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Feeding behavior and hormoligosis associated with imidacloprid resistance in Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri

Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1211-1221页

作者： Xue Dong Chen Justin george Lauren M.Diepenbrock Hunter Gossett Guoping Liu Jawwad A.Qureshi Lukasz L.Stelinski Entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaCitrus Research and Education CenterLake AlfredFloridaUSA Southern Insect Management Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMississippiUSA Entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaSouthwest Florida Research and Education CenterImmokaleeFloridaUSA

Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used for managing the Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri Kuwayama,which serves as vector of phytopathogens causing citrus ***,development of resistance to neonicotinoids among populations of *** has coincided with occasional control failures in the *** objectives of this research were to(1)survey current levels of imidacloprid resistance in Florida citrus;(2)compare feeding behavior between imidacloprid-resistant and susceptible *** using electrical penetration graph recordings,and(3)investigate the possible amplification of insecticide hormoligosis associated with *** surveys confirmed that the susceptibility of *** populations to imidacloprid has decreased in commercial Florida citrus groves compared with a laboratory-susceptible *** 12 generations of selection,resistance to imidacloprid increased by 438 fold compared with the susceptible ***-susceptible *** feeding on citrus exhibited significantly more bouts associated with intercellular pathway(C),phloem penetration(D),phloem salivation(E1),and nonprobing(Np)activities than imidacloprid-resistant ***,there were no differences observed in the frequency or duration of phloem ingestion or xylem feeding between susceptible and resistant *** was no statistical difference in fecundity between resistant and susceptible ***,the fecundity of imidacloprid-susceptible female *** treated with a sublethal concentration of imidacloprid(lc_(25))increased significantly compared with controls,while such hormoligosis was less pronounced among imidacloprid-resistant *** results suggest that imidacloprid-resistant psyllids may cease feeding sooner than susceptible counterparts following sublethal exposure to this insecticide,indicative of a behavioral resistance mechanism.

关键词： artificial selection electrical penetration graph feeding behavior hormoligosis insecticide resistance sublethal exposure

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慢性肾脏病伴高血压患者的强化血压控制

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中华高血压杂志(中英文) 2010年第11期18卷 1005-1005页

作者：张玲玉叶鹏 Appel Lawrence J W Jackson TJr G Tom A Lawrence YA Brad CB george lc William HC Jeanne C Gabriel F Marquetta LG Francis BG Jennifer JH Lee AJ Kenneth AK Joel DK John WL James PL Janice PL Julia BL Michael SM Shaul GM Edgar RN Keith P Robert AP Velvie AR Otelio SR StephenG S Miroslaw JT Robert DW Xuelei

在观察性研究中发现,血压与终末期肾脏病(endstage renal disease,ESRD)直接相关,并且相互促进。非洲裔美国人中高血压相关的慢性肾脏病和ESRD的患病比例相当高,但极少有试验去检验对非洲裔美国人进行强化血压控制是否能够延缓其慢性肾... 详细信息

在观察性研究中发现,血压与终末期肾脏病(endstage renal disease,ESRD)直接相关,并且相互促进。非洲裔美国人中高血压相关的慢性肾脏病和ESRD的患病比例相当高,但极少有试验去检验对非洲裔美国人进行强化血压控制是否能够延缓其慢性肾脏病进展。方法:入选慢性肾脏病伴高血压的非洲裔美国人患者1094例作为研究对象,随机给予强化或者标准的血压控制治疗。[第一段]

关键词：慢性肾脏病高血压患者血压控制平均血压

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Survivin isoforms and clinicopathological characteristics in colorectal adenocarcinomas using real-time qPCR

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1614-1621页

作者： Anastasia Pavlidou Maria Dalamaga Christos Kroupis george Konstantoudakis Maria Belimezi george Athanasas Kleanthi Dimas Department of Clinical Biochemistry Attikon University HospitalAthens 12462Greece 4th University Surgical Clinic Attikon University HospitalAthens 12462Greece

AIM:To investigate three isoforms of survivin in colorectal ***:We used the LightCycler Technology(Roche),along with a common forward primer and reverse primers specific for the splice variants and two common hybridization probes labeled with fluorescein and LightCycler-Red fluorophore(lc-Red 640).Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was performed on cDNAs from 52 tumor specimens from colorectal cancer patients and 10 unrelated normal colorectal *** the patients group,carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) and CA19-9 tumor markers were also measured ***:Wild type survivin mRNA isoform was expressed in 48%of the 52 tumor samples,survivin-2b in 38%and survivin-ΔΕx3 in 29%,while no expression was found in normal *** mRNA expression of wild type survivin presented a significant correlation with the expression of the ratio of survivin-2b,survivin-ΔΕx3,survivin-2b/wild type survivin and survivin-ΔΕx3/wild type survivin(P<0.001).The mRNA expression of wildsurvivin and survivin-ΔΕx3 was related with tumor size and invasion(P=0.006 and P<0.005,respectively).A significant difference was found between survivin-2b and morphologic cancer ***,the ratio of survivin-ΔEx3/ wild-survivin was significantly associated with *** association was observed between the three isoforms and grade,metastasis,Dukes stage and *** three isoforms were not correlated with CEA and ***:Survivin isoforms may play a role in cell apoptosis and their quantification could provide information about clinical management of patients suffering from colorectal cancer.

关键词： Survivin mRNA isoforms Apoptosis 基因 Colorectal 腺癌实时量的聚合酶链反应 Lightcycler

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Could the burden of pancreatic cancer originate in childhood?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第32期27卷 5322-5340页

作者： Smaranda Diaconescu Georgiana Emmanuela Gîlcă-Blanariu Silvia Poamaneagra Otilia Marginean Gabriela Paduraru Gabriela Stefanescu Department of Pediatrics “Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology St Mary Emergency Children's HospitalIasi 700309Romania Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Grigore T.Popa"University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”Emergency HospitalIasi 700111Romania Doctoral School George Emil Palade University of MedicinePharmacyScience and TechnologyTargu Mures 540142Romania Department of Pediatrics Research Center of Disturbance of Growth and Development on Children-BeliveUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy“Victor Babes”TimisoaraTimisoara 300041Romania First Clinic of Pediatrics "Louis Turcanu"Emergency Childen's HospitalTimisoara 300011Romania

The presence of pancreatic cancer during childhood is extremely rare,and physicians may be tempted to overlook this diagnosis based on age ***,there are primary malignant pancreatic tumors encountered in pediatric patients,such as pancreatoblastoma,and tumors considered benign in general but may present a malignant potential,such as the solid pseudo-papillary tumor,insulinoma,gastrinoma,and vasoactive intestinal peptide secreting *** early diagnosis and management are of paramount importance since the survival rates tend to differ for various types of these *** pediatric cancers may present pancreatic metastases,such as renal cell carcinoma,which may evolve with pancreatic metastatic disease even after two or more *** childhood diseases may create a predisposition for the development of pancreatic cancer during adulthood;hence,there is a need for extensive screening strategies and complex programs to facilitate the transition from pediatric to adult ***,genetic studies highlight the fact the specific gene mutations and family aggregations may be correlated with a special predisposition towards pancreatic *** review aims to report the main pancreatic cancers diagnosed during childhood,the most important childhood diseases predisposing to the development of pancreatic malignancies,and the gene mutations associates with pancreatic malignant tumors.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic metastasis Childhood Adult Screening Transition

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Beneficial mechanisms of aerobic exercise on hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2015年第2期14卷 139-144页

作者： Rui Guo Emily C Liong Kwok Fai So Man-Lung Fung george L Tipoe Departments of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Physiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong

BACKGROUND：Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）refers to any fatty liver disease that is not due to excessive use of *** probably results from abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin *** exercise is shown to improve *** review aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on *** SOURCE：We searched articles in English on the role of aerobic exercise in NAFLD therapy in Pub ***： The mechanisms of chronic aerobic exercise in regulating the outcome of NAFLD include：（i） reducing in- trahepatic fat content by down-regulating sterol regulatory element-binding protein-lc and up-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y expression levels; （ii） decreas- ing hepatic oxidative stress through modulating the reactive oxygen species, and enhancing antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase; （iii） ameliorating hepatic inflammation via the inhibition of pro-inflammatory media- tors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta; （iv） attenuating mitochondrial dependent apoptosis by reducing cytochrome C released from the mitochondria to the cytosol; and （v） inducing hepato-protective autophagy. CONCLUSION： Aerobic exercise, via different mechanisms, significantly decreases the fat content of the liver and improves the outcomes of patients with NAFLD.

关键词： non-alcoholic fatty liver disease chronic aerobic exercise oxidative stress inflammation apoptosis autophagy

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Simultaneous pharmacokinetic assessment of cefadroxil and clavulanic acid in human plasma by lc-MS and its application to bioequivalence studies

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2013年第4期3卷 285-291页

作者： Janaki Sankarachari Krishnan Nagarajan Chandran Sathish Vimal Renjith george Anil Dubala Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis J.S.S. College of Pharmacy

A simple, rapid and selective liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry （lc-APCI-MS） assay method has been developed and fully validated for the simultaneous quantification of cefadroxil （CF） and clavulanic acid （CA） in human plasma. Analytes and internal standard （IS） were extracted from human plasma by solid- phase extraction （SPE） technique using Sam prep （3 mL, 100 mg） extraction cartridge. The extracted samples were chromatographed on a reverse phase Cls column using a mixture of methanol： acetonitrile： 2 mM ammonium acetate （pH 3.5）（25：25：50, v/v/v） as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Quantification of the analytes and IS were carried out using single quadrupole lc-APCI-MS through selected-ion monitoring （SIM） at m/z 362 and m/z 198, for CF and CA, respectively. Method validation was performed as per the FDA guidelines and the results met the acceptance criteria. Plasma concentration of CF and CA followed by the oral administration of CF/CA （500/125 mg） pill to healthy male volunteers （n= 12） was measured. Area under plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 h （AUC0-12 h） and 0 h extrapolated to infinity （AUC0-∞） were calculated. The ratio of AUC0-12 h/AUC0-∞ was found to be 〉 85% for all the subjects, as recommended by the FDA guidelines.

关键词： Cefadroxil Clavulanic acid lc-MS A_PCI Pharmacokinetics Bioequivalence

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Nanoencapsulation of Thymol and Eugenol with Chitosan Nanoparticles and the Effect against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第12期11卷 723-739页

作者： george Oluoch Viviene Matiru Edward george Mamati Moses Nyongesa Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI) Nairobi Kenya Department of Botany Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Department of Horticulture and Food Security Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya National Potato Research Centre Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) Limuru Kenya

Essential oils (EOs) are natural bioactive compounds with antibacterial activity against a variety of microorganisms including phytopathogens. The use of EOs and their components as viable therapeutic antibacterials is however greatly compromised by their volatile nature, hydrophobicity and instability when exposed to environmental and physiological factors. Encapsulation of these compounds in an appropriate carrier system can alleviate these challenges. This study therefore aimed at developing, characterizing and evaluating the efficacy of antibacterial potential of thymol and eugenol loaded chitosan nanoparticles (TCNPs and ECNPs) against Ralstonia solanacearum, the bacterial wilt-causing pathogen in potatoes. Synthesis of TCNP and ECNP was achieved via ionic gelation method and the prepared nanoparticles characterized by their particle size distributions, encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity (lc) and in-vitro release characteristics. Antibacterial activities of the nanoparticles were investigated using agar dilution and colony counting methods and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined by 96-well broth micro-dilution method. Scanning electron microscope images of TCNPs and ECNPs showed that the nanoparticles were spherical in shape and were well separated with an average particle size of 590 nm and 555 nm respectively. The average size of chitosan nanoparticles alone was however 375 nm. The encapsulation efficiency was 72.9% for TCNP (with 48.3% lc) and 71.7% for ECNP (with 49.5% lc). The release of thymol and eugenol from the microcapsules was found to be pH dependent with the highest release at pH 1.5. The growth inhibition of R. solanacearum was 92% and 94% for TCNP and ECNPs respectively. The MIC of thymol and eugenol before encapsulation was 175 μg/ml and 275 μg/ml respectively, but this reduced significantly to 22.5 μg/ml and 45 μg/ml after encapsulation. Thus, encapsulation of thymol and eugenol in chitosan nanop

关键词： Essential Oil Loading Capacity Encapsulation Efficiency Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Bactericide

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Borderline resectable pancreatic tumors:Is there a need for further refinement of this stage?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第3期10卷 319-324页

作者： Shailesh V Shrikhande Supreeta Arya Savio george Barreto Sachin Ingle Melroy A D'Souza Rohini Hawaldar Parul J Shukla Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgical Oncology Department of Radiology Tata Memorial Hospital Department of Surgery Royal Adelaide Hospital Clinical Research Secretariat

BACKGROUND:The ideal treatment of patients with 'borderline resectable pancreatic tumors (BRTs)' needs to be *** protocols advise neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy,although some patients may appear to have BRT on preoperative imaging and a complete resection may be achieved without the need for vascular *** aim of the present study was to identify specific findings on preoperative imaging that could help predict in which patients with BRT a complete resection,with or without vascular resection (VR),could be ***:Twelve patients with BRTs were *** location,maximum degree of circumferential contact (CC),length of contact of the tumor with major vessels (lc),and luminal narrowing of vessels at the point of contact with the tumor (venous deformity,VD) were graded on preoperatively acquired multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images and then compared with the intraoperative findings and need for ***:A complete resection (R0) was achieved in 10 patients with 2 having microscopic positive margins (R1) on histopathology at the uncinate *** of the 10 patients required VR (40%).In 3 of the 4 patients whose tumors required VRs,CC was ≥grade III and VD was grade *** did not influence the need for ***:It is possible to achieve a complete resection at the first instance in patients found to have BRTs on preoperative *** MDCT-based grading systems and our proposed criteria may help identify such patients,thus avoiding any delay in curative resections in such patients.

关键词： pancreatic head carcinoma pancreatic cancer pancreatic neoplasms resection

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Εvaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life in Lung Cancer Patients in Greece and Associations with Demographic and Medical Characteristics

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第10期7卷 17-31页

作者： Constantinos Togas george Alexias Fotios Anagnostopoulos Department of Psychology Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences Athens Greece

Lung cancer is a common type of cancer. The aim of this study was to examine Health-Related Quality of Life (ΗRQOL) in lung cancer patients and the demographic/medical characteristics that are related to it. A cross-sectional study was conducted in “Sotiria” Chest Diseases Hospital, Greece, with a sample of 200 lung cancer patients. Patients completed a composite questionnaire including demographic/medical information, EORTC-QLQ-C30 and ΕΟRTC-QLQ-lc13. The duration of the study was 17 months (April 2014 to August 2015). SPSS v.25 was used for the analysis of data. Mean age was 68.5 years, 70.5% were men, 81% were married, 84% had Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSClc) and 16% had Small Cell Lung Cancer (SClc). Patients evaluated their ΗRQOL as moderate (Μ = 51.71). The predominant symptoms were fatigue, pain, dyspnoea, insomnia, and appetite loss. Most of the symptoms were negatively correlated with the functional scales of EORTC-QLQ-C30. Better perceived health and ΗRQOL were related to the absence of recurrence and higher educational level. All functional scales were significantly affected by recurrence. Gender, income status, metastases, information about the diagnosis and months elapsed since diagnosis significantly affected only some functional scales. These results can be used to identify patients at high risk for having poor HRQOL and to improve their therapy plan. Future research is suggested, in order to further investigate and clarify the study’s results.

关键词： Lung Cancer HRQOL Demographic Characteristics Medical Characteristics EORTC-QLQ-C30

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Development of a Competitiveness Improvement Framework for Forensic Science Laboratories

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Engineering（科研） 2019年第9期11卷 604-641页

作者： Gloria Cuthbert Omari Samwel Victor Manyele george Mwaluko Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering College of Engineering and Technology University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Government Chemist Laboratory Authority Dar es Salaam Tanzania

This study presents a methodology used in developing the competitiveness improvement framework (CIF) for laboratories, in particular, Forensic Science Laboratories (FSLs). The cyclic nature of FSL processes allowed data collection for the purpose of identification of factors affecting FSL performance (cause factors). Flow charts were used to represent mathematical formulations for cause factor measurements and quantification of the baseline data on turnaround time (TAT), backlogs for case files (Bg), turnaround time in the supply chain (Tsc), and employee absenteeism (Ab). By quantifying the cause factors in addition to academic development coefficient (Ad) and complex longevity (lc) for FSL employees, it was possible to establish the organizational design features requiring improvements. The relevance of cause factors to FSL stakeholders and means of improvement and sustainability were established. A detailed road map towards CIF was presented using D-MAIC methodology. The rated cause factors based on challenges in the FSL business environment were subjected to Pareto analysis to prioritize the challenges in order to improve FSLs’ competitiveness. The interrelationship between the three dimensions of competitiveness improvement (process, performance and planning) was presented in terms of the affected six cause factors. Also, the potential lean practices for improving competitiveness of FSL based on measured cause factors have been presented. This paper introduced methods and measures for improving operational competitiveness of laboratories. The CIF was finally presented in a form of a series of three flow charts summarizing all steps implemented in its development with inputs and cause factors involved.

关键词： Competitiveness Improvement Laboratory Process Variations Organizational Performance Factors Pareto Analysis Dimensions of Competitiveness Wastes in Laboratory Processes D-MAIC Methodology

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