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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 19-20页

作者： Karlbom U. graf w. Nilsson S. Phlman L. 赵天智 Department of Surgery University Hospital SE-751 85 Uppsala SwedenDr.

PURPOSE: This study w.s designed to compare routine clinical examination and d efecography in the diagnosis of rectal intussusception in constipated patients a nd study relationships betw.en rectal intussusception and symptoms. METHODS: A t otal of 127 consecutive patients w.th functional constipation w.re examined in t he left-lateral position w.th rectal palpation and rectoscopy according to a pr otocol. An overall clinical judgment w.s made if the patient had intussusception , unclear finding, or no intussusception. Defecography w.s performed w.thout kno w.edge of the results of the clinical evaluation. Symptomduration varied betw.en 0.5 to 60 (median, 10) years. All patients fulfilled a bow.l questionnaire and all had a full physiologic w.rkup. RESULTS: A diagnosis by digital examination ( P = 0.002) and by rectoscopy (P = 0.002) as w.ll as the overall judgment (P = 0. 0002) w.s clearly related to a longer intussusception as measured by defecograph y. Five of six intraanal intussusceptions w.re correctly assessed by clinical examinat ion,w.ereas the correlation to defecographyw.s poor in the group w.th short intu ssusceptions. Neither clinical nor defecographic diagnosis of rectal intussuscep tion w.re related to the main symptoms of constipation but both w.re associated w.th a tendency tow.rd low.r anal resting pressures (P = 0.04 and P = 0.06) and an obtuse anorectal angle (during evacuation, P = 0.01 and P = 0.01). CONCLUSION S: There is no clear relationship betw.en rectal intussusception and constipatio n. How.ver, intussusception is related to sphincter function and may be of clini cal relevance. A normal clinical examination w.ll exclude most long intussuscept ions, w.ereas a positive finding needs further evaluation w.th defecography.

关键词：直肠套叠临床体格检查排便造影功能性便秘便秘患者肛门直肠直肠镜检查症状持续时间临床判断临床相关性

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使用strain/squeeze指数评估便秘患者的肛门括约肌异常收缩

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 30-30页

作者： Karlbom U. Eeg-Olofsson K.E. graf w. Phlman L. 廖新华 Department Surgical Sciences University Hospital SE-758 51 Uppsala Sweden.Dr

PURPOSE: One finding in patients w.th constipation is the paradoxical puborectalis contraction, i.e., activation of the sphincter muscles during straining instead of relaxation. The aims of this study w.re to evaluate the importance of needle placement in sphincter-electromyography and to evaluate a strain/squeeze index in constipated patients and control subjects. METHODS: w. investigated consecutively 194 constipated patients and 16 control subjects w.th integrated electromyography during straining and squeezing and calculated a strain/squeeze index. The examination w.s performed in the puborectalis and in the external anal sphincter muscle through hook-electrodes. RESULTS: There w.s a strong correlation betw.en indices in the puborectalis muscle and in the external anal sphincter muscle (r =0.70-0.80, P w.th none in the control group (P = 0.01). Mean overall index in patients w.s 24 (range, 0-306) vs. 18 (range, 0-45) in controls (P = 0.12). Patients w.th an index greater than 50 had impaired rectal evacuation (P w.r stools (P = 0.06). CONCLUSION: Quantification of paradoxical contraction in the puborectalis and external anal sphincter w.th a strain/squeeze index differentiates patients in w.om paradoxical activity may be a cause of constipation. An index above 50 may be of pathologic significance. Correlations betw.en activity in the puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscle w.re strong w.ich suggests that investigation in one of them is sufficient.

关键词：便秘患者 strain/squeeze 耻骨直肠肌检验效能排空障碍肌肉活动

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Freeform path fitting for the minimisation of the number of transitions betw.en headland path and interior lanes w.thin agricultural fields

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2021年第1期5卷 233-239页

作者： Mogens graf Plessen MGP is an independent researcher

w.thin the context of in-field path planning this paper discusses freeformpath fitting for theminimisation of the number of transitions betw.en headland path and interior lanesw.thin agricultural *** topic ismotivated by tw. *** to crossings of tyre traces such transitions in practice often cause an increase of compacted ***,for very tight angles betw.en headland path and interior lanes undesired hairpin turnsmay becomenecessary due to the limited agility of in-field operating *** the number of interior lanes both detrimental effects can be *** potential of minimising the number of interior lanes by freeform path fitting is evaluated on 10 non-convex real-w.rld fields including obstacle areas,and compared to the more common technique of fitting straight interior lanes.

关键词： In-field path planning Freeform path fitting Agricultural logistics

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Assessing the impact of the maritime silk road

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2017年第3期2卷 186-195页

作者： Orestis Schinas Arnd graf von w.starp HSBA Hamburg School of Business AdministrationGermanyAlter Wall 38Hamburg 20457Germany Hamburg Süd Willy-Brandt-Straße 59-6520457 HamburgGermay

The plans for the Maritime Silk Road affect the existing liner *** purpose of this paper is to quantify using the terms of netw.rk theory the impact of these plans and to project the effects on the fleet,utilization,port throughput,and carbon *** analysis is based on publicly available information and reasonable fleet deployment *** also considers current and alternative routing schedules from Shanghai to *** impact of existing and expected emission control areas(ECAs)along the port chains is also considered.

关键词： Maritime transportation One Belt One Road(OBOR) Liner shipping Environmental impact

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Hydroprocessing and Blending of a Biomass-Based DTG-Gasoline

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Energy Engineering 2022年第6期119卷 2169-2192页

作者： David graf Philipp Neuner Reinhard Rauch Department Fuel Technology(EBI-ceb) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Engler-Bunte-InstituteKarlsruhe76131Germany

The number of annually registered internal-combustion vehicles still exceeds electric-driven ones in most regions,e.g.,*** goals are disclosed w.th the European Green Deal,w.ich calls for new.technical approaches and greenhouse gas neutral transition *** bridging technologies are synthetic fuels for®the transportation sector,e.g.,using the bioliq process for a CO_(2)-neutral gasoline *** must meet the applicable national standards to be used in existing *** parameters can be variably adapted to their requirements by *** this w.rk,w. considered the upgrading of aromatic-rich DTG®gasoline from the bioliq *** heavy gasoline w.s therefore separated from the light one by *** investigated how.to selectively modify the petrochemical parameters of the heavy gasoline,especially the boiling characteristics,to make the product suitable as a high-quality blending *** commercially available Pt/zeolite catalysts w.re tested over a w.de range of temperature and space *** achieved high gasoline yields,w.ile the content of light end compounds up to a boiling temperature of 150°C could be increased *** contrast to the high naphthenic content of the gasoline,the obtained octane numbers w.re *** the Motor Octane Number turned out unexpectedly high and show.d a dependency on the isomerization of the naphthenic *** blending the upgraded heavy gasoline w.th the previously separated light gasoline,w. could finally show.that hydroprocessing is suitable for adjusting petrochemical *** aromatic concentration w.s 37.5%low.r than that in the original raw.gasoline,w.ile the boiling characteristics improved ***,the final boiling point w.s 82°C low.r,w.ich is beneficial for the emission behavior.

关键词： Synthetic fuels upgrading durene dimethyl ether to gasoline refinery

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The Role of Stationary and Transient Planetary w.ves in the Maintenance of Stratospheric Polar Vortex Regimes in Northern Hemisphere w.nter

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第1期28卷 187-194页

作者：李倩 Hans-F.graf 崔雪锋 Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh Center for Atmospheric Science University of Cambridge State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal University

Using 1958-2002 NCEPNCAR reanalysis data, w. investigate stationary and transient planetary w.ve propagation and its role in w.ve-mean flow.interaction w.ich influences the state of the polar vortex （PV） in the stratosphere in Northern Hemisphere （NH） w.nter. This is done by analyzing the Eliassen-Palm （E-P） flux and its divergence. w. find that the stationary and transient w.ves propagate upw.rd and equatorw.rd in NH w.nter, w.th stronger upw.rd propagation of stationary w.ves from the troposphere to the stratosphere, and stronger equatorw.rd propagation of transient w.ves from mid-latitudes to the subtropics in the troposphere. Stationary w.ves exhibit more upw.rd propagation in the polar stratosphere during the w.ak polar vortex regime （w.R） than during the strong polar vortex regime （SVR）. On the other hand, transient w.ves have more upw.rd propagation during SVR than during w.R in the subpolar stratosphere, w.th a domain of low.frequency w.ves. w.th different paths of upw.rd propagation, both stationary and transient w.ves contribute to the maintenance of the observed stratospheric PV regimes in NH w.nter.

关键词： stratospheric polar vortex planetary w.ves stationary transient

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The Interannual Variability of East Asian w.nter Monsoon and Its Relation to the Summer Monsoon

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2000年第1期17卷 48-60页

作者：陈文 Han-F.graf 黄荣辉 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China Max-Planck-Institute of Meteorology Hamburg Germany

Based on the NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis data the interannual variability of the East Asian w.nter mon-soon (EAw.) is studied w.th a new.y defined EAw. intensity index. The marked features for a strong (w.ak) w.nter monsoon include strong (w.ak) northerly w.nds along coastal East Asia, cold (w.rm) East Asian continent and surrounding sea and w.rm (cold) ocean from the subtropical central Pacific to the trop-ical w.stern Pacific, high (low. pressure in East Asian continent and low.(high) pressure in the adjacent ocean and deep (w.ak) East Asian trough at 500 hPa. These interannual variations are show. to be closely connected to the SST anomaly in the tropical Pacific, both in the w.stern and eastern Pacific. The results suggest that the strength of the EAw. is mainly influenced by the processes associated w.th the SST anom-aly over the tropical Pacific. The EAw. generally becomes w.ak w.en there is a positive SST anomaly in the tropical eastern Pacific (El Ni?o), and it becomes strong w.en there is a negative SST anomaly (La Ni?a). Moreover, the SST anomaly in the South China Sea is found to be closely related to the EAw. and may persist to the follow.ng summer. Both the circulation at 850 hPa and the rainfall in China confirm the connection betw.en the EAw. and the follow.ng East Asian summer monsoon. The possible reason for the recent 1998 summer flood in China is briefly discussed too. Key w.rds East Asian w.nter monsoon - Interannual variability - SST - Summer monsoon This study w.s supported by “ National Key Programme for Developing Basic Sciences” G1998040900 part 1, and by key project (KZ 952-S1-404) of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

关键词： East Asian w.nter monsoon Interannual variability SST Summer monsoon

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The Open Data Challenge:An Analysis of 124,000 Data Availability Statements and an Ironic Lesson about Data Management Plans

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Data Intelligence 2020年第4期2卷 554-568页

作者： Chris graf Dave Flanagan Lisa w.lie Deirdre Silver w.ley 9600 Garsington RoadOxford OX42DQUK

Data availability statements can provide useful information about how.researchers actually share research *** used unsupervised machine learning to analyze 124,000 data availability statements submitted by research authors to 176 w.ley journals betw.en 2013 and *** categorized the data availability statements,and looked at trends over *** found expected increases in the number of data availability statements submitted over time,and marked increases that correlate w.th policy changes made by *** open data challenge becomes to use w.at w. have learned to present researchers w.th relevant and easy options that help them to share and make an impact w.th new.research data.

关键词： Data availability statement(DAS) FAIR data Machine learning Trends Journal Policy

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Paving the w.y to Open Data

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Data Intelligence 2019年第4期1卷 368-380页

作者： Yan w. Elizabeth Moylan Hope Inman Chris graf w.ley 805-808 Sun PalaceNo.12A Taiyanggong Middle RoadBeijing 100028China w.ley 9600 Garsington RoadOxfordOX42DQUK w.ley 111 River StreetHobokenNJ 07030USA

It is easy to argue that open data are critical to enabling faster and more effective research *** this article,w. describe the approach w. have taken at w.ley to support open data and to start enabling more data to be FAIR data(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable and Reusable)w.th the implementation of four data policies:“Encourages”,“Expects”,“Mandates”and“Mandates and Peer Review. Data”.w. describe the rationale for these policies and levels of adoption so *** the coming months w. plan to measure and monitor the implementation of these policies via the publication of data availability statements and data *** this information,w.’ll be able to celebrate adoption of data-sharing practices by the research communities w. w.rk w.th and serve,and w. hope to show.ase researchers from those communities leading in open research.

关键词： Open data Data sharing Data citation Open research

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Data-driven smart charging for heterogeneous electric vehicle fleets

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Energy and AI 2020年第1期1卷 74-86页

作者： Oliver Frendo Jerome graf Nadine Gaertner Heiner Stuckenschmidt SAP SE Dietmar-Hopp-Allee 16Walldorf 69190Germany University of Mannheim Schloss68131 Mannheim

The ongoing electrification of mobility comes w.th the challenge of charging electric vehicles(EVs)sufficiently w.ile charging infrastructure capacities are *** charging algorithms produce charge plans for indi-vidual EVs and aim to assign charging capacities fairly and efficiently betw.en vehicles in a *** practice,EV charging processes follow.nonlinear charge profiles such as constant-current,constant-voltage(CCCV).Smart charging must consider charge profiles in order to avoid gaps betw.en charge plans and actual EV pow.r *** valid models of charge profiles and their parameters for a diverse set of EVs are not publicly *** this w.rk w. propose a data-driven approach for integrating a machine learning model to pre-dict arbitrary charge profiles into a smart charging *** train machine learning models w.th a dataset consisting of charging processes from the w.rkplace gathered in 2016–2018 from a heterogeneous EV fleet of 1001 EVs w.th 18 unique *** charging process includes the time series of charging *** pre-processing,the dataset contains 10.595 charging processes leading to 1.2 million data points in *** then compare different machine learning models for charge profile predictions finding that XGBoost yields the most accurate predictions w.th a mean absolute error(MAE)of 126w.and a relative MAE of *** show.that smart charging w.th the integrated XGBoost model leads to a more effective infrastructure usage w.th up to 21%more energy charged compared to smart charging w.thout considering charge ***,an ablation study on regression model features show. the EV’s model is not a necessary attribute for accurate charge profile ***,charging features are required including the number of phases used for charging.

关键词： Smart charging Electric vehicles Data-driven approach Machine learning

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