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Non-host plants:Are they mycorrhizal networks players?

Plant Diversity 2022年第2期44卷 127-134页

作者： Yanliang Wang Xinhua He fuqiang yu The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green DevelopmentKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650201China Department of Land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of California at DavisDavisCA95616USA School of Biological Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia

Common mycorrhizal networks(CMNs)that connect individual plants of the same or different species together play important roles in nutrient and signal transportation,and plant community ***,about 10%of land plants are non-mycorrhizal species with roots that do not form any wellrecognized types of mycorrhizas;and each mycorrhizal fungus can only colonize a limited number of plant species,resulting in numerous non-host plants that could not establish typical mycorrhizal symbiosis with a specific mycorrhizal *** and how non-mycorrhizal or non-host plants are able to involve in CMNs remains *** we summarize studies focusing on mycorrhizal-mediated host and non-host plant *** has showed that some host-supported both arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)and ectomycorrhizal(EM)hyphae can access to non-host plant roots without forming typical mycorrhizal structures,while such non-typical mycorrhizal colonization often inhibits the growth but enhances the induced system resistance of non-host ***,the host growth is also differentially affected,depending on plant and fungi *** analyses suggested that the AMF colonization to non-hosts is different from pathogenic and endophytic fungi colonization,and the hyphae in non-host roots may be alive and have some unknown *** we propose that non-host plants are also important CMNs *** non-mycorrhizal model species Arabidopsis,tripartite culture system and new technologies such as nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry and multiomics,to study nutrient and signal transportation between host and non-host plants via CMNs may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying benefits of intercropping and agro-forestry systems,as well as plant community establishment and stability.

关键词： Colonization Mycorrhizal networks Non-hosts Tripartite interaction

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Design, synthesis, and fungicidal activity of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第6期29卷 915-918页

作者： fuqiang yu Aiying Guan Mengru Li Lan Hu Xiaowu Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Material Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of MaterialsMinistry of Education Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co.Ltd.

Employing the intermediate derivatization method（IDM）, twenty novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives containing arylpyrazoloxyl moiety were designed and synthesized. The structures of the title compounds were identified by1 H NMR,13 C NMR, MS and elemental analyses, compound 4 was further identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Antifungal activities against rice sheath blight（RSB） and sorghum anthracnose（SA） were evaluated by the mycelium linear growth rate method. Compounds 4, 16 and 20 displayed significant activities against RSB（EC50= 0.88 mg/L, 0.91 mg/L and 0.85 mg/L, respectively）,higher than the reference tebuconazole; While compound 3 exhibited higher activity against SA（EC50= 1.03 mg/L）, equal to commercial pyraclostrobin（EC50= 1.06 mg/L）. The study showed that compound 20 is a promising fungicide for further development.

关键词： 1,3,4-Oxadiazole derivatives Intermediate derivatization method Rice sheath blight Sorghum anthracnose Structure-activity relationship

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Novel umami peptides from two Termitomyces mushrooms and molecular docking to the taste receptor T1R1/T1R3

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 1055-1064页

作者： Lanyun Zhang Li Zhang Jesus Pérez-Moreno Lu Bin Fengming Zhang fuqiang yu The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green DevelopmentKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China College of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China College of Food Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Colegio Postgraduados Campus MontecilloEdafologíaTexcoco 56230México Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Use in the Southwest Mountains of China Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China

Wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms are popular in Southwest China and umami is important flavor qualities of edible *** study aimed to understand the umami taste of Termitomyces intermedius and Termitomyces *** umami peptides from aqueous extracts were separated using a Sephadex G-15 gel filtration *** intense umami fraction was evaluated by both sensory evaluation and electronic *** were identified as KLNDAQAPK,DSTDEKFLR,VGKGAHLSGEH,MLKKKKLA,SLGFGGPPGY,TVATFSSSTKPDD,AMDDDEADLLLLAM,VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and *** peptides,except VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and PEGADKPNK were selectively synthesized to verify their taste *** these 10 peptides had umami or salt *** 10 peptides were conducted by molecular docking to study their interaction with identified peptides and the umami taste receptor T1R1/*** these 10 peptides perfectly docked the active residues in the T1R3 *** results provide theoretical basis for the umami taste and address the umami mechanism of two wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms.

关键词： Termitomyces Non-volatile flavor compounds Umami peptides Taste characteristics Molecular docking

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Aroma profile of two commercial truffle species from yunnan and Sichuan,China:inter-and intraspecific variability and shared key compounds

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2021年第2期10卷 163-173页

作者： Bin Lu Jesús Perez-Moreno Fengming Zhang Andrea C.Rinaldi fuqiang yu yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunmingChina Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo.TexcocoMéxico Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilisation in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of EducationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina Department of Biomedical Sciences University of CagliariI-09042 Monserrato(CA)Italy

Aroma is central to the worldwide success of truffles as gourmet food and the high prices paid for these edible *** this study,volatile organic compounds(VOCs)from fruiting bodies of two Chinese truffles of commercial relevance,Tuber indicum and Tuber pseudohimalayense,were analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).We aimed to characterize the aroma profile and determine whether it would be influenced by provenance and stage of *** thus collected and analyzed young,middle mature and mature fruiting bodies of each species from different locations in yunnan and Sichuan provinces,located in southwestern ***,76 VOCs were identified,belonging to different chemical classes,*** and phenols,aldehydes and ketones,benzenes and methoxy compounds,hydrocarbons and amines.A large number of volatiles identified in *** and *** are reported here for the first time for these *** more than 50%of identified VOCs were produced by both truffle species,considerable differences were present in the aroma profiles of fruiting bodies collected at various maturation stages,revealing a dynamic pattern in the biosynthesis of ***,truffles of different provenance had distinct proportions of volatile constituents,suggesting that,besides genetic factors,edaphic and microclimatic conditions influence the synthesis of VOCs in a complex manner.

关键词： Edible mushrooms HS-SPME Tuber Volatile organic compounds

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Land rehabilitation improves edaphic conditions and increases soil microbial biomass and abundance

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Soil Ecology Letters 2020年第2期2卷 145-156页

作者： Dong Liu Baorong Wang Parag Bhople Fayzmamad Davlatbekov fuqiang yu CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650224China SWFU-KIB CAS Joint Institute for Applied Mycology Kunming 650224China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Department of Soil Biology and Plant Nutrition Faculty of Organic Agricultural SciencesUniversity of KasselNordbahnhofstr.1a37213 WitzenhausenGermany College of International Education Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Rehabilitation of farmland improves the local eco-environmental *** to what extent this transformation influences soil microbial properties is less *** our study we compared variations in soil microbial attributes following changes in land-use types to understand the influence of altered soil properties on microbial biomass and their community structure using chloroform fumigation extraction method and phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)*** this purpose,3 agricultural(AL)(farmland,apple orchard and 2 years abandoned land)and 4 rehabilitated lands(RL)of various vegetations grassland,shrubland,mixed forest(Amorpha fruticosa and Pinus tabuliformis Carr.)and forest(Robinia pseudoacacia)were *** results showed higher soil organic carbon(SOC)contents in RL soils(forest>mixed forest>grassland>shrub land)than that in AL *** RL soils,soil microbial biomass and abundance of group specific PLFA were significantly higher than those in AL *** different land-use types,microbial community was bacteria dominated over *** microbial physiological indices(G^(+)/G^(-),cyc/prec and S/M)indicated decreased environmental stress in RL soils in comparison with AL *** loess soils,SOC and total N correlated positively(p<0.05)with microbial biomass C,N and P and also with fungal and bacterial PLFA,indicating a positive microbial mediation in improving soil *** together,our findings suggest that land rehabilitation,especially Robinia pseudoacacia planation,improves overall edaphic conditions and accelerates soil microbial biomass accumulation in local regions.

关键词： Land-use change Soil microbial carbon Chloroform fumigation extraction PLFA Physiological indices

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Contribution to Confirmed &Synthesized on Mycorrhizae of <i>Tuber indicum</i>s.l. with Two Dominated &Subalpine Broadleaf Trees in Southwestern China

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 3269-3279页

作者： Xiaojuan Deng fuqiang yu Peigui Liu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China College of Biological Science and Engineering Beifang University of Nationalities Yinchuan China

The ascomata and mycorrhizae of Tuber indicum s.l. were collected under the forest of broad-leaf species Populus yunnanensis and Quercus pannosa in the field respectively. The symbiotic relationships of both trees with T. indicum were examined and affirmed based on morphology and ITS-rDNA sequences. These two mycorrhizal combinations were successfully produced on artificially controlled substrates and cultural condition. This is the first report of a mycorrhizal association and synthesis between Chinese black truffles and poplars. A hyphal net covering the mantle’s surface of the mycorrhizae was detected in both mycorrhizal combinations. The mycorrhizal colonization of P. yunnanensis and Q. pannosa suggests that T. indicum s.l. has a broader host range and that additional corresponding wood species would be used as candidates for the cultivation of T. indicum. The nuclear-ITS sequences of the mycorrhizae included in the phylogeny of the T. indicum complex revealed that the two clades within the complex do not markedly differ with respect to their preferences for host species or geographical origin. Our results help to explain the wide distribution of both clades of the T. indicum complex. It would be more important for truffle conservation and Chinese black truffle plantation development with these two dominated & alpestrine Populus yunnanensis and Quercus pannosa at subalpine limestone areas in China.

关键词： Host Preference Populus yunnanensis Quercus pannosa Mycorrhizae Truffle Conservation & Plantation

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西方书籍史视野下的社会秩序变迁

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现代出版 2019年第3期 70-75页

作者：余富强南京大学社会学院

本文以罗伯特·达恩顿提出的书籍循环交流模型为引子,评述了书籍与社会秩序变迁之关系。对地下书籍对于旧制度秩序的解构而言,达恩顿在书籍流通环节忽略了对于书报检查制度内部复杂性的分析,而在书籍阅读环节缺少对地下书籍的“去合法... 详细信息

本文以罗伯特·达恩顿提出的书籍循环交流模型为引子,评述了书籍与社会秩序变迁之关系。对地下书籍对于旧制度秩序的解构而言,达恩顿在书籍流通环节忽略了对于书报检查制度内部复杂性的分析,而在书籍阅读环节缺少对地下书籍的“去合法性”具体机制的剖析。秩序解构只是书籍社会功能的可能性负面后果,建构秩序更是书籍生产和传播的主要目的。解读书籍的秩序建构,需要分析读者、作者、文本在特定社会历史背景中的动态互构,进而理解个体的阅读实践如何走向个体或群体行动。同时,地下书籍的出版及传播,存在批判和政治安全阀等正向功能,而非天然指向秩序解构。因此,可以从建立和完善阅读控制体系、舆情应对机制、安全阀功能等层面入手,实现既有秩序的正面重塑与优化。

关键词：书籍循环交流模型社会秩序建构解构合法性

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中学生体育锻炼影响因素研究——基于CEPS(2014-2015)数据的多层模型

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体育科学 2019年第1期39卷 76-84页

作者：胡鹏辉余富强南京大学社会学院江苏南京210046

以CEPS(2014—2015)数据为基础,采用多层线性模型(HLM),从个体特征、家庭和学校层面来探讨中学生体育锻炼的影响因素。研究发现:体育兴趣、身体健康意识、健康教育课程、独生子女身份、学业压力、父母的受教育水平、家庭经济条件、学校... 详细信息

以CEPS(2014—2015)数据为基础,采用多层线性模型(HLM),从个体特征、家庭和学校层面来探讨中学生体育锻炼的影响因素。研究发现:体育兴趣、身体健康意识、健康教育课程、独生子女身份、学业压力、父母的受教育水平、家庭经济条件、学校区位和学校体育设施对中学生的体育锻炼参与时间有积极而显著的影响,媒介使用则发挥显著的消极作用,但性别、身体肥胖感知和学校课程时间并无显著影响。因此,对于学校和家庭而言,一方面要多开展体育健康教育,培育学生的体育锻炼意识、兴趣和自律性,并有效控制其媒介使用时间;另一方面,要重视体育活动的开展,创造良好的体育锻炼环境,并支持和督促学生多进行体育锻炼。

关键词：中学生体育锻炼兴趣意识体育设施

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国外小学教师职业女性化话语研究及启示

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教育科学 2018年第3期34卷 75-81页

作者：余富强胡鹏辉南京大学社会学院江苏南京210023

考察教师职业女性化话语,有助于深入反思性别比例失衡现状。从历史进程来看,女性进入教师职业的进程是职业性别分工的结果,其自始至终受制于男性统治。教师职业女性化被视为学校教育的威胁,而重新"男性化"则被作为解决办法。国外研究表... 详细信息

考察教师职业女性化话语,有助于深入反思性别比例失衡现状。从历史进程来看,女性进入教师职业的进程是职业性别分工的结果,其自始至终受制于男性统治。教师职业女性化被视为学校教育的威胁,而重新"男性化"则被作为解决办法。国外研究表明,小学教师性别差异对儿童学业成就影响微弱,对儿童性别气质的影响存在争议,需要进一步学术研究加以澄清。重新"男性化"的话语聚焦于男性气质是否恰当,并简单地将男性教师性别气质分为"超级英雄"和"恶魔"两种类型。这种对于男性教师性别角色的刻板想象,削弱和扭曲了男性教师的自我认同,使得男性教师性别角色的扮演往往难以实现。面对小学教师职业的女性化现象,需要深入反思女性化话语背后性别本质主义的意识形态。

关键词：小学教师女性化话语性别角色性别本质主义

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吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉类化合物合成研究进展

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有机化学 2018年第11期38卷 2866-2878页

作者：丛文霞王莉于福强李纪兴临沂大学化学化工学院临沂276000 临沂大学物理与电子工程学院临沂276000 东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳110819

吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉类化合物是广泛存在于天然产物和生物活性分子中一类重要的含氮杂环化合物.因而,吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉骨架,特别是取代的吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉的合成具有重要理论和实际意义.较全面总结近几十年里吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉... 详细信息

吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉类化合物是广泛存在于天然产物和生物活性分子中一类重要的含氮杂环化合物.因而,吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉骨架,特别是取代的吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉的合成具有重要理论和实际意义.较全面总结近几十年里吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉和4,5-二氢吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉类化合物的合成研究进展,对该领域所存在的问题和局限性进行了总结并对今后的发展作出展望.

关键词：吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉 4,5-二氢吡咯并[1,2-a]喹喔啉氧化研究进展

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