Early life investment in antlers and body growth reflects adult performance in roe deer population under supplementary feeding conditions
作者机构：Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Wildlife Ecology&Health group(WE&H)and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge(SEFaS).Facultat de VeterinàriaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)BarcelonaSpain Centro Cinegético I+D de ValsemanaJunta de Castilla y LeónLa ErcinaLeónSpain
出 版 物：《Integrative Zoology》 (整合动物学（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2022年第17卷第3期
页 面：396-407页
核心收录：
学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 071002[理学-动物学]
基 金：M.P.acknowledges the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Education(FPU fellowship FPU13/00567) This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science through the INCREMENTO coordinated project(RTI2018-094202-BC21 and RTI2018-094202-A-C22)
主 题：antler size body mass early-life investment Mediterranean environments secondary sexual traits and senescence trade-offs
摘 要：Recent research has challenged the idea that cervid antlers are such costly traits,supporting the assertion early-life antler investment is an honest signal of adult phenotypic ***,inferences were made based on antler measurements while growing(velvet)and thus,studies on fully-formed clean antlers are needed to avoid possible bias caused by the inter-individual variation in antler growth *** studied a semi-captive population of European roe deer inhabiting a sub-Mediterranean area(Valsemana research station)and living under optimal conditions(ad libitum food supply and veterinary care).Based on repeated measurements taken from 146 individuals,we assessed whether allocation to secondary sexual traits during early life affected body mass or antler development during ***,we evaluated which body measurements better predicted future male ***,using 488 individuals,we described age-class-specific variation in male body measurements and assessed the decline in antler size between adult and senescent stages(*** of senescence).Results agree with the assertion that there is no negative effect of a high investment in antler during early life on adult antler size or body mass,but we suggest the use of clean antlers as a more robust and reliable *** variables that better predicted body mass during adulthood were yearling body mass and body size at 6 *** score between 10 and 18 months resulted in the best indicator of adult antler ***,we support the idea that the magnitude of senescence in antler size is smaller in environments with higher resource availability during winter.
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