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A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for Spartina species

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 263-272页

作者： Shengyu Wang Philip A.Martin Yan Hao William J.Sutherland gorm E.shackelford Jihua Wu Ruiting Ju Wenneng Zhou Bo Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuaryInstitute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s(BioRISC) St Catharine’s CollegeUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB21RLUK Conservation Science Group Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB23QZUK State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems and College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds School of EcologyEnvironment and ResourcesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive AdaptationEvolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion BiologyInstitute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China

Invasions by Spartina species pose serious threats to global coastal *** many studies have examined the effectiveness and ecological impacts of invasive Spartina management,no comprehensive global synthesis has been conducted to assess the effects of management on Spartina per se and on wider ***,we conducted a global meta-analysis of 3,459 observations from 102 studies to quantify the effects of different management interventions(physical,chemical,biological,and integrated control)on Spartina per se and native biodiversity and *** found that physical measures quickly suppressed Spartina but that their effectiveness declined over *** contrast,chemical measures decreased the abundance and growth of Spartina to a lesser degree in the early stage,but the effectiveness increased over *** management measures did not significantly decrease the diversity of native biota on the whole,but native-plant diversity significantly decreased with time after physical *** management measures did not affect abiotic factors *** results support the use of chemical measures to control invasive Spartina,although their effectiveness would depend on the time since the management *** the problem of Spartina regrowth following physical control requires improved *** hold that initial states of invaders and subsequent environmental changes after management interventions should be weighed in evaluating control efficacy.

关键词： Plant invasion Biodiversity Meta-analysis Restoration Salt marshes Treatment timing

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A solution scan of societal options to reduce transmission and spread of respiratory viruses:SARS-CoV-2 as a case study

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第2期3卷 84-90页

作者： William J.Sutherland Nigel G.Taylor David C.Aldridge Philip Martin Catherine Rhodes gorm shackelford Simon Beard Haydn Belfield Andrew J.Bladon Cameron Brick Alec P.Christie Andrew P.Dobson Harriet Downey Amelia S.C.Hood Fangyuan Hua Alice C.Hughes Rebecca M.Jarvis Douglas MacFarlane William H.Morgan Anne-ChristineMupepele Stefan J.Marciniak Cassidy Nelson SeánÓhÉigeartaigh Clarissa Rios Rojas Katherine A.Sainsbury Rebecca K.Smith Lalitha S.Sundaram Ann Thornton John Watkins Thomas B.White Kate Willott Silviu O.Petrovan BioRISC(Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s) St Catharine’s CollegeCambridge CB21RLUK Department of Zoology University of CambridgeThe David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StreetCambridge CB23QZUK Tour du Valat Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands13200 ArlesFrance Centre for the Study of Existential Risk University of CambridgeCB21SBUK Department of Social Psychology University of AmsterdamNieuwe Achtergracht 129 B1018 WT AmsterdamNetherlands Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 117 Eno HallPrinceton UniversityNJ 08544USA Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871PR China Centre for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbannaYunnan 666303PR China Te Kura Putaiao-School of Science Auckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand School of Psychological Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerth35 Stirling HwyCrawley WA 6009Australia Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Biometry and Environmental System AnalysisUniversity of FreiburgGermany Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of CambridgeCambridge Biomedical CampusThe Keith Peters BuildingHills RoadCambridge CB20XYUK Future of Humanity Institute University of OxfordOxford OX11PTUK Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationUniversity of Alberta2-130V Van Vliet 21 Complex(University Hall)EdmontonAlberta T6G 2H9Canada Division of Population Medicine School of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144YSUK

Societal biosecurity–measures built into everyday society to minimize risks from pests and diseases–is an important aspect of managing epidemics and *** aimed to identify societal options for reducing the transmission and spread of respiratory *** used SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)as a case study to meet the immediate need to manage the COVID-19 pandemic and eventually transition to more normal societal conditions,and to catalog options for managing similar pandemics in the *** used a‘solution scanning’*** read the literature;consulted psychology,public health,medical,and solution scanning experts;crowd-sourced options using social media;and collated comments on a ***,we present a list of 519 possible measures to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission and *** provide a long list of options for policymakers and businesses to consider when designing biosecurity plans to combat SARS-CoV-2 and similar pathogens in the *** also developed an online application to help with this *** encourage testing of actions,documentation of outcomes,revisions to the current list,and the addition of further options.

关键词： Biosecurity Coronavirus COVID-19 Disease control New normal Public health

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