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Using dung beetles to evaluate the effects of urbanization on Atlantic Forest biodiversity

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Insect Science 2013年第3期20卷 393-406页

作者： Vanesca Korasaki Jose lopes George Gardner Brown Julio Louzada Departamento de Agronomia Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina-PR Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu~ria Embrapa Florestas Colombo-PR Departamento de Biologia Setor de Ecologia Universidade Federal de Lavras Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil

We used dung beetles to evaluate the impact of urbanization on insect biodi- versity in three Atlantic Forest fragments in Londrina, Parana, Brazil. This study provides the first empirical evidence of the impact of urbanization on richness, abundance, compo- sition and guild structure of dung beetle communities from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We evaluated the community aspects （abundance, richness, composition and food guilds） of dung beetles in fragments with different degrees of immersion in the urban matrix using pitfall traps with four alternative baits （rotten meat, rotten fish, pig dung and decaying ba- nana）. A total of 1 719 individuals were collected, belonging to 29 species from 11 genera and six Scarabaeinae tribes. The most urban-immersed fragment showed a higher species dominance and the beetle community captured on dung presented the greatest evenness. The beetle communities were distinct with respect to the fragments and feeding habits. Except for the dung beetle assemblage in the most urbanized forest fragment, all others exhibited contrasting differences in species composition attracted to each bait type. Our results clearly show that the degree of urbanization affects Atlantic Forest dung beetle communities and that the preservation of forest fragments inside the cities, even small ones, can provide refuges for Scarabaeinae.

关键词： bioindicator coprophagous beetles food preference fragmentation habitat loss urban matrix

Plant-based pecan nut cake beverage enrichment of phytochemicals and antioxidant properties using multi-stage block freeze concentration

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 433-446页

作者： Laércio Galvão Maciel Gerson lopes Teixeira Department of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Santa Catarina88034-001 FlorianópolisSCBrazil

Pecan nut (Carya illinoinensis) processing to obtain oil generates circa 37% of press cake, which is currently underuti-lized and primarily employed as animal feed. Due to its nutritional- and bioactive-rich composition, pecan nut cake (PNC) can be used as raw material for plant-based beverages, whose properties may be enhanced using a non-ther-mal technology based on block freeze concentration (BFC). The effect of five-stage BFC on total solids content (TSC), pH, color parameters, retention of phytochemicals, and the antioxidant activity (AA) of a pecan nut cake beverage (PNB) was assessed in this work. BFC afforded 98% (w/w) solids retention after three stages and 85% efficiency after four stages. The process also provided a 254% concentration factor in stage 5. In the last step, approximately a 64% increase in TSC and a slight decrease (7.3%) in pH compared to the control PNB was observed. In addition, total phenolic compounds, condensed tannins, total flavonols, and AA were significantly (P < 0.05) improved after the BFC, resulting in a 2.6-10.2- and 1.9-5.8-fold increase in phytochemicals and antioxidants, respectively. On the other hand, BFC caused the darkening of concentrates due to TSC and bioactive compounds retention. The processing strategy evaluated herein indicated a great potential of PNC as a raw material for obtaining high-quality ingredients for the food industry, which may reduce agro-industrial waste production and add value to a coproduct rich in nutrients and biocompounds with potential biological activity.

关键词： Caryaillinoinensis Press cake Waste valorization Plant-based beverage Bioactive compounds Cryoconcentration

Coronavirus disease 2019 severity in obesity:Metabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liver disease in the spotlight

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第16期27卷 1738-1750页

作者： Isabela Macedo lopes Vasques-Monteiro Vanessa Souza-Mello Anatomy Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551030Brazil Food Science and Technology Federal University of the State of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 22290250Brazil Laboratory of Morphometry Metabolismand Cardiovascular DiseasesBiomedical CenterInstitute of BiologyAnatomy DepartmentRio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551030Brazil

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak has drawn the scientific community's attention to pre-existing metabolic conditions that could aggravate the infection,causing extended viral shedding,prolonged hospitalization,and high death *** dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)emerges as a surrogate for COVID-19 severity due to the constellation of metabolic alterations it *** review outlines the impact MAFLD exerts on COVID-19 severity in obese subjects,besides the possible mechanistic links to the poor *** data collected showed that MAFLD patients had poorer COVID-19 outcomes than non-MAFLD obese *** is generally accompanied by impaired glycemic control and systemic arterial hypertension,both of which can decompensate during the COVID-19 clinical ***,MAFLD subjects had higher plasma inflammatory marker concentrations than non-MAFLD subjects,which might be related to an intensified cytokine storm syndrome frequently associated with the need for mechanical ventilation and *** conclusion,MAFLD represents a higher risk than obesity for COVID-19 severity,resulting in poor outcomes and even progression to non-alcoholic *** should include MAFLD subjects in the high-risk group,intensify preventive measurements,and prioritize their vaccination.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Obesity COVID-19 Severity Cytokine storm syndrome

Evaluation of calcined textile sludge as a stabilizing material for highway soil

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第5期7卷 688-699页

作者： Alice Gonzaga de Oliveira Amanda Diniz Barros Leda Christiane de Figueiredo lopes Lucena Adriano Elisio de Figueiredo lopes Lucena Jonny Dantas Patricio Department of Civil Engineering Federal University of Campina GrandeCampina Grande 58429140Brazil

The textile industry is a pioneer in the industrialization process in Brazil and is relevant to the Brazilian economy. However, it also generates as operational residue a solid waste,commonly called textile sludge. Pavement construction, which mobilizes large volumes of soil, constitutes an alternative to the reuse of residue, especially when stabilization is involved. The use of stabilized soils with the addition of waste can provide technical,economic and environmentally friendly advantages. This research aimed to study the use of chemical stabilization technique with sludge and three additives(lime, cement and asphalt emulsion) applied in base and subbase of pavements. The scope of this study was divided into four phases, i) characterization tests, ii) physical stabilization, iii) chemical stabilization and determination of heavy metals in the sludge, and iv) addition of 10% of textile sludge and chemical stabilizers(lime, cement, and asphalt emulsion) in amounts of 3%, 5% and 7% as additives in a soil, based on the results obtained in the second phase. Test results indicated that the stabilization of mixtures of soil with textile sludge has the potential to be used in pavement layers(base and subbase). The addition of cement promotes the best chemical stabilization for the sludge. The use of textile sludge stabilization presents greater environmental benefits, given the malfunctions and problems that the incorrect waste disposal can cause to the environment.

关键词： Road engineering Soil stabilization Additives Textile sludge Pavement materials Chemical stabilization

On the canonical map of surfaces with q≥6

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Science China Mathematics 2011年第8期54卷 1725-1739页

作者： MENDES lopes Margarida PARDINI Rita PIROLA Gian Pietro Departamento de Matem'atica Instituto Superior TcnicoUniversidade Tcnica de LisboaAv.Rovisco PaisLisboa 1049-001Portugal Dipartimento di Matematica Università di PisaLargo B.Pontecorvo 5Pisa 56127Italy Dipartimento di Matematica Università di PaviaVia Ferrata 1Pavia 27100Italy

We carry out an analysis of the canonical system of a minimal complex surface S of general type with irregularity q > *** this analysis,we are able to sharpen in the case q > 0 the well-known Castelnuovo inequality KS2≥3pg(S) + q(S)-*** we turn to the study of surfaces with pg=2q-3 and no fibration onto a curve of genus > *** prove that for q≥6 the canonical map is *** this result with the analysis of the canonical system,we also prove the inequality:KS2≥7χ(S) + *** improves an earlier result of Mendes lopes and Pardini (2010).

关键词： canonical map of surfaces of general type irregular surfaces curves on irregular surfaces lower bounds for c12 low degree pencils on rational surfaces

Soil organic carbon storage in forest restoration models and environmental conditions

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1123-1134页

作者： Ranieri Ribeiro Paula Miguel Calmon Maria Leonor lopes-Assad Eduardo de SáMendonça Departamento de Agronomia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção VegetalUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoAlto UniversitárioGuararemaAlegreEspírito Santo CEP 29500-000Brazil World Resources Institute SalvadorBahia CEP 40290-040Brazil Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Proteção Ambiental Universidade Federal de São CarlosArarasSão Paulo CEP 13600-970Brazil

The scale of forest and landscape restoration is expected to increase during the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and its contribution to the provision of critical ecosystem services to *** models of forest restoration may improve ecosystem services,including soil organic carbon(SOC)storage.A review was carried out to access:(1)the variability of SOC storage between worldwide forest restoration models and,(2)the effects of climate,soil class,soil texture,and vegetation type on SOC *** reviewed 119 primary studies with information on SOC and soil texture for different forest restoration *** restoration models were grouped into four categories:natural regeneration,monocultures,agroforestry,and mixed *** data was extracted from these four restoration models,other land uses(cropland,bare land,grassland,and natural forest),climate regimes,and soil *** SOC storage in the forest restoration models and other land uses at a global scale ranged between 0.1 to 514 Mg ha^(-1).The overall mean value for SOC storage was higher for natural regeneration(112 Mg ha^(-1)),followed by agroforestry(74 Mg ha^(-1)),mixed forest(73 Mg ha^(-1)),and monocultures(68 Mg ha^(-1)).However,the average SOC storage was similar among the four restoration models in the moist warm climate *** SOC storage mean value in the moist cool zone was 23%higher than the dry cool zone(81 and 62 Mg ha^(-1),respectively),and 50%higher for the moist warm zone when compared to the dry warm climatic zone(74 and 38 Mg ha^(-1),respectively).The SOC storage of the restoration models was positively related to soil depth(0.59;p<0.01),clay content(0.29;p<0.01),and stand age(0.17;p<0.01).Globally,the mean values of SOC storage were 26,66,and 139 Mg ha^(-1) at zero-10,zero-30,and zero-100 cm depths,*** addition,sandy soils showed smaller mean values of SOC storage than medium to clay soils,especially in deeper soil ***,SOC storage was positively re

关键词： Forest restoration Land uses Soil type Soil texture Climate

Kinetics of Hydrogen Molecules in MAGNUM-PSI

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Plasma Science and Technology 2008年第2期10卷 162-169页

作者： M.BAEVA W.J.GOEDHEER N.J.lopes CARDOZO Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology Felix-Hausdorf-Str. 2 D-17489 Greifswald Germany FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM Trilateral Euregio Cluster P. O. Box 1207 3430 BE Nieuwegein The Netherlands

Results from simulations of plasma and neutrals under conditions predictively characterizing the detached plasma regime in the linear machine MAGNUM-PSI are presented. The relaxation of the vibrationally excited hydrogen molecules is investigated in order to establish a relation between their relaxation and dwell times, and the role of the varions mechanisms of the molecular vibrational kinetics. Tile results obtained show that the individual vibrational states have to be inclllded in the transport code for neutrals as distinct species, since the relaxation time of tile vibrational states is sufficiently longer than the typical dwell time of hydrogen molecules in the detached plasma region. The parameters of plasma and neutrals are affected by the transport of the vibrationally excited hydrogen lnolecnles. Furthermore. the rate of molecular reconlbination is overestimated by a factor of - 5 provided that the transport of ilydrogen molecules only in their ground vibrational state is considered. The role of the various processes of vibrational kinetics is studied. The vibrational excitation through singlet electronic states ires a strong influence on the molecular densities for levels with vibrational quantum numbers v≥ 5. Vibration-vibration （V-V） collisions between vibrationally excited hydrogen molecules and vibration-translation （V-T） collisions between vibrationally excited hydrogen molecules and ground state molecules and atoms are of nlinor importance in MAGNUM-PSI.

关键词： vibrational relaxation hydrogen molecules. B2-Eirene simulation detached plasma

Comparative effects of insecticides with different mechanisms of action on Chrysoperla externa （Neuroptera＂ Chrysopidae）＂ Lethal, sublethal and dose-response effects

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Insect Science 2013年第6期20卷 743-752页

作者： Moises Joao Zotti Anderson Dionel Grutzmacher Isac Heres lopes Guy Smagghe UGent-Crop Protection Ghent Oost-Vlaanderen Belgium UFPel - Phytosanitary Pelotas RS Brazil

The comprehensive knowledge that the delayed systemic and reproduction side effects can be even more deleterious than acute toxicity, has caused a shift in focus toward sublethal effects assessment on physiology and behavior of beneficial insects. In this study, we assessed the risks posed by some insecticides with different mode of action through lethal and delayed systemic sublethal effects on the pupation, adult emergence, and repro- duction of the chrysopid Chrysoperla externa （Hagen, 1861; Neuroptera： Chrysopidae）, an important predator in pest biological control. The maximum field recommended dose （MFRD） and twice （2xMFRD） for chlorantraniliprole, tebufenozide, and pyriproxyfen were harmless to C. externa. In contrast, all the tested chitin synthesis inhibitors （CSIs） were highly detrimental to the predator, despite of their lack of acute lethal toxicity. There- fore, the safety assumed by using IGRs toward beneficial insects is not valid for chrysopids. Dose-response data showed that although all CSIs have a similar mechanism of action, the relative extent of toxicity may differ （novaluron 〉 lufenuron 〉 teflubenzuron）. For CSIs, the delayed systemic effects became obvious at adult emergence, where the predicted no observable effect dose （NOED） was 1/2 048 of the MFRD for novaluron （0.085 ng/insect）, and 1/256 of the MFRD for both lufenuron （0.25 ng/insect） and teflubenzuron （0.6 ng/insect）. Finally, this work emphasized the significance of performing toxicity risk assessments with an adequate posttreatment period to avoid underestimating the toxicities of insecticides, as the acute lethal toxicity assays may not provide accurate information regarding the long-range effects of hazardous compounds.

关键词： Chrysoperla externa dose-response effects ecotoxicology IGRs insecti-cide risk assessment topical application

Explicit bivariate rate functions for large deviations in AR(1)and MA(1)processes with Gaussian innovations

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2023年第2期8卷 177-212页

作者： Maicon J.Karling Artur O.lopes Sílvia R.C.lopes Mathematics and Statistics Institute Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul91500-900 Porto AlegreRSBrazil

We investigate the large deviations properties for centered stationary AR(1)and MA(1)processes with independent Gaussian innovations,by giving the explicit bivariate rate functions for the sequence of two-dimensional random *** the Contraction Principle,we provide the explicit rate functions for the sample mean and the sample second *** the AR(1)case,we also give the explicit rate function for the sequence of two-dimensional random vectors(W_(n))n≥2=(n^(-1(∑_(k=1)^(n)X_(k),∑_(k=1)^(n)X_(k)^(2))))_(n∈N)n≥2,but we obtain an analytic rate function that gives different values for the upper and lower bounds,depending on the evaluated set and its intersection with the respective set of exposed points.A careful analysis of the properties of a certain family of Toeplitz matrices is *** large deviations properties of three particular sequences of one-dimensional random variables will follow after we show how to apply a weaker version of the Contraction Principle for our setting,providing new proofs for two already known results on the explicit deviation function for the sample second moment and Yule-Walker *** exhibit the properties of the large deviations of the first-order empirical autocovariance,its explicit deviation function and this is also a new result.

关键词： Autoregressive processes Empirical autocovariance Large deviations Moving average processes Sample moments Toeplitz matrices Yule-Walker estimator