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Do subtropical grasslands recover spontaneously after afforestation?

Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 228-234页

作者： Fábio Piccin Torchelsen Monica Cadenazzi gerhard ernst overbeck Departamento de Botânica Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGSAv.Bento Gonçalves 9500-Bloco IV-Prédio 43433Porto AlegreRSCEP 91501-970Brazil Facultad de Agronomía Universidad de La Republica-UdelaRPaysandúUruguay

Aims South American Pampa grasslands are habitats of great conservation interest,with a distinct and rich flora,but have been intensely con-verted to other land uses,including tree *** neces-sity for restoration grows,no information on restoration potential of grasslands after afforestation ***,we aim at analyzing composition and structure of grassland vegetation with a history of eucalyptus plantations in order to assess recovery potential of these *** hypothesized that areas with history of eucalyptus would differ from reference grasslands with no history of land-use change in terms of floristic and functional composition and would present lower species *** Our study region comprised four sites in the southeastern part of the Pampa biome,in the coastal plain in the extreme south of Brazil,always with sites with long(50 years)history of eucalyptus plantation and reference *** sampled vegetation at post-eucalyptus sites(with and without resprouting)10 years after clear-clutting and in natural *** analyzed data by analysis of variance and ordination techniques,considering compositional parameters and life forms,and indicator species *** Findings Species richness and vegetation cover were higher in reference grassland than in resprout areas but did not differ from post-eucalyp-tus *** species cover was significantly higher in areas with afforestation *** terms of total composition,natural grasslands differed significantly from areas with past plantation *** species analyses revealed considerable differences between grass-land *** conclusion,vegetation development led to grassland communities that are still quite distinct from reference ***,the specificity of grassland management has a high importance in defining vegetation trajectories in time and importance for grassland recovery,and restoration needs to be addressed in more studies.

关键词： Campos Sulinos conservation Pampa restoration southern Brazil vegetation management

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Protection of small-cell lung cancer circulating tumor cells by cellular fragmentation

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 345-354页

作者： Barbara Rath Adelina Plangger Doris Moser Maximilian Hochmair ernst Ulsperger gerhard Hamilton Department of Vascular Surgery Medical University of ViennaVienna A-1190Austria Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery Medical University of ViennaVienna A-1090Austria Hospital Floridsdorf Vienna A-1210Austria Hospital Horn Horn A-3580Austria

Aim:Small-cell lung cancer(SCLC)disseminates aggressively and may exhibit high chemoresistance and poor survival *** this study,we aimed to investigate a new mechanism of drug resistance for SCLC circulating tumor cells(CTCs).Methods:SCLC CTC cell lines(n=4)which shed cellular fragments(MAT),as demonstrated by light and scanning electron microscopy,are compared to permanent SCLC *** proteins are detected by proteome arrays and the functional impact of MAT is studied using cytotoxicity tests involving cisplatin and ***:The SCLC CTC lines revealed layers of attached cellular fragments with a range of decreasing sizes from intact cells(approximately 12μm)down to small debris(approximately 2μm)which are not detectable in permanent SCLC *** SCLC CTC clusters represent cores of these fragment-coated *** profiling of MAT revealed a protein pattern similar to intact *** tests employing SCLC and SCLC CTC lines with chemotherapeutics used in therapy of SCLC demonstrated an inhibitory activity of MAT on the resulting ***:Generation of cell-associated debris by SCLC CTCs offers protective effects against cytotoxic drugs,representing a novel mechanism allowing survival of SCLC CTCs in patients.

关键词： Small cell lung cancer circulating tumor cells shedding topotecan

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Therapy-Induced Changes of Gene Expression in a Matched Pair of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Cell Lines

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第4期3卷 442-451页

作者： gerhard Hamilton ernst Ulsperger Klaus Geissler Ulrike Olszewski Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology Vienna Austria

Extended stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) responds to platinum/vepeside-based first-line chemotherapy but relapses early as drug-resistant tumor associated with a dismal prognosis. A pair of SCLC cell lines obtained from a single patient at different time points during treatment allows for the investigation of the changes in gene expression prior to (GLC14) and following cycles of chemotherapy and irradiation (GLC19). GLC19 cells were reported to reveal an increased doubling time and exhibit increased chemoresistance to doxorubicin, etoposide, melphalan and vinblastine. Upregulated transcripts in GLC19, as assessed by microarray analysis, comprised proteins involved in regulation of cellular growth (NGFRAP1/BEX3), adhesion, glutathione metabolism and, in particular, WNT/Notch pathways and the putative cancer stem cell phenotype (CD44, ALDH1A1, and AKR1C1/13). Metallothioneins, tubulins TUBA3/4 and tumor protein p53 inducible protein 11 (TP53IP11) were downregulated in this cell line compared to GLC14. Except increased expression of glutathione transferases no classical markers of chemoresistance were found, pointing to a role of altered growth control/differentiation and reduced accessibility of this SCLC tumor cells growing as multicellular spheroids. In conclusion, treatment of this single SCLC with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and etoposide (CDE) followed by radiotherapy ultimately resulted in an enrichment of tumor cells displaying the typical signature of tumor-initiating or cancer stem cells (CIC/CSC).

关键词： Small Cell Lung Cancer GLC14 GLC19 Chemotherapy Chemoresistance Gene Expression Cancer-Initiating Cells

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Synergistic Anticancer Activity of Topotecan— Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Combinations against Drug-Resistant Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Cell Lines

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第8期4卷 47-53页

作者： gerhard Hamilton Ulrike Olszewski, Lukas Klameth ernst Ulsperger Klaus Geissler Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology Vienna Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology Vienna Austria.

Extended-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) responds to platinum/vepeside-based first-line chemotherapy but relapses rapidly as drug-resistant tumor. Topotecan (TPT) is the single chemotherapeutic agent approved for second-line treatment of SCLC. However, the response to TPT is short-lived and novel treatment modalities need to be developed. Sequential treatment of cytotoxic drugs and inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) showed promising preclinical anticancer activity and, in the present work, combinations of TPT with CDK inhibitors olomoucine, roscovitine and CDK4I are shown to exhibit synergistic cytotoxic activity against SCLC cell lines. Highest activity was found against TPT-resistant NCI-H417 and DMS153 cell lines and moderate chemosensitizing effects against a primary SCLC cell line and sensitive GLC19 cells at levels of CDK inhibitors which exerted low toxicity. A combination of 0.6 μM TPT with 0.6 μM roscovitine, exhibiting no significant cytotoxicity as single agents, reduced viability of the TPT-resistant NCI-H417 line (IC50 > 10 μM) by 50%. In the TPT resistant cell lines olomoucine and roscovitine, targeting CDK1,2,5,7, were highly effective, whereas in the more sensitive cell lines CDK4I, inhibiting mainly CDK4/6, showed activity. In NCI-417 cells, preincubation with roscovitine for one day proved synergistic with TPT. Thus, in good accordance with previous findings, CDK inhibitors are able to convert SCLC cancer cells which are cell-cycle arrested by a blockade of topoisomerase I by TPT to apoptotic cells. Since nowadays several CDK inhibitors are at various phases of clinical testing their combination with TPT seems to constitute a promising approach to improve second-line chemotherapy in SCLC.

关键词： Small Cell Lung Cancer Chemoresistance Topotecan CDK Inhibitor Olomoucine Roscovitine

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欧洲中央银行（ECB）

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城市环境设计 2020年第4期 162-173页

作者：沃尔夫·狄·普瑞克斯 Magdalena Baczkowska Markus Baumann Michael Beckert Johannes Behrens Hilde Benda Marcelo Bernardi Nico Boyer Jan Brosch Timo Carl Anna Rita Cedroni Jasmin Dieterle Sabrina Dlugosch Jan Ruben Fischer Brigitte Fuchs Sergio Gonzales Gesine G?rlich Martin Gruber Guthu Hallstein Sebastian Haffner Simone Hainz Sascha Hempel Rob Henderson Emanuele Iacono Martin Jelinek Rashmi Krishna Jois Ivana Jug Frank Pascal Kaul Matt Kirkham Daniela Kr?hnert Bernward Krone Christian Labud Anke Lammert Monika Lyzyczka Steven M Christian Maeder Dimitra Mamou Ariane Marx Christoph Maurer Matthias Niemeyer Martin Oberascher Ross Olson Renate Ott gerhard Pfeiler Ellen Pietrzyk James Pike Robert Pippan Jakob Przybylo Anna Ptaszynska Stephanie Rathgeber Carmen Renz Salome Reves Donna Riedel Akvile Rimantaite Pete Rose Penelope Rüttimann Stefan Rutzinger Oliver Sachse Kristina Schinegger Benjamin Schmidt Marita Schnepper Thomas Siegl Ebru Simsek-Lenk Denise Sokolowski Augustin Solorzano Anja Sorger Andrea St?llenwerk ernst Stockinger Crystal K.H Tang Jürgen Tiltmann Markus Tritthart Josef Tr?ster Günther Weber Andreas Weissenbach Clemens Werb Judith Werkh?user Markus Wings Eva Wolf Barbara Zeleny Thomas Zengger Zeyneb Badur Fabien Barthelemey Oliver Cassik Alejandro Corena Alexander Daxb?ck Mario Dign?ss Helmut Fr?tscher Annegret Haider Christian Halm Gregor Kassl Gernot K?fer Alexander Laber Anita Lischka Rangel Malinov Oliver Martinz Philipp Munz Barbara Roller Nicole Rumpler Wolfgang Ruthensteiner Stefan Salchinger Stefan Schadenb?ck Thomas Schwed Hannes Schwed Eckart Schwerdtfeger Sylvia Spernbauer Christoph Treberspurg Johannes Weigl Paul Raftery European Central Bank/RobertMetsch Markus Pillhofer

项目大事记/CHRONOLOGY竞赛/Competition:第一阶段/Phase 1:2003;第二阶段/Phase 2:2003-2004;修改阶段/Revision Phase:2004;优化阶段/Optimization Phase:2005规划设计起始时间/Start of Planning:2005前期工程/Preliminary Site Works:2008主体施工/Main Construction Works:2010竣工/Completion:2014项目参数/PROJECT DATA用地面积/Site Area:120 000m2建筑毛面积/Gross Floor Area:185 000m2

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