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Segmented sedentary time and physical activity patterns throughout the week from wrist-worn ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers among children 7-12 years old

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第2期9卷 179-188页

作者： gillian mclellan Rosie Arthur Samantha Donnelly Duncan S.Buchan School of Health and Life Sciences The University of the West of ScotlandInstitute of Clinical Exercise and Health ScienceBlantyreG72 OLHScotlandUK

Background:This study examined the volume and patterns of physical activity(PA) and sedentary time(ST) across different segments of the week among boys and ***:A total of 188 children aged 7-12 years wore a wrist-mounted ActiGraph GT3 X+accelerometer for 7 *** spent in PA and ST was calculated using ActiLife *** mean number of minutes of light PA,moderate PA,vigorous PA,moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),and ST were calculated per weekday(before school,during school,and after school) and per weekend day(morning and afternoon-evening).Results:After school represented the greatest accumulation of ST compared with before school and during school *** engaged in225.4 min/day of ST(95% confidence interval(CI):216-235),and girls engaged in 222.2 min/day of ST(95%CI:213-231).During school,boys engaged in significantly more MVPA than girls(46.1 min/day(95%CI:44-48) vs.40.7 min/day(95%CI:39-43)).Across the whole weekday,boys participated in significantly more MVPA than girls(103.9 min/day(95%CI:99-109) vs.95.7 min/day(95%CI:90-101)).The weekend afternoon—evening segment represented the larger accumulation of ST,where boys were significantly more sedentary than girls(367.5 min/day(95%CI:353-382) vs.339.8 min/day(95%CI:325-355),respectively).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that children are highly sedentary and spend little of their time in school in MVPA,especially *** breaks in school elicit increases in light PA and *** work should consider the use of more active breaks within school time to encourage PA and reduce ST.

关键词： Accelerometry School Segments Weekday Youth

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Mantle plumes: Why the current skepticism?

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第15期50卷 1555-1560页

作者： gillian R. Foulger Department of Earth Sciences Science Laboratories University of Dur-ham South Rd. Durham DH1 3LE U.K.

The present reappraisal of the mantle plume hypothesis is perhaps the most exciting current debate in Earth science. Nevertheless, the fundamental reasons for why it has arisen are often not well understood. They are that 1) many observations do not agree with the predictions of the original model, 2) it is possible that convection of the sort required to generate thermal plumes in the Earth’s mantle does not occur, 3) so many variants of the original model have been invoked to accommodate conflicting data that the plume hypthesis is in practice no longer testable, and 4) al-ternative models are viable, though these have been largely neglected by researchers. Regardless of the final outcome, the present vigorous debate is to be welcomed since it is likely to stimulate new discoveries in a way that unquestioning acceptance of the conventional plume model will not.

关键词：地质学火山热量对流移动覆盖物地球科学

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Being Chinese or Being Different:Chinese Undergraduates’Use of Discourses of Chineseness

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Frontiers of Education in China 2014年第3期9卷 303-326页

作者： gillian SKYRME School of Humanities Massey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand

Myths about“the Chinese learner”developed from an outsider perspective abound in the Western *** focus of this article,however,is how discourses of Chineseness were used by the Chinese international students themselves who,as undergraduate students in a New Zealand university,were the subjects of my doctoral *** examines the students’notions of Chineseness and how these served in explaining their own narratives,either through identifying with,or distancing themselves from,“Chinese”traits,indicating alternatively a shared experience of the challenges of the new academic culture,or marking themselves out as having a special ability to thrive within *** way they used them,the discourses seemed to serve a purpose of fortifying their sense of identity and *** the end of their study,they were able to reflect carefully on their experiences and discuss new third space identities in which both Chinese and New Zealand values were forging new realities for them.

关键词： Chinese undergraduate Chinese identity negotiation of identity

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Rare case of sclerosing mesenteritis and low grade follicular lymphoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2016年第4期4卷 108-111页

作者： Seema Shah gillian Mahy Enrico Roche the Townsville Hospital

An unusual case of long standing sclerosing mesenteritis;initially presented with recurrent abdominal pain and a mesenteric mass with surrounding fat oedema and stranding with a pseudocapsule and fat ring sign were clearly visualised on the initial computed tomography *** showed diffuse thickening at the root of the mesentery and histology from this specimen revealed fat necrosis and reactive lymphoid tissue consistent with sclerosing *** treatment with steroids and tamoxifen relieved the symptoms and the *** was maintained on *** years later he developed a recurrence of his symptoms and abdominal mass that responded to a course of *** years following this,he developed a follicular Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

关键词： Sclerosing mesenteritis Computerised tomography scan Magnetic resonance imaging scans Tamoxifen Steroids Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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Alice in space

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作者： gillian Beer.

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Apoptosis is not an invariable component of in vitro models of cortical cerebral ischaemia

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Cell Research 2004年第3期14卷 241-250页

作者： Paul Alexander JONES,gillian Ruth MAY,Joyce Ann MCLUCKIE,Akinori IWASHITA,John SHARKEY Fujisawa Institute of Neuroscience Division of Neuroscience University of Edinburgh 1 George Square Edinburgh UK Medical Information Eli Lilly and Company Ltd Lilly House Priestley Road Basingstoke RG24 9NL UK Fujisawa Institute of Neurosdence Division of Neuroscience University of Edinburgh 1 George Square Edinburgh UK Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories Fujisawa Pharmaceuticals Co.Ltd. 2-1-6 Kashima Yodogawa-ku Osaka 532-5814 Japan Fujisawa Institute of Neuroscience Division of Neuroscience University of Edinburgh 1 George Square Edinburgh UK

Characterising the mechanisms of cell death following focal cerebral ischaemia has been hampered by a lack of an in vitro assay emulating both the apoptotic and necrotic features observed in vivo. The present study systematically characterised oxygen-glucose-deprivation (OGD) in primary rat cortical neurones to establish a reproducible model with components of both cell-death endpoints. OGD induced a time-dependent reduction in cell viability, with 80% cell death occurring 24 h after 3 h exposure to 0% O2 and 0.5 mM glucose. Indicative of a necrotic component to OGD induced cell death, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor inhibition with MK-801 attenuated neuronal loss by 60%. The lack of protection by the caspase inhibitors DEVD-CHO and z-VAD-fmk suggested that under these conditions neurones did not die by an apoptotic mechanism. Moderating the severity of the insult by decreasing OGD exposure to 60 min did not reduce the amount of necrosis, but did induce a small degree of apoptosis (a slight reductio

关键词： oxygen-glucose-deprivation caspase cortical necrosis.

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Metabolism of tissue macrophages in homeostasis and pathology

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 384-408页

作者： Stefanie K.Wculek gillian Dunphy Ignacio Heras-Murillo Annalaura Mastrangelo David Sancho Immunobiology Laboratory Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares(CNIC)Melchor Fernández Almagro 3Madrid28029Spain

Cellular metabolism orchestrates the intricate use of tissue fuels for catabolism and anabolism to generate cellular energy and structural *** emerging field of immunometabolism highlights the importance of cellular metabolism for the maintenance and activities of immune *** are embryo-or adult bone marrow-derived leukocytes that are key for healthy tissue homeostasis but can also contribute to pathologies such as metabolic syndrome,atherosclerosis,fibrosis or *** metabolism has largely been studied in ***,different organs contain diverse macrophage populations that specialize in distinct and often tissue-specific *** context specificity creates diverging metabolic challenges for tissue macrophage populations to fulfill their homeostatic roles in their particular microenvironment and conditions their response in pathological ***,we outline current knowledge on the metabolic requirements and adaptations of macrophages located in tissues during homeostasis and selected diseases.

关键词： Tissue macrophages metabolism homeostasis pathology tissue regeneration

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Brains for Dementia Research: The Importance of Cohorts in Brain Banking

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 289-294页

作者： Paul T.Francis gillian M.Hayes Helen Costello David R.Whitfield Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases King's College London

Background:The Historical Importance of Studies of Human Brain in Dementia Research The collection of brain and related tissue has a long history(1)In terms of dementia,a more systematic examination of the relationship between brain pathology and clinical symptoms can be traced to Alois Alzheimer’s group in Munich in the early 1900s(2)The use of human brain tissue is essential to increase our understanding of dementia as it gives us the gold standard of disease pathogenesis and clues as to the molecular mechanisms that underpin the various diseases and conditions.

关键词： Importance of Cohorts Dementia Research mechanisms

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Non-pharmacological therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: Recommendations for self-care and physician guidance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3055-3070页

作者： Whitney Duff Natasha Haskey gillian Potter Jane Alcorn Paulette Hunter Sharyle Fowler College of Kinesiology University of Saskatchewan Irving K Barber School of Arts and Science University of British Columbia-Okanagan Department of Psychology University of Saskatchewan College of Pharmacy and Nutrition University of Saskatchewan St Thomas More College University of Saskatchewan Department of Medicine University of Saskatchewan

We performed a scoping review on sought-after complementary therapies for patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), specifically diet, physical activity and exercise(PA/E), and psychotherapy. We aim to update patients with IBD on therapies for self-care and provide physicians with guidance on how to direct their patients for the management of IBD. A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED was completed in Sept 2016. Studies on diet, PA/E, or psychotherapy in patients with IBD were included. Medical Subject Heading terms and Boolean operators were used. The search was limited to full-text English articles describing an adult population. This review included 67 studies: Diet(n = 19); PA/E(n = 19); and psychotherapy(n = 29). We have made the following recommendations:(1) Diet: Consumption of diets rich in vegetables, fruit and soluble fiber may be beneficial in IBD. A trial of a low FODMAP diet can be considered in those patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms. Restrictive diets are lacking in evidence and should be avoided;(2) PA/E: Regular lowmoderate intensity activity, including cardiovascular and resistance exercise, has been shown to improve quality of life(QOL) and may improve inflammation; and(3) psychotherapy: Therapies such as cognitive-behavioural interventions, mindfulness, hypnosis, and stress management have been shown to improve QOL, but evidence is limited on their impact on anxiety, depression, and disease activity. Overall, these complementary therapies are promising and should be used to treat patients with IBD from a more holistic perspective.

关键词： Scoping review Inflammatory bowel disease Diet Exercise Psychotherapy

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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2013年第4期10卷 369-376页

作者： Marzia Rigollil gillian A Whalley Awhina Health Campus Waitakere Hospital Waitemata District Health Board Private Bag93-503 Auckland New Zealand Division of Cardiology University of Verona Ospedale Maggiore Pie Stefani 1 37126 Verona Italy Faculty of Social and Health Sciences Unitec Institute of Technology Private Bag92025 Auckland NewZealand

Progressive aging of the population and prolonga tion of life expect ancy have led to the ris ng prevalence of heart failure (HF)。Despitethe improvements in medical therapy，the mortality rate of this condition has remained unaccept ably high，becoming t heprimary cause ofdeath in the elderly popul at ion。Almost half of patient swith signs and symptoms of HF are f ound to have a nearly normal ejection fraction，which delineates a distinctclinical syndrome 。known as HF with preserved ejection fraction(HF-PEF) 。While early research focused on the importance of diastolicdys function，more recent studies reported the pathophysological compl exity of the disease with multiple cardiovas 。cular abnormalities contributing to its development and progression。HF-PEF is a challenging maj or health problem with yet no solution as there is no evidence。Based treatment which improves clinical out comes。This review summarizes the state of current knowledge on diagnosis，prognosis and treatment of HF。PEF，with particul ar insights on the pathological characteristics in the elderly population。

关键词： Diastole Echocardiography Mortality Preserved ejection fraction Heart failure

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