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Haloacetic acids in swim.ing pool and spa water in the United States and China

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第6期8卷 820-824页

作者： Xiaomao WANG garcia leal m.i Xiaolu ZHANG Hongwei YANG Yuefeng XiE School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Chemical Engineering University of Cantabria Avenida de los Castros s/n 39005 Santander Cantabria Spain Environmental Engineering Program The Pennsylvania State University 777 West Harrisburg Pike Middletown PA 17057 USA

The objective of this study is to investigate the occurrence of haloacetic acids （HAAs）, a group of disinfection byproducts, in swim.ing pool and spa water. The samples were collected from six indoor pools, six outdoor pools and three spas in Pennsylvania, the United States, and from five outdoor pools and nine indoor pools in Beijing, China. Five HAAs （HAA5）, including monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid were analyzed. Total chlorine, pH and total organic carbon concentration were analyzed as well. Results indicated that the levels of HAA5 in swim.ing pools and spas in the United States ranged from 70 to 3980μg·L^-1, with an arithmetic average at 1440μg·L^-1 and a median level at 1150μg·L^-1. These levels are much higher than the levels reported in chlorinated drinking water and are likely due to organic matters released from swimmers＇ bodies. The levels of HAA5 in swim.ing pools in China ranged from 13 to 332μg·L^-1, with an arithmetic average at 117μg·L^-1 and a median level at 114μg·L^-1. The lower HAA levels in swim.ing pools in China were due to the lower chlorine residuals. Results from this study can help water professionals to better understand the formation and stability of HAAs in chlorinated water and assess risks associated with exposures to HAAs in swim.ing pools and spas.

关键词： chlorination disinfection byproduct haloacetic acid swim.ing pool trihalomethane

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Challenges and improvement strategies in the hospitalization of chronic multimorbid patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 35-41页

作者： Andres Fontalba-Navas Francisco Pozo muñoz Rogelio garcia Cisneros maria Jose garcia Larrosa maria del mar Callejon Gil ignacio garcia Delgado maria Belen Jimenez martinez Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200AndalusiaSpain Department of Public Health and Psychiatry University of MálagaMálaga 29010Spain Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Antequera Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200MálagaSpain

BACKGROUND Addressing the growing challenge of hospitalizing chronic multimorbid patients,this study examines the strain these conditions impose on healthcare systems at a local level,focusing on a pilot *** diseases and complex patients require comprehensive management strategies to reduce healthcare burdens and improve patient *** proven effective,this pilot model has the potential to be replicated in other healthcare settings to enhance the management of chronic multimorbid *** To evaluate the effectiveness of the high complexity unit(HCU)in managing chronic multimorbid patients through a multidisciplinary care model and to compare it with standard hospital *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the Basic minimum Data Set(BmDS)to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the internal medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the BmDS to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the internal medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HCU in managing patients with complex chronic diseases through a multidisciplinary *** coordinated care provided by the HCU results in improved patient outcomes,reduced unnecessary hospitalizations,and better management of patient *** superiority of the HCU compared to standard care is evident in key outcomes such as fewer readmissions and higher patient satisfaction,reinforcing its value as a model of ca

关键词： High complexity unit Chronic multimorbidity Patient-centered care integrated care Healthcare management

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A new strategy for corrosion protection of porous stainless steel using polypyrrole films

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2020年第2期37卷 85-95页

作者： C.garcia-Cabezon C.garcia-Hernandez m.L.Rodriguez-mendez F.martin-Pedrosa materials Engineering E.I.I.Universidad de Valladolid47011 ValladolidSpain UVASENS E.I.I.Universidad de Valladolid47011 ValladolidSpain

in this work,a method to improve the protection against corrosion of porous sintered stainless steel is *** is based on the electrodeposition of polypyrrole(PPy)layers doped with a large size counterion such as dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid(DBSA),a conducting polymer with high corrosion resistance and good *** efficacy of PPy coating depends on the adequate adhesion between the metal substrate and the coating *** protection against corrosion has been tested using 316 L stainless steel(SS)powder sintered at different conditions to evaluate the effect of the sintering atmosphere(nitrogen and vacuum)and cooling rates(furnace and water)on corrosion resistance,while wrought 316 L SS has been used as reference *** addition,two electrochemical deposition techniques have been tested to select the most *** circuit potential evolution,anodic polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectra have been used to evaluate corrosion protection in phosphate buffer saline *** has been evidenced that a more homogeneous and stable coating was obtained in the case of porous stainless *** corrosion potential shifted to nobler values and the anodic polarization branch became more *** porous samples have a good passivation performance with a lower stable passive current density and a higher breakdown *** transfer electronic resistance and the impedance module increase more than one order of ***,the porosity of sintered stainless steel is seen as an advantage for the improvement of the adherence of the PPy *** best corrosion protection is found for samples sintered in nitrogen and water-cooled.

关键词： Stainless steel Powder metallurgy Protection corrosion Electrodeposited films Polymer coatings

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Land-use change and windstorms legacies drove the recolonization dynamics of laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary islands

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 113-124页

作者： Vicente Rozas maria A.garcia-Lopez Jose m.Olano Gabriel Sanguesa-Barreda miguel garcia-Hidalgo Susana Gomez-Gonzalez Roberto Lopez-Rubio Jose m.Fernandez-Palacios ignacio garcia-Gonzalez Laura Lozano-Lopez Paula garcia-Gonzalez Ana i.garcia-Cervigon EiFAB-iuFOR Universidad de ValladolidCampus Duques de Soria42004SoriaSpain Departamento de Biologia-iVAGRO Universidad de CadizCampus Rio San Pedro11510Puerto RealSpain Center for Climate and Resilience Research(CR)2 Blanco Encalada 20028370449SantiagoChile Area de Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipan s/n28933MostolesSpain Grupo de Ecologia y Biogeografia insular Universidad de La Laguna38206La LagunaTenerifeSpain BiOAPLiC Departamento de BotanicaEscola Politecnica Superior de EnxenariaCampus TerraUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaLugo27002Spain

Laurel forests are quite relevant for biodiversity conservation and are among the island ecosystems most severely damaged by human *** the past,Canary laurel forests have been greatly altered by logging,livestock and *** rem.ins of laurel forests are currently protected in the Canary islands(Spain).However,we miss basic information needed for their restoration and adaptive management,such as tree longevity,growth potential and responsiveness to natural and anthropogenic *** dendrochronological methods,we studied how forest dynamic is related to land-use change and windstorms in two well-preserved laurel forests on Tenerife *** cores were collected from over 80 trees per stand at three stands per *** used ring-width series to estimate tree ages and calculate annual basal area increments(BAi),cumulative diameter increases,and changes indicative of released and suppressed *** tree species were found in all stands,with Laurus novocanariensis,ilex canariensis and morella faya being the most common *** some individuals were over 100 years old,61.8%-88.9% of the trees per stand established between 1940 and 1970,coinciding with a post-war period of land abandonment,rural exodus and the onset of a tourism *** trees have shown growth rates larger than 1 cm diameter per year and most species have had increasing BAi trends over the past *** growth releases occurred after windstorms at both sites,but the effects of windstorms were site-dependent,with the 1958 storm affecting m.inly the eastern tip of the island(Anaga massif)and the 1991 storm the western tip(Teno massif).Given the great ability of laurel forest trees to establish after land use cessation and to increase growth after local disturbances such as windstorms,passive restoration may be sufficient to regenerate this habitat in currently degraded areas.

关键词： Canary islands Dendroecology Disturbance Forest structure macaronesia management cessation Tree rings

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Prospects for sociogenomics in avian cooperative breeding and parental care

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Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 293-306页

作者： Flavia TERmiGNONi-garcia matthew i.m.LOUDER Christopher N.BALAKRiSHNAN Lauren O’CONNELL Scott V.EDWARDS Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA international Research Center for Neurointelligence The University of TokyoHongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

For the last 40 years,the study of cooperative breeding(CB)in birds has proceeded primarily in the context of discovering the ecological,geographical,and behavioral drivers of *** advent of molecular tools in the early 1990s assisted in clarifying the relatedness of helpers to those helped,in some cases,confirming predictions of kin selection *** for genome-wide analysis of sequence variation,gene expression,and epigenetics promise to add new dimensions to our understanding of avian CB,primarily in the area of molecular and developmental correlates of delayed breeding and dispersal,as well as the ontogeny of achieving parental status in ***,we outline key ways in which modern-omics approaches,in particular genome sequencing,transcriptomics,and epigenetic profiling such as ATAC-seq,can be used to add a new level of ana-lysis of avian *** on recent and ongoing studies of avian social behavior and sociogenom.ics,we review how high-throughput sequencing of a focal species or clade can provide a robust foundation for downstream,context-dependent destructive and non-destructive sampling of spe-cific tissues or physiological states in the field for analysis of gene expression and epigenetics.-Omics approaches have the potential to inform not only studies of the diversification of CB over evolutionary time,but real-time analyses of behavioral interactions in the field or *** of birds represents a new branch in the network of methods used to study CB,and can help clarify ways in which the different levels of analysis of CB ultimately interact in novel and unexpected ways.

关键词： ATAC-seq behavior convergent evolution epigenetics neurobiology phylogeny

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On SiR epidemic models with generally distributed infectious periods： Number of secondary cases and probability of infection

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international Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第2期10卷 157-169页

作者： A. Gomez-Corral m. Lopez-garcia instituto de Ciencias matemdticas CSIC- UAM- UC3M- UCM Calle Nicolds Cabrera 13-15 Madrid 28049 Spain Department of Applied mathematics School of Mathematics University of Leeds Leeds LS29JT UK

Recently, Clancy [SiR epidemic models with general infectious period distribution, Statist. Prob. Left. 85 （2014） 1-5] has shown how SiR epidemics in which individuals＇ infection periods are not necessarily exponentially distributed may be modeled in terms of a piecewise-deterministic markov process （PDmP）. in this paper, we present a more detailed description of the underlying PDmP, from which we analyze the population transmission number and the infection probability of a certain susceptible individual.

关键词： Number of secondary cases piecewise-deterministic markov process proba-bility of infection SiR epidemic model.

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A Single JAZ Repressor Controls the Jasmonate Pathway in marchantia polymorpha

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molecular Plant 2019年第2期12卷 185-198页

作者： isabel monte Jose m. Franco-Zorrilla Gloria garcia-Casado Angel m. Zamarreno Jose m. garcia-mina Ryuichi Nishihama Takayuki Kohchi Roberto Solano Department of Plant molecular Genetics Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CNB-CSIC) 28049 Madrid Spain Genomics Unit Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CNB-CSIC) 28049 Madrid Spain Environmental Biology Department University of Navarra Navarre Spain Graduate School of Biostudies Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan

JAZ proteins are negative regulators of jasm onate responses,acting both as repressors of transcription factors and as co-receptors of JA-lle. The high redundancy of JAZ genes in angiosperms has hindered the characterization of a complete depletion of JAZ function. moreover, the recent discovery that dn- OPDA is the jasmonate ligand in marchantia polymorpha demonstrates that JA-lle is not the sole COi1/ JAZ ligand in land plants and highlights the importance of studying JAZ co-receptors in bryophytes? Here, we have exploited the low gene redundancy of the liverwort m. polymorpha to characterize the single mpJ4Z in this early diverging plant lineage. We clarify the phylogenetic history of the TiFY family, demonstrate that mpJAZ is the ortholog of AtJAZ with a conserved function, and characterize its repressor activity of dn-OPDA resp on ses. Our results show that, con sistent with previous findings in Arabidopsis, mpJAZ represses jasmonates biosynthesis, senescence, and plant defenses, and promotes cell growth and reproductive fitness, highlighting the power of studies in marchantia.

关键词： Jasmonate repressors marchantia Hormone signaling evolution gene redundancy

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Bioleaching of zinc from gold ores using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

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international Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2009年第4期16卷 368-374页

作者： Pakawadee Kaewkannetra Francisco Jose garcia-garcia Tze Yen Chiu Department of Biotechnology Faculty of TechnologyKhon Kaen University Corrosion and Protection Centre School of MaterialsThe University of Manchester Centre of Water Science Cranfield University

The present work investigated microbial leaching of zinc from ore using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans （ATCC 14859）. The ore samples, consisted of 13wt% zinc, were obtained from a gold mine in north-eastern Thailand. A shake flask study was performed on the ore samples using a rotary shaker under the following fixed conditions （250 r·min^-1, 30℃ for 16 d）. The influence of various conditions, namely medium type （with and without iron）, particle ore size （〈20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-100, and 〉100 mesh）, ore density （20 kg·m^-3, 50 kg·m^-3, and 100 kg·m^-3）, and pH of the medium （2, 2.5, 2.8, and 3）, were investigated. The microbial leaching was assessed by determining the concentration of zinc in the medium and compared with the initial sample concentration. The results show that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans can successfully leach zinc by as much as 6 times compared with the control experiment （without Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ferrooxidans）. The maximum efficiency （92.3%） for microbial leaching is obtained in iron-containing medium, 20-40 mesh ore sizes, 20 kg·m^-3 ore density at pH 2.8, and the zinc content is found in the medium at about 120 mg·m^-1.

关键词： bioleaching Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans gold ores gold mine

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Geodesic Vulnerability Approach for identification of Critical Buses in Power Systems

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第1期9卷 37-45页

作者： Jesus Beyza Eduardo garcia-Paricio Hector F.Ruiz Jose m.Yusta instituto Tecnologico de morelia Avenida Tecnologico 1500Lomas de Santiaguito58120Mexico the Department of Electrical Engineering University of ZaragozaC/Maria de Luna 350018Spain

One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of critical buses. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new methodology that evaluates the substitution of the power flow technique by the geodesic vulnerability index to identify critical nodes in power *** methods are applied comparatively to demonstrate the scope of the proposed approach. The applicability of the methodology is illustrated using the iEEE 118-bus test system as a case study. To identify the critical components, a node is initially disconnected, and the performance of the resulting topology is evaluated in the face of simulations for multiple cascading faults. Cascading events are simulated by randomly removing assets on a system that continually changes its structure with the elimination of each component. Thus, the classification of the critical nodes is determined by evaluating the resulting performance of 118 different topologies and calculating the damaged area for each of the disintegration curves of cascading failures. in summary, the feasibility and suitability of complex network theory are justified to identify critical nodes in power systems.

关键词： Power system critical node complex network theory cascading failure load flow

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A pathophysiology-based approach to the management ot early priapism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 20-26页

作者： Jason R Kovac Siu K mak maurice m garcia Tom FLue Scott Department of Urology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Prince of Wales HosPital Hong Kong China Department of Urology University of California San Francisco CA 94143 USA

Priapism.is a rare condition that involves persistent penile erection for greater than 4 h. Distinct variants exist, each with unique characteristics. ischemic priapism.is a painful medical emergency that may occur as a result of veno-occlusion leading to hypoxia and tissue death. Recurrent bouts of ischemic priapism, or stuttering priapism, require treatment for individual attacks as well as long-term prevention. Non-ischemic priapism.is associated with trauma and may be managed conservatively. Recent advances into the pathophysiology of priapism have allowed the development of treatment algorithms that specifically target the mechanisms involved. in this review, we outline the basics of smooth muscle contraction and describe how derangement of these pathways results in priapism. A pathophysiological approach to the treatment of priapism.is proposed with duration-based algorithms presented to assist in management.

关键词： algorithm ischemic management priapism T-shunt tunneling

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