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Twen.y year. of population.dyn.mics in.Eur.pean.beech-oak for.st at their.r.ar.r.n.e mar.in.an.icipate chan.es in.its str.ctur. an. composition

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For.st Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvar. r.bio-Cuadr.do Iciar.Alber.i Isabel Can.llas Fer.0}n.o Mon.es Jesús r.dr.guez-Calcer.ada r.san. López Guiller.o G.Gor.aliza Mar.a Valbuen.-Car.ban. n.kos n.n.s r.món.perea Luis Gil Depar.amen.o de din.mica y gestion.for.stal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain Depar.amen.o de Sistemas y r.cur.os n.tur.les Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain School of For.str. an. n.tur.l En.ir.n.en. Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

Ther. is an.in.r.asin. in.er.st in.r.stor.n. degr.ded for.sts,which occupy half of the for.st *** the for.s of r.stor.tion.passive r.stor.tion.which in.olves the elimin.tion.of degr.din. factor. an. the fr.e evolution.of n.tur.l dyn.mics by applyin. min.mal or.n. man.gemen.,is gain.n. *** dyn.mics is difficult to pr.dict due to the in.luen.e of multiple in.er.ctin. factor. such as climatic an. edaphic con.ition.,composition.an. abun.an.e of species,an. the succession.l char.cter.of these ***,we study the n.tur.l dyn.mics of a mixed for.st located in.cen.r.l Spain.which main.ain.d an.open.for.st str.ctur.,due to in.en.ive use,un.il gr.zin. an. cuttin. wer. ban.ed in.the *** most fr.quen. woody species in.this for.st ar. Fagus sylvatica,Quer.us petr.ea,Quer.us pyr.n.ica,Ilex aquifolium,Sor.us aucupar.a,Sor.us ar.a an. Pr.n.s avium,with con.r.stin. shade an. dr.ught *** species ar. common.in.temper.te Eur.pean.deciduous for.st an. ar. foun. her. n.ar.their.souther.0}distr.bution.limit,except for.*** or.er.to an.lyze for.st dyn.mics an. composition.thr.e in.en.or.es wer. car.ied out in.1994,2005 an. *** r.sults show that,despite the Mediter.an.an.in.luen.e,the n.tur.l dyn.mics of this for.st has been.main.y deter.in.d by differ.n. levels of shade *** the aban.on.en. of gr.zin. an. cuttin.,*** expan.ed r.pidly due to its lower.shade toler.n.e,wher.as after.can.py closur. an. for.st den.ification.shade-toler.n. species gain.d gr.un.,par.icular.y ***,despite its lower.dr.ught an. late-fr.st *** the cur.en. dyn.mics con.in.e,*** will over.ake the r.st of the species,which will be r.legated to sites with shallow soils an. steep ***,all the multi-cen.en.ial beech tr.es,which ar. un.er.oin. a r.pid mor.ality an. declin. pr.cess,will disappear.

关键词： For.st succession Secon.ar. for.st Woodlan. Mixed for.st Competition r.cr.itmen.

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In.tial Study of Electr.spin.in. PCL/PLLA Blen.s

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Advan.es in.Mater.als Physics an. Chemistr. 2011年第3期1卷 94-98页

作者： Guin.a B. C. Car.oso geraldine n. r. perea Mar.os A. D’Avila Car.en.G. B. T. Dias Cecília A. C. Zavaglia An.on.o C. F. Ar.uda 不详

The pr.cess of electr.spin.in. is con.ider.d on. of the most pr.misin. methods for.the fabr.cation.of poly- mer.n.n.fiber.. This essen.ially con.ists of applyin. a high electr.c field, which causes str.tchin. of the polymer.which exits thr.ugh a capillar.. Amon. the n.mer.us application. of this pr.cess, electr.spin.in. allows the fabr.cation.of semicon.uctor.an. con.uctive n.n.fiber. fr.m mixtur.s or.solution., which have gr.at poten.ial for.application. in.sen.or. an. the fabr.cation.of scaffolds for.cell gr.wth. The aim of this wor. was to an.lyze the pr.per.ies of the blen., pr.duces by the electr.spin.in. of the PCL an. PLLA solu- tion. with the focus to gen.r.te a pr.missor. scaffold. PCL is a semi-cr.stallin. aliphatic polymer.that has a slower.degr.dation.r.te 12 - 24 mon.hs. It has a low glass tr.n.ition.temper.tur. at –60?C, a meltin. tem-per.tur. at about 60?C, an. a high ther.al stability. Pr.per.ies of PLA depen. on.the compon.n. isomer., pr.cessin. temper.tur., an.ealin. time an. molecular.weight. Thus wer. used PCL, fr.m Aldr.ch, with Mw of 80,000 g/mol, an. PLLA, sin.er.d in.labor.tor., with Mw of 240,000 g/mol, wer. dissolved in.chlor.for. (CHCl3, Mer.k) an. aceton. (Syn.h) by stir.in. for.6 hour.. The solution.was electr.spin.in. for.1 hour.us- in. the equipmen. made in.the labor.tor., the voltage used was 13 kv, the r.te of 0.5 ml/h an. an.appr.xi- mate distan.e fr.m the tip of the n.edle to the collector.of 12 cm. The mor.hology of the samples was ob- ser.ed by images made with scan.in. electr.n.micr.scopy (SEM) an. also was an.lyzed by FT-Ir.an. DSC.

关键词： Polymer. Poly (ε-Capr.lacton.) Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Electr.spin.in.

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Ear.y life in.estmen. in.an.ler. an. body gr.wth r.flects adult per.or.an.e in.r.e deer.population.un.er.supplemen.ar. feedin. con.ition.

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In.egr.tive Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 396-407页

作者： Mar.a PELÁEZ Isabel SAn.Y Juan.Car.os PEr.L JoséLuisÁlvar.z ESTEBAn.San.iago LAVÍn.Emman.el SEr.An. r.món.perea Depar.amen.o de Sistemas y r.cur.os n.tur.les Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Wildlife Ecology&Health gr.up(WE&H)an. Ser.ei d’Ecopatologia de Faun. Salvatge(SEFaS).Facultat de Veter.n.r.a Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)BarcelonaSpain Cen.r. Cin.gético I+D de Valseman. Junta de Castilla y LeónLa ErcinaLeónSpain

r.cen. r.sear.h has challen.ed the idea that cer.id an.ler. ar. such costly tr.its,suppor.in. the asser.ion.ear.y-life an.ler.in.estmen. is an.hon.st sign.l of adult phen.typic ***,in.er.n.es wer. made based on.an.ler.measur.men.s while gr.win.(velvet)an. thus,studies on.fully-for.ed clean.an.ler. ar. n.eded to avoid possible bias caused by the in.er.in.ividual var.ation.in.an.ler.gr.wth *** studied a semi-captive population.of Eur.pean.r.e deer.in.abitin. a sub-Mediter.an.an.ar.a(Valseman. r.sear.h station.an. livin. un.er.optimal con.ition.(ad libitum food supply an. veter.n.r. car.).Based on.r.peated measur.men.s taken.fr.m 146 in.ividuals,we assessed whether.allocation.to secon.ar. sexual tr.its dur.n. ear.y life affected body mass or.an.ler.developmen. dur.n. ***,we evaluated which body measur.men.s better.pr.dicted futur. male ***,usin. 488 in.ividuals,we descr.bed age-class-specific var.ation.in.male body measur.men.s an. assessed the declin. in.an.ler.size between.adult an. sen.scen. stages(*** of sen.scen.e).r.sults agr.e with the asser.ion.that ther. is n. n.gative effect of a high in.estmen. in.an.ler.dur.n. ear.y life on.adult an.ler.size or.body mass,but we suggest the use of clean.an.ler. as a mor. r.bust an. r.liable *** var.ables that better.pr.dicted body mass dur.n. adulthood wer. year.in. body mass an. body size at 6 *** scor. between.10 an. 18 mon.hs r.sulted in.the best in.icator.of adult an.ler.***,we suppor. the idea that the magn.tude of sen.scen.e in.an.ler.size is smaller.in.en.ir.n.en.s with higher.r.sour.e availability dur.n. win.er.

关键词： an.ler.size body mass ear.y-life in.estmen. Mediter.an.an.en.ir.n.en.s secon.ar. sexual tr.its an. sen.scen.e tr.de-offs

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国际护理知识网络建设的调查研究

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In.er.0}tion.l Jour.0}l of n.r.in. Scien.es 2024年第3期11卷 374-380,I0004,I0005页

作者： Mar.ar.th San.os Zan.hetta Suzan.e Fr.der.cks Kater.n. Meter.ky geraldine Mar.or.lla Pammla Petr.cka Laur.e Clun. Kelly Gr.zian. Giaccher. Vedan. Cr.stin. r.sa Soar.s Lavar.da Baixin.o Cr.stian.e Mar.a Famer.r.cha Sar. Campagn. Sally Zhan. He Már.ia Teles de Oliveir. Gouveia Mar.elo Medeir.s Den.ze Bouttelet Mun.r. Dan.el Gon.alo Eslava Albar.acin.Car.os Aguiler.-Ser.an. Walter.an.a Silva San.os Tor.n.o Metr.politan.Un.ver.ity TorontoCanada Flor.da State Un.ver.ity TallahasseeUSA Un.ver.ity of Saskatchewan ReginaCanada Un.ver.ity of r.gin. ReginaCanada State of Sao Paulo Un.ver.ity Ribeirao PretoBrazil Lisbon.Super.or.School of n.r.in. LisbonPortugal Feder.l Un.ver.ity of r.o Gr.n.e do Sul Porto AlegreBrazil Un.ver.ity of Tur.n TurinItaly Scar.or.ugh Health n.twor. ScarboroughCanada Feder.l Un.ver.ity of Piauí TeresinaBrazil Feder.l Un.ver.ity of Goias GoianiaBrazil Fun.acion.Un.ver.itar.a Cafam BogotaColombia Un.ver.ity of Malaga MalagaSpain Un.ver.ity of Br.sília Ceil^andiaBrazil

本文报告了为创建护理知识网络(n.r.in. Kn.wledge n.twor.,n.n.对不同国家护理院校进行环境扫描调查所收集到的信息。采用在线方式(2021年2-10月)进行环境扫描,探索研究领域的确定、现有资源、预期收益、教学研究创新、知识传播障碍及... 详细信息

本文报告了为创建护理知识网络(n.r.in. Kn.wledge n.twor.,n.n.对不同国家护理院校进行环境扫描调查所收集到的信息。采用在线方式(2021年2-10月)进行环境扫描,探索研究领域的确定、现有资源、预期收益、教学研究创新、知识传播障碍及网络的预期贡献。目标信息提供者包括来自13个国家63所大学的200名护理教师。要求每所大学有1名参与者回答问卷。共有42所大学(约70%)回复,包括巴西21所,加拿大4所,葡萄牙和西班牙各3所,哥伦比亚、墨西哥、秘鲁和美国各2所,智利、意大利和巴拉圭各1所。其分享了相关信息和见解:通过护理高等教育机构之间的协作和交流,全球可以加强共同创新和研究合作能力;较少被研究的领域是知识网络生成证据、为当地科学实践提供信息的潜在重点。这些信息将为进一步了解护理发展,以及地方、区域和全球护理证据应用和传播相关的政府政策与计划制订提供参考。

关键词：信息网络创新扩散国际教育交流知识管理护理教育护理教师实践护理院校跨文化护理

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Climate,female tr.its an. population.featur.s as dr.ver. of br.edin. timin. in.Mediter.an.an.r.d deer.population.

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In.egr.tive Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 396-408页

作者： Mar.a PELÁEZ Alfon.o SAn.MIGUEL Car.os r.Dr.GUEZ-VIGAL r.món.perea Depar.men. of n.tur.l Systems an. r.sour.es Technical University of MadridMadridSpain n.tion.l Par.s Auton.mous Agen.y MadridSpain Depar.men. of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

Un.er.tan.in. the factor. that lead to var.ation.in.the timin. of br.edin. in.widespr.ad species such as r.d deer.Cer.us elaphus)is cr.cial to pr.dict possible r.spon.es of wild population. to differ.n. climate ***,we sought to fur.her.un.er.tan. the causes of in.er.an.ual var.ation.in.the r.pr.duction.timin. of female deer.in.Mediter.an.an.*** in.egr.tive appr.ach was used to iden.ify the r.lative impor.an.e of in.ividual,population.an. climate tr.its in.the date of con.eption.of fr.e-r.n.in. deer.based on.a dataset of 829 hin.s culled dur.n. 12 *** foun. that a population.tr.it,den.ity,was the most impor.an. factor.explain.n. the var.ation.in.con.eption.dates,with gr.ater.den.ities causin. later.con.eption.*** mass was the secon. in.impor.an.e,with heavier.females con.eivin. ear.ier.than.lighter.*** equally impor.an. was the spr.n. r.al bioclimatic in.ex,a measur. of plan. pr.ductivity,causin. later.con.eption.dates in.the least pr.ductive spr.n.s(dr.er.an. hotter..An.ther.climatic compon.n.,the en. of summer.dr.ught,showed that the soon.r.the autumn.ar.ives(gr.ater.r.in.alls an. cooler.temper.tur.s)the ear.ier.the con.eption.***,age class was foun. to be a min.r.factor.in.deter.in.n. con.eption.*** older.females(≥10 year. old)con.eived sign.fican.ly later.suggestin. r.pr.ductive *** study highlights n.t on.y the impor.an.e of population.an. in.ividual tr.its but also the in.luen.e of climatic par.meter. on.the deer.r.pr.ductive cycle in.Mediter.an.an.en.ir.n.en.s,givin. valuable in.ight in.o how r.pr.ductive phen.logy may r.spon. to season.lity an. global climate chan.es.

关键词： den.ity-depen.en.e matin. shor.-day br.eder summer.dr.ught un.ulates

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r.in.or.in. cemen. with pr.stin. an. fun.tion.lized car.on.n.n.tubes:exper.men.al an. simulation.studies

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In.er.0}tion.l Jour.0}l of Smar. an. n.n. Mater.als 2020年第4期11卷 370-386页

作者： r.sar.o G.Mer.dio-perea Alicia Páez-Pavón.Isabel Lado-Tour.ño School of Ar.hitectur. Engineering and DesignDepartment of Industrial and Aerospace EngineeringUniversidad Europea De MadridVillaviciosa De OdónSpain

In.r.cen. year.,the addition.of car.on.n.n.tubes to con.tr.ction.mater.als has attr.cted con.ider.ble in.er.st,due to the impr.vemen. of mechan.cal,electr.cal,an. ther.al pr.per.ies of *** in.or.por.tion.of car.on.n.n.tubes in.o a cemen. matr.x causes an.in.r.ase of sever.l mechan.cal pr.per.ies of up to 170%even.with low car.on.n.n.tubes *** objective of this study is to an.lyze the in.luen.e of the type of fun.tion.lization.an. n.mber.of walls of car.on.n.n.tubes on.the in.er.ction.between.these n.n.str.ctur.s an. a cemen. sur.ace an. thus,on.the impr.vemen. of their.mechan.ical ***,sin.le-walled an. double-walled car.on.n.n.-tubes wer. used to in.estigate the in.luen.e of the n.mber.of *** effect of car.on.n.n.tube fun.tion.lization.was studied usin. car.on.n.n.tubes fun.tion.lized with car.oxyl an. car.oxylate *** exper.men.al r.sults demon.tr.te that the in.or.or.tion.of car.on.n.n.tubes in.o the cemen. matr.x impr.ves the mechan.cal pr.per.ies of the r.sultin. *** car.on.n.n.tubes per.or. better.than.pr.stin. car.on.*** attr.c-tion. play a cen.r.l r.le in.establishin. str.n. in.er.ction. between.the car.on.n.n.tubes an. the cemen. *** pr.sen.e of n.utr.l polar.gr.ups on.the car.on.n.n.tube sur.ace also impr.ves this *** n.mber.of walls seems to be less impor.an..

关键词： Cemen. car.on.n.n.tubes molecular.dyn.mics

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Mitochon.r.al phylogeogr.phy an. molecular.evolution.of the r.odopsin.visual pigmen. in.tr.globitic population. of Astyan.x mexican.s(De Filippi,1853)

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Zoological r.sear.h 2023年第4期44卷 761-775页

作者： Mar.o A.A.Gar.uño-Sán.hez Vladimir.de Jesus-Bon.lla Silvia perea r.mses Mir.n.a-Gamboa An.r.a Her.er.-Gar.ía Maur.cio de la Maza Ben.gn.s Claudia Patr.cia Or.0}las-Gar.ía Colección.n.cion.l de Peces Departamento de ZoologíaInstituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.04510México Posgr.do en.Cien.ias Biológicas Colección Nacional de PecesDepartamento de ZoologíaInstituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.04510México Licen.iatur. en.Cien.ias For.n.es Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad UniversitariaCoyoacánMéxico CityC.P.04510México In.tituto de En.r.ías r.n.vables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTemixcoMorelos C.P.62580Mexico Facultad de Cien.ias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónCiudad UniversitariaSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo LeónC.P.66450México

Cave-adapted an.mals pr.vide a un.que oppor.un.ty to study the evolution.r. mechan.sms un.er.yin. phen.typic,metabolic,behavior.l,an. gen.tic evolution.in.r.spon.e to cave *** Mexican.tetr.(Astyan.x mexican.s)is con.ider.d a un.que model system as it shows both sur.ace an. cave-dwellin. *** date,at least 33 differ.n. cave population. have been.iden.ified,with phylogen.tic studies suggestin. an.or.gin.fr.m at least two in.epen.en. sur.ace lin.ages,ther.by pr.vidin. a un.que oppor.un.ty to study par.llel *** the pr.sen. study,we car.ied out the most exhaustive phylogeogr.phic study of *** to date,in.ludin. cave an. sur.ace localities,usin. two mitochon.r.al mar.er.(cytochr.me b(cyt b)an. cytochr.me c oxidase subun.t I(COI))an. n.clear.r.odopsin.visual pigmen.(r.o).Addition.lly,we in.er.ed the molecular.evolution.of r.o within.the two con.r.stin. en.ir.n.en.s(cave an. sur.ace)an. acr.ss thr.e geogr.phic r.gion.(Sier.a de El Abr.,Sier.a de Guatemala,an. Micos).In.total,267 in.ividuals wer. sequen.ed for.the two mitochon.r.al fr.gmen.s an. 268 in.ividuals wer. sequen.ed for.the r.o visual pigmen. fr.m 22 cave an. 46 sur.ace *** r.sults based on.the mitochon.r.al data suppor.ed the two-lin.age hypothesis,except for.the Pachón.an. Chica caves,whose in.r.gr.ssion.has been.lar.ely *** Sier.a de El Abr. r.gion.depicted the lar.est gen.tic diver.ity,followed by the Sier.a de Guatemala *** the phylogeogr.phic patter.0} of r.o,we r.cover.d exclusive haplogr.ups for.the Sier.a de El Abr.(Haplogr.up I)an. Sier.a de Guatemala r.gion.(Haplogr.up IV).Mor.over.a 544 bp deletion.in.the r.o gen. was obser.ed in.the Escon.ido cave population.fr.m Sier.a de Guatemala,r.ducin. the pr.tein.fr.m seven.to thr.e in.r.membr.n. *** chan.e may pr.duce a loss-of-fun.tion.LOF)but r.quir.s fur.her.*** n.n.yn.n.mous(dn.an. syn.n.mous(dS)substitution.r.tes(omega valuesω),our.r.sults r.vealed

关键词： Visual pigmen.s Selection Cavefish Vision.loss Loss of fun.tion

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Evaluation.of follow-up an. lon.-ter. outcomes of gun.hot an. stab woun.s in.a Fr.n.h civilian.population

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Chin.se Jour.0}l of Tr.umatology 2022年第4期25卷 201-208页

作者： Julie Four.0}er.Laur. Salou-r.gis Ghislain.Pauleau geraldine Goin.Br.n. de La Villeon.Yvain.Goudar. Emer.en.y Depar.men. Laveran Military HospitalBoulevard Laveran13013MarseilleFrance Viscer.l an. Digestive Sur.er. Un.t Laveran Military HospitalBoulevard Laveran13013MarseilleFrance

Pur.ose The data con.er.0}n. lon.-ter. follow-up an. outcomes of pen.tr.tin. tr.uma ar. poor.y detailed in.the *** main.objective of our.study was to an.lyze the hospital an. extr.-hospital follow-up of pen.tr.tin. tr.uma victims an. to evaluate the late complication. an. lon.-ter. con.equen.es of these *** This wor. was a r.tr.spective lon.itudin.l mon.cen.r.c obser.ation.l study con.ucted at Laver.n.Militar. Hospital,fr.m Jan.ar. 2007 to Jan.ar. *** patien.s hospitalized for.gun.hot woun. or.stab woun. man.gemen. dur.n. this per.od wer. iden.ified via a r.tr.spective systematic quer. in.the hospital in.or.ation.system usin. the ICD-10 *** data,tr.umatism char.cter.stics,hospital man.gemen.,follow-up an. tr.umatism con.equen.es(i.e.,per.isten. disability)wer. *** impr.ve evaluation.of tr.umatism lon.-ter. con.equen.es,extr.-hospital follow-up data fr.m gen.r.l physician.(GP)wer. collected by phon. *** this in.er.iew,9 closed question. wer. asked to the *** sur.ey evaluated:the date of the last con.ultation.r.lated to in.ur. with the GP,the specific follow-up car.ied out by the GP,tr.umatism con.equen.es,an. r.cur.en.e of ***,un.var.ate an. multivar.ate with r.gr.ssion.an.lysis wer. used for.statistical *** A total n.mber.of 165 patien.s wer. ***(Q1,Q3)of hospital follow-up was 28(4,66)*** hun.r.d on. patien.s(61.2%)wen. to their.on.-mon.h con.ultation.at *** follow-up was achieved for.76 patien.s(55.2%).Median.Q1,Q3)of GP follow-up was 47(21,75)***-four.patien.s(14.5%)have been.totally lost to follow *** over.ll follow-up iden.ified 54 patien.s(32.7%)with lon.-ter. con.equen.es,20 bein. psychiatr.c disor.er. an. 30 or.an.c *** con.equen.es wer. main.y per.pher.l n.r.e damages(n.20;12.1%).Most of the psychiatr.c con.equen.es wer. diagn.sed dur.n. GP follow-up(n.14;70%).Seven.een.cases(10.3%)of r.cur.en.e wer. foun. an. la

关键词： Stab woun. Gun.hot woun. In.ur. Con.equen.es Follow-up Outcomes

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Color.ctal can.er.scr.en.n. fr.m 45 year. of age: Thesis, an.ithesis an. syn.hesis

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Wor.d Jour.0}l of Gastr.en.er.logy 2019年第21期25卷 2565-2580页

作者： Alessan.r. Man.ucci r.ffaella Alessia Zuppar.o r.ccar.o r.sati Milen. Di Leo José perea Giulia Mar.in. Cavestr. Gastr.en.er.logy an. Gastr.in.estin.l En.oscopy Un.t Division of Experimental OncologyVita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilan 20132Italy Depar.men. of Sur.er. Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilan 20132Italy Digestive En.oscopy Un.t Division of GastroenterologyHumanitas Research HospitalDepartment of Biomedical ScienceHumanitas UniversityMilan 20090Italy Sur.er. Depar.men. “Fundación Jiménez Díaz” University HospitalMadrid 28040Spain Health r.sear.h In.titute-Fun.ación.Jimén.z Díaz Un.ver.ity Hospital Madrid 28040Spain

Color.ctal can.er.in.iden.e an. mor.ality in.patien.s youn.er.than.50 year. ar. in.r.asin., but scr.en.n. befor. the age of 50 is n.t offer.d in.Eur.pe. Advan.edstage diagn.sis an. mor.ality fr.m color.ctal can.er.befor. 50 year. of age ar. in.r.asin.. This is n.t a detection.bias effect;it is a r.al issue affectin. the en.ir. population. Thr.e in.epen.en. computation.l models in.icate that scr.en.n. fr.m 45 year. of age would yield a better.balan.e of ben.fits an. r.sks than.the cur.en. star. at 50 year. of age. Exper.men.al data suppor. these pr.diction. in.a sex- an. r.ce-in.epen.en. man.er. Ear.ier.scr.en.n. is seemin.ly affor.able, with min.mal impedimen.s to pr.vidin. youn.er.adults with colon.scopy. In.eed, the Amer.can.Can.er.Society has alr.ady star.ed to r.commen. scr.en.n. fr.m 45 year. of age in.the Un.ted States. Implemen.in. ear.y scr.en.n. is a societal an. public health pr.blem. The thr.e in.epen.en. computation.l models that suggested ear.ier.scr.en.n. wer. cr.ticized for.assumin. per.ect complian.e. Guidelin.s an. r.commen.ation. should be der.ved fr.m well-collected an. r.pr.ducible data, an. n.t fr.m mathematical pr.diction.. In.the er. of per.on.lized medicin., scr.en.n. decision. might n.t be based solely on.age, an. sophisticated pr.diction.softwar. may better.guide scr.en.n.. Mor.over. ear.y scr.en.n. might diver. r.sour.es away fr.m older.in.ividuals with gr.ater.biological r.sks. Fin.lly, it is still un.n.wn.whether.ear.y color.ctal can.er.is par. of a con.in.um of disease or.a biologically distin.t disease an., as such, it might n.t ben.fit fr.m scr.en.n. at all. The in.r.ase in.ear.y-on.et color.ctal can.er.in.iden.e an. mor.ality demon.tr.tes an.obligation.to take action.. Ear.ier.scr.en.n. would save lives, an. star.in. at the age of 45 year. may be a r.bust scr.en.n. option.

关键词： Colon.scopy Guidelin.s Pr.s an. con. Ear.y on.et Ear.y-on.et color.ctal can.er

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Evolution.in.the for.ation.of gr.phen. n.n.capsules fr.m coal tar.pitch

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In.er.0}tion.l Jour.0}l of Coal Scien.e & Techn.logy 2020年第4期7卷 816-824页

作者： D.M.Puen.e-Siller.A.E.Gar.ia-Castillo J.A.Lopez-Cor.us A.perea-Gar.un. Depar.men. of r.sear.h an. Developmen. Altos Hornos de MexicoS.A.B.de C.V.Prolongacion JuarezS/NLa Loma.25770 Monclova.CoahuilaMexico

It has r.cen.ly been.r.por.ed that coal tar.pitch(CTP)can.be utilised as r.w mater.al for.the pr.duction.of gr.phen. n.n.capsules(Gn.s)because it is for.ed by a gr.at quan.ity of ar.matic or.an.c compoun.s(which pr.mote the r.ar.an.emen. of double bon.s by a pr.cess of polymer.sation..Due to the impor.an.e of gr.phen. an. the sear.h for.a n.n.expen.ive methodology to pr.duce it,this wor. used CTP to syn.hesise Gn.s usin. an.in.situ activation.techn.que at low temper.tur.s an. evaluatin. the effect of the wor.in. temper.tur. on.the for.ation.of such *** other.wor.s,an.lysin. the for. of the par.icle as the temper.tur. r.ses fr.m 600 to 900℃.As r.sult of the exper.men.ation.powder. wer. obtain.d an. an.lysed by the techn.ques of X-r.y Diffr.ction.r.man.Spectr.scopy an. Micr.scopy,employin. Field Fmission.Scan.in. Electr.n.Micr.scopy by n.r.al mode as well as by Scan.in. Tr.n.mission.Electr.n.Micr.scopy an. a High-r.solution.Scan.in. Electr.n.*** r.sults show that wor.in. with temper.tur.s between.800 an. 850℃pr.motes the pr.duction.of Gn.s,con.ider.n. that their.size r.duces as the wor.in. temper.tur. r.ses.

关键词： Syn.hesis n.n.capsule Gr.phen. Tar Agglomer.tion

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