibit typical H1-H2-H3 phase transitions.However,in polycrystalline NCM532,a monoclinic intermediate phase emerges between the H1 and H2 phases.During this process,symmetry reduces from R-3m to C2/m,which is attributed to a shear distortion along the ab plane.In contrast,for single crystal materials,the H1 phase directly transforms into the H2 phase without the monoclinic phase.The observed monoclinic distortion significantly impacts structural stability and material cycling performance.This study provides new insight into the structural dynamics in NCM532 cathode materials,particularly concerning morphology-dependent behaviors,which could deepen our understanding of the relationship between NCM material structures and their performance.

关键词： CHEMISTRY

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Antimicrobial roles of phagocytosis in teleost fish:Phagocytic B cells vs professional phagocytes

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 105-114页

作者： Liting Wu lan Li Along Gao Jianmin Ye Jun Li guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou510225China School of Science and Medicine Lake Superior State UniversitySault Ste.MarieMI49783USA

The defense system of teleost fish organized on innate and adaptive immunity protects them against a wide variety of pathogenic microorganisms in the aquatic environment.Phagocytosis is one of the most effective defense strategies against microbial challenge mainly performed by classical‘professional’phagocytes(including monocytes,macrophages and granulocytes).They contain,kill and process the internalized pathogens for antigen presentation by providing antigenic ligands to initiate activation and clonal expansion of T and B cells,which bridge the innate and adaptive immunity.The discovery of phagocytic B cells in teleost fish has broken the paradigm that primary vertebrate B cells are lack of phagocytosis of particulates,as well as led to the investigation of phagocytic activity of mammalian B-1 B cells.The active phagocytic,microbicidal capabilities and antigen presentation in teleost phagocytic B cell have demonstrated to be similar as professional phagocytes,providing a potential impact on development of new vaccination strategies to prevent and control infectious diseases.In this review,we aim to address current progress on the antimicrobial role of phagocytic B cells in teleost fish by comparing it with other professional phagocytes and mammalian B-1 B cells,and provide the application prospect of phagocytic B cells in developing vaccines as well as the prevention of fish diseases.

关键词： Teleost fish Phagocytic B cell Phagocytosis Antimicrobial role Vaccine design

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Temperature inversion enables superior stability for low-temperature Zn-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 245-253页

作者： Fu-Da Yu Zhe-Jian Yi Rui-Yang Li Wei-Hao Lin Jie Chen Xiao-Yue Chen Yi-Ming Xie Ji-Huai Wu Zhang lan lan-Fang Que Bao-Sheng Liu Hao Luo Zhen-Bo Wang Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of EducationInstitute of Materials Physical ChemistryHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina b2 School of Electronic Engineering Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006GuangxiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024FujianChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage State Key Laboratory of Space Power-SourcesSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518071GuangdongChina

It is challenging for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs)to achieve comparable low-temperature(low-T)performance due to the easy-frozen electrolyte and severe Zn dendrites.Herein,an aqueous electrolyte with a low freezing point and high ionic conductivity is proposed.Combined with molecular dynamics simulation and multi-scale interface analysis(time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry threedimensional mapping and in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method),the temperature independence of the V_(2)O_(5)cathode and Zn anode is observed to be opposite.Surprisingly,dominated by the solvent structure of the designed electrolyte at low temperatures,vanadium dissolution/shuttle is significantly inhibited,and the zinc dendrites caused by this electrochemical crosstalk are greatly relieved,thus showing an abnormal temperature inversion effect.Through the disclosure and improvement of the above phenomena,the designed Zn||V_(2)O_(5)full cell delivers superior low-T performance,maintaining almost 99%capacity retention after 9500 cycles(working more than 2500 h)at-20°C.This work proposes a kind of electrolyte suitable for low-T ZIBs and reveals the inverse temperature dependence of the Zn anode,which might offer a novel perspective for the investigation of low-T aqueous battery systems.

关键词： Aqueous Zn-ion batteries Low-temperature performance Opposite temperature dependence Zndendrite growth Vanadium dissolution

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The in vitro digestion fates of diacylglycerol under different intestinal conditions:a potential lipid source for lipid indigestion patients

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 1079-1092页

作者： Qingqing Xu Weifei Wang Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse Qian Zou Menglei Yan Xuan Liu Dongming lan Yonghua Wang School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510610China School of Chemical Sciences The University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019New Zealand guangdong Youmei Institute of Intelligent Bio-manufacturing Co. Ltd.Foshan 528200China

The in vitro digestion models mimicking the gastrointestinal(GI)tract of general population and lipid indigestion patients(with lower levels of bile salts or pancreatic lipase)were selected to investigate whether diacylglycerols(DAGs)are potential good lipid sources for these patients.Linseed oil-based DAG(LD)and linseed oil(LT)were selected.LD-based emulsion((83.74±1.23)%)had higher lipolysis degree than LT-based emulsion((74.47±1.16)%)when monitoring the GI tract of normal population as previously reported.Indigestion conditions seriously decreased the digestive degree of LT-based emulsion((40.23±2.48)%-(66.50±3.70)%)while showed less influence on LD-based emulsion((64.18±2.41)%-(81.85±3.45)%).As opposed to LT-based emulsion,LD-based emulsion exhibited preference for releasing unsaturated fatty acids(especially oleic acid andα-linolenic acid)due to their different glycerolipid compositions.LD-based emulsion showed potential for providing lipids and nutrients(including essential fatty acids)for lipid indigestion patients.

关键词： Diacylglycerol In vitro digestion Lipolysis level Cholestatic Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

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Pyrolysis and coking behavior of typical liquid hydrocarbon fuels in hot pipe

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Huagong Xuebao/CIESC Journal 2024年第2期75卷 626-636页

作者： Li, Haowen lan, Hao Zheng, Youdan Sun, Yonghui Yang, Zixin Song, Qianshi Wang, Xiaohan Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangxi Ganzhou 341000 China Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Guangzhou 510640 China Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

The fuel molecular structure is an important factor affecting the pyrolysis coking process in the active cooling channel. Stripping the effect of turbulent diffusion on pyrolysis coking, the pyrolysis coking patterns of typical aviation kerosene components such as n-heptane (nC7H16), iso-heptane (iC7H16), methylcyclohexane (MCH), n-dodecane (nC12H26), and toluene (A1CH3) were compared in a pre-oxidized STS304 (Φ3.0 mm×0.5 mm×1.0 m, outer diameter × wall thickness × length) flow reactor tube at 600—800℃, 1.0 MPa, and under a laminar near-chemical kinetic state. The normalized molar fraction distributions of pyrolysis gas-liquid products of the five typical fuels were quantitatively obtained, and the unsteady-state coking characteristics and along-range coking distribution patterns of the fuels were compared by weighing method. The results show that the conversion of chain alkanes is higher at the lower temperature of 650℃, the conversion of MCH as well as A1CH3 is lower due to the stabilized cyclic structure, and the conversion of A1CH3 increases abruptly above 775℃ . The hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4) content of iC7H16 and MCH is significantly higher due to the presence of branched methyl groups. Straight-chain alkanes have higher contents of ethylene (C2H4) and ethane (C2H6) through β-scission. Propylene (C3H6) is a by-product of C—C bond breakage. The content of C3H6 is higher at lower temperatures, while the content of C2H4 and C3H6 tends to decrease due to the secondary reaction of coking at high temperatures. The main products in the liquid phase included benzene, A1CH3, naphthalene and other diphenyl aromatic hydrocarbons. The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increased at high temperatures, and tetraphenyl aromatic hydrocarbons such as perylene, phenanthrene, and anthracene were detected by GC-MS, but they accounted for a very low molar fraction of the bulk phase. The coking rates of MCH and nC12H26 were low at lower temperatures, and the coking rates of MCH and A1CH3 increased significantly

关键词： Paraffins

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Small nucleolar RNA and its potential role in the oncogenesis and development of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 115-127页

作者： Yang-Zheng lan Zheng Wu Wen-Jia Chen Ze-Xuan Fang Xin-Ning Yu Hua-Tao Wu Jing Liu The Breast Center Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041Guangdong ProvinceChina

Small nucleolar RNAs(snoRNAs)represent a class of non-coding RNAs that play pivotal roles in post-transcriptional RNA processing and modification,thereby contributing significantly to the maintenance of cellular functions related to protein synthesis.SnoRNAs have been discovered to possess the ability to influence cell fate and alter disease progression,holding immense potential in controlling human diseases.It is suggested that the dysregulation of snoRNAs in cancer exhibits differential expression across various cancer types,stages,metastasis,treatment response and/or prognosis in patients.On the other hand,colorectal cancer(CRC),a prevalent malignancy of the digestive system,is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates,ranking as the third most common cancer type.Recent research indicates that snoRNA dysregulation is associated with CRC,as snoRNA expression significantly differs between normal and cancerous conditions.Consequently,assessing snoRNA expression level and function holds promise for the prognosis and diagnosis of CRC.Nevertheless,current comprehension of the potential roles of snoRNAs in CRC remains limited.This review offers a comprehensive survey of the aberrant regulation of snoRNAs in CRC,providing valuable insights into the discovery of novel biomarkers,therapeutic targets,and potential tools for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC and furnishing critical cues for advancing research into CRC and the judicious selection of therapeutic targets.

关键词： Small nucleolar RNAs Colorectal cancer Dysregulation Biomarker

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