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Viral Hepatitis B and C Detection among Ebola Survivors and Health Care Workers in Makeni, Sierra Leone

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第10期8卷 18-32页

作者： Nadege Goumkwa Mafopa Marta Giovanetti Raoul Emeric Guetiya Wadoum Antonella Minutolo Claude Kwe Yinda gianluca russo Béatrice Dambaya Georges Teto Georgia Ambada Patrick Turay Judith Torimiro Alexis Ndjolo Vittorio Colizzi Carla Montesano Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management Yaoundé Cameroon University of Roma “Tor Vergata” Rome Italy National Institute of Health-ISS Rome Italy University of Makeni Sierra Leone National Institute of Health (NIH) Intramural Research Program (IRP) Hamilton Montana USA University di Roma “Sapienza” Rome Italy Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Holy Spirit Hospital Makeni Sierra Leone Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Viral hepatitis B and C infections are among the leading cause of death in Sub-Saharan Africa. Lack of knowledge and awareness in the general population as in health care settings may enhance the propagation of these diseases. We aimed at determining the prevalence of HBV and HCV in Ebola survivors and health care workers (HCWs) of the Makeni town in Sierra Leone. We conducted a cross-sectional study during the last 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak in Makeni among Ebola survivors (N = 68) and 81 Health care workers from Holy Spirit hospital and Loreto clinic, two health care facilities in Makeni district. Serological markers of HBV (HBs Ag, anti-HBs Ab and anti-HBc Ab) and anti-HCV antibodies detection were done using ELISA techniques. The positive detection rates for HBs Ag, anti-HBs Ab and anti-HBc antibodies in Ebola survivors were 23.53% (16/68), 32.35% (22/68) and 88.89% (16/18) respectively. Survivors with a current HBV infection had a positive rate of 38.89% (7/18) and 16.66% (3/18) of them were considered immune due to past HBV infection. HCV prevalence was 26.47% (18/68) and about 10.29% (7/68) were HBV/HCV co-infected. The positive detection rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs Ab and anti-HBc Ab were 37.07% (30/81), 33.33% (27/81) and 30.86% (25/81) respectively in health care workers. We observed that 4.94% (4/81) of the HCWs were currently infected with HBV. Participants considered as immune due to past infection represented 23.47% (19/81) and those immune due to vaccination represented 2.47% (2/81). The prevalence of HCV infection among health staff was 2.47% (2/81) with 1.23% (1/81) being HBV/HCV co-infection. Our findings showed that viral hepatitis infection is a burden for Sierra Leone government. There is an urgent need to develop and implement strategies that could improve population immunization against HBV and vulgarization of HCV treatment programs.

关键词： Viral Hepatitis B and C Ebola Survivors Health Care Workers

Immunoglobulin G Specific Antibody Level against Ebola Viral Glycoprotein and Nucleoprotein in Ebola Virus Disease Survivors and Their Relatives

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第4期9卷 179-196页

作者： Nadège Goumkwa Mafopa Raoul Emeric Guetiya Wadoum Marta Giovanetti Antonella Minutolo Béatrice Dambaya Claude Kwe Yinda gianluca russo Georges Teto Georgia Ambada Patrick Turay Judith Torimiro Alexis Ndjolo Jules Roger Kuate Vittorio Colizzi Carla Montesano Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management Yaoundé Cameroon University of Roma “Tor Vergata” Rome Italy Department of Biochemistry University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Departement of Public Health University of Makeni Makeni Sierra Leone National Institute of Health—ISS Rome Italy Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Intramural Research Program National Institute of Health Bethesda Maryland USA University di Roma “Sapienza” Rome Italy Holy Spirit Hospital Makeni Makeni Sierra Leone Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Ebola virus disease is a complex zoonosis that is highly virulent in humans. Despite its sorely pathogenic and lethal nature, survivors of this infection and even asymptomatic cases are able to develop both humoral and cellular immunity against several Ebola virus (EBOV) proteins. We aimed at determining immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies level against two Ebola viral antigens, the glycoprotein and the nucleoprotein in Ebola survivors and their relatives. Anti-EBOV glycoprotein (GP) and nucleoprotein (NP) IgG antibodies were quantified using ELISA. We enrolled 199 participants in two different sites as follow: 91 survivors at the Loreto clinic and 70 survivors with 38 relatives of Sierra Leone Association of Ebola Survivors Bombali Branch (SLAESB) tested for anti-EBOV NP and anti-EBOV GP IgG antibodies. Our findings revealed that the median anti-EBOV IgG level among survivors was 5.7128 U/ml [IQR: 2.793 - 7.783] for anti-EBOV GP IgG and 4.431 U/ml [IQR: 2.083 - 7.696] for anti-EBOV NP IgG. Survivors relatives had a median anti-EBOV GP IgG level of ?0.7128 U/ml [IQR: -0.903 to -0.04327] and -2.711 U/ml [IQR: -4.01 to -1.918] for anti-EBOV NP IgG. We observed that IgG levels in survivors were higher than in relatives with a significant difference of about 0.0001. The median value of anti-EBOV IgG level among seropositive relatives was 0.7043 U/ml [IQR: 0.5686 to 3.716] for anti-EBOV GP IgG and 4.05 U/ml [IQR: 0.2765 to 7.759] for anti-EBOV NP IgG respectively. Interestingly, we observed that 3.30% of Loreto clinic survivors did not developed anti-EBOV NP IgG antibodies;also about 10% survivors of the SLAESB were not reactive to anti-EBOV NP IgG and 1.43% of these survivors did not express antibodies against the Ebola viral glycoprotein. Our work is consistent with previous published studies showing heterogeneity in both survivors and asymptomatic cases of Ebola infection developing adaptive immunity against EBOV proteins.

关键词： Immunoglobulin IgG Level Ebola Survivors and Relatives Glycoprotein and Nucleoprotein

Exploiting European GNSS and Ethereum in location proof systems

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1018-1037页

作者： gianluca Lax Antonia russo DIIES Dept. University Mediterranea of Reggio CalabriaReggio CalabriaItaly

Location-Based Services(LBSs)are essential in many application contexts like ride-sharing or navigation *** are cases where users could gain an advantage by submitting fake *** problem faced in this paper concerns the possibility that the geographic location declared by a user is not the actual location in which the user is *** solutions are based on centralized or distributed verification in the literature,and other solutions are based on witnesses or *** this paper,we highlight the limitations of such approaches and propose a new scheme that exploits signals coming from satellites to provide trustworthy location proofs,also respecting users'*** proposed approach is decentralized because location proofs are stored by users in a suitably-encrypted way,and a blockchain is adopted to guarantee data integrity and *** show that the proposed approach overcomes the state of the art through a detailed analysis.

关键词： Localization location privacy location-based services blockchain Galileo

An Ethereum-based solution for energy trading in smart grids

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 194-202页

作者： Francesco Buccafurri gianluca Lax Lorenzo Musarella Antonia russo Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria DIIESReggio CalabriaItaly

The need for a flexible,dynamic,and decentralized energy market has rapidly grown in recent *** a matter of fact,Industry 4.0 and Smart Grids are pursuing a path of automation of operations to insure all the steps among consumers and producers are getting *** leads towards solutions that exploit the paradigm of public blockchain,which represents the best platform to design flat and liquid markets for which providing trust and accountability to mutual interactions becomes *** the other hand,one of the risks arising in this situation is that personal information is exposed to the network,with intolerable threats to *** this paper,we propose a solution for energy trading,based on the blockchain Ethereum and Smart *** solution aims to be a concrete proposal to satisfy the needs of energy trading in smart grids,including the important feature that no information about the identity of the peers of the network is disclosed in advance.

关键词： Blockchain Smart contract Accountability Smart energy Smart grids

Stem cells sources for intervertebral disc regeneration

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第5期8卷 185-201页

作者： gianluca Vadalà Fabrizio russo Luca Ambrosio Mattia Loppini Vincenzo Denaro Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome

Intervertebral disc regeneration field is rapidly growing since disc disorders represent a major health problem in industrialized countries with very few possible ***, current available therapies are symptomatic, and surgical procedures consist in disc removal and spinal fusion, which is not immune to regardable concerns about possible comorbidities, cost-effectiveness, secondary risks and long-lasting outcomes. This review paper aims to share recent advances in stem cell therapy for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. In literature the potential use of different adult stem cells for intervertebral disc regeneration has already been reported. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, adipose tissue derived stem cells, synovial stem cells, muscle-derived stem cells, olfactory neural stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, disc stem cells, and embryonic stem cells have been studied for this purpose either in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, several engineered carriers(e.g., hydrogels), characterized by full biocompatibility and prompt biodegradation, have been designed and combined with different stem cell types in order to optimize the local and controlled delivery of cellular substrates in situ. The paper overviews the literature discussing the current status of our knowledge of the different stem cells types used as a cell-based therapy for disc regeneration.

关键词： Stem cells Intervertebral disc degeneration Spine Tissue engineering Cell therapy

Meniscus tears treatment:The good,the bad and the ugly-patterns classification and practical guide

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第4期14卷 171-185页

作者： Roberto Simonetta Arcangelo russo Michelangelo Palco Giuseppe gianluca Costa Pier Paolo Mariani Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology Villa del Sole ClinicCatanzaro 88100Italy Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit Umberto I HospitalEnna 94100Italy Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology Villa Stuart Sport Clinic-FIFA Medical Centre of ExcellenceRoma 00135Italy

Over the years,several studies demonstrated the crucial role of knee menisci in joint *** a result,save the meniscus has become the new imperative nowadays,and more and more studies addressed this *** huge amount of data on this topic may create confusion in those who want to approach this *** aim of this review is to provide a practical guide for treatment of meniscus tears,including an overview of technical aspects,outcomes in the literature and personal *** inspiration from a famous movie directed by Sergio Leone in 1966,the authors classified meniscus tears in three categories:The good,the bad and the ugly *** inclusion in each group was determined by the lesion pattern,its biomechanical effects on knee joint,the technical challenge,and *** classification is not intended to substitute the currently proposed classifications on meniscus tears but aims at offering a readerfriendly narrative review of an otherwise difficult ***,the authors provide a concise premise to deal with some aspects of menisci phylogeny,anatomy and biomechanics.

关键词： Meniscus Meniscus anatomy Meniscus tear Meniscus repair Root lesion Ramp lesion

Depression and chronic heart failure in the elderly： an intriguing relationship

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第6期15卷 451-459页

作者： Ilaria Liguori Gennaro russo Francesco Curcio Giuseppe Sasso David Della-Morte Gaetano Gargiulo Flora Pirozzi Francesco Cacciatore Domenico Bonaduce Pasquale Abete gianluca Testa Department of Translational Medical Sciences University of Naples 'Federico Ⅱ' Naples Italy Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome ltaly IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Rome Italy Division of Internal Medicine A OU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi di Aragona Salerno Italy Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli Monaldi Hospital Heart Transplantation Unit Naples Italy Department of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Molise Campobasso Italy

Chronic heart failure and depressive disorders have a high prevalence and incidence in the elderly. Several studies have shown how depression tends to exacerbate coexisting chronic heart failure and its clinical outcomes and vice versa, especially in the elderly. The negative synergism between chronic heart failure and depression in the elderly may be approached only taking into account the multifaceted pathophysiological characteristics underlying both these conditions, such as behavioural factors, neurohormonal activation, inflammatory mediators, hypercoagulability and vascular damage. Nevertheless, the pathophysiological link between these two conditions is not well established yet. Despite the high prevalence of depression in chronic heart failure elderly patients and its negative prognostic value, it is often unrecognized especially because of shared symptoms. So the screening of mood disorders, using reliable questionnaires, is recommended in elderly patients with chronic heart failure, even if cannot substitute a diagnostic interview by mental health professionals. In this setting, treatment of depression requires a multidisciplinary approach including： psychotherapy, antidepressants, exercise training and electroconvulsive therapy. Pharmacological therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, despite conflicting results, improves quality of life but does not guarantee better outcomes. Exercise training is effective in improving quality of life and prognosis but at the same time cardiac rehabilitation services are vastly underutilized.

关键词： Chronic heart failure Depression The elderly

Resilience analysis of road tunnels subject to refurbishment work

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Digital Transportation and Safety

Digital Transportation and Safety 2023年第3期2卷 190-199页

作者： Ciro Caliendo Isidoro russo gianluca Genovese Department of Civil Engineering University of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II132-84084 FiscianoSAItaly

After some tragic fire events,Directive 2004/54/EC was issued to ensure a minimum safety level for tunnels belonging to the Trans-European Road Network longer than 500 ***,most of the Italian road tunnels are still not in compliance with the minimum safety requirements,thus refurbishment works are often *** developing a traffic macro-simulation model,this paper aims at assessing the resilience of an existing twin-tube motorway tunnel when one of its tubes is partially or completely closed due to planned *** scenarios were investigated,also considering the availability or not of an alternative itinerary in the surrounding transportation *** average vehicles’speed was used as a functionality parameter,while the resilience metrics were the resilience loss,the recovery speed,and the resilience *** findings showed higher resilience losses for complete closure rather than partial closure of the tube under planned refurbishment *** implementation of digital technologies,such as variable message signs,might reduce the resilience loss of the tunnel *** research might represent a reference for tunnel management agencies in the choice of the most appropriate traffic control strategy to improve tunnel resilience in the event of planned activities.

关键词： Road tunnels Resilience Refurbishment works Traffic simulation Digital technologies

Evaluation and comparison of short chain fatty acids composition in gut diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第36期25卷 5543-5558页

作者： Elena Niccolai Simone Baldi Federica Ricci Edda russo Giulia Nannini Marta Menicatti Giovanni Poli Antonio Taddei gianluca Bartolucci Antonino Salvatore Calabrò Francesco Claudio Stingo Amedeo Amedei Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence 50134 Italy Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Florence 50134 Italy Department of Neurosciences Psychology Drug Research and Child Health Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences University of Florence Florence 50134 Italy Department of Statistics Computer Science Applications “G.Parenti” Florence 50134 Italy Department of Biomedicine Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi Florence 50134 Italy

BACKGROUND An altered (dysbiosis) and unhealthy status of the gut microbiota is usually responsible for a reduction of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. SCFAs obtained from the carbohydrate fermentation processes are crucial in maintaining gut homeostasis and their determination in stool samples could provide a faster, reliable and cheaper method to highlight the presence of an intestinal dysbiosis and a biomarker for various gut diseases. We hypothesize that different intestinal diseases, such as celiac disease (CD), adenomatous polyposis (AP) and colorectal cancer (CRC) could display a particular fecal SCFAs’ signature. AIM To compare the fecal SCFAs’ profiles of CD, AP, CRC patients and healthy controls, using the same analytical method. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we defined and compared the SCFAs’ concentration in fecal samples of 9 AP, 16 CD, 19 CRC patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). The SCFAs’ analysis were performed using a gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method. Data analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon ranksum test to assess pairwise differences of SCFAs’ profiles, partial least squaresdiscriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to determine the status membership based on distinct SCFAs’ profiles, and Dirichlet regression to determine factors influencing concentration levels of SCFAs. RESULTS We have not observed any difference in the SCFAs’ amount and composition between CD and healthy control. On the contrary, the total amount of SCFAs was significantly lower in CRC patients compared to HC (P = 0.044) and CD (P = 0.005). Moreover, the SCFAs’ percentage composition was different in CRC and AP compared to HC. In detail, HC displayed higher percentage of acetic acid (P value = 1.3 × 10-6) and a lower amount of butyric (P value = 0.02192), isobutyric (P value = 7.4 × 10-5), isovaleric (P value = 0.00012) and valeric (P value = 0.00014) acids compared to CRC patients. AP showed a lower abundance of acetic acid (P value = 0.

关键词： Short chain fatty acids Microbiota Colorectal cancer Adenoma Celiac disease