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Effect of ezetimibe on the prevalence of cholelithiasis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第40期18卷 5789-5792页

作者： Assaf Stein Doron Hermoni Avishay Elis fred m konikoff Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Tel AvivMeir Medical CenterKfar Saba 44281Israel Department of Family medicine Clalit Health Services SharonNetanya 42470Israel Department of medicine A University of Tel AvivMeir Medical CenterKfar Saba 44281Israel

AIm： To investigate the prevalence of cholelithiasis among patients treated with ezetimibe. mETHODS： A retrospective, case-control study based on computerized medical records from patients of the Clalit Health Services, Sharon-Shomron region, from 2000 to 2009. Patients 20-85 years of age, who had been treated with ezetimibe and statins or statins only for at least 6 too, and who had an abdominal ultrasound were included in the study. Collected data included age, gender, ezetimibe treatment duration, presence of hypothyroidism or diabetes, and existence of cholelithiasis as determined by ultrasound. Ex- cluded were subjects after gallbladder resection, with hemolysis, myeloproliferative or inflammatory bowel diseases, and those treated with ursodeoxycholic acid and fibrates. Patients treated with statins and ezeti- mibe （study group） were compared to patients treated with statins only （control group）. RESULTS： The study group included 25 patients and the control group 168. All patients in the study were treated with statins. The study group included 13 males （52%） and 12 females （48%）, the control group 76 males （45%） and 92 （55%） females （P = 0.544）. The groups did not differ in age （mean age： 68 ± 8 years, range 53-85 years vs mean age： 71±8 years, range 51-85 years; P = 0.153） or in the rate of dia- betic and hypothyroid patients [11 （44%） vs 57 （33%）, P = 0.347 in the study group and 5 （20%） vs 23 （14%）, P = 0.449 in the control group, respectively]. Patients in the study group were treated with ezetimibe for an average of 798±379 d. Cholelithiasis was found in 4 （16%） patients in the study group and in 33 （20%） patients in the control group （P = 0.666）. CONCLUSION： Ezetimibe does not appear to influ- ence the prevalence of gallstones.

关键词： Bile Cholesterol Neiman-Pick Cl-like Re-ceptor Gallstones Ezetimibe

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Application of Predictive model for Efficient Cassava (manihot esculenta Crantz) Yield in the Face of Climate Variability in Enugu State, Nigeria

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 361-389页

作者： Emeka Bright Ogbuene Tonia Nkiru Nwobodo Obianuju Gertrude Aloh Achoru fred Emeka Josiah C. Ogbuka Vivian Amarachi Ozorme Andrew m. Oroke Obiageli Jacinta Okolo Anwara Obianuju Amara E. S. Enemuo Centre for Environmental management and Control (CEmAC) University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Geography University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Geography and meteorology Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT) Enugu Nigeria School of Civil Engineering Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Climate variability as occasioned by conditions such as extreme rainfall and temperature, rainfall cessation, and irregular temperatures has considerable impact on crop yield and food security. This study develops a predictive model for cassava yield (manihot esculenta Crantz) amidst climate variability in rainfed zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. This study utilized data of climate variables and tonnage of cassava yield spanning from 1971 to 2012;as well as information from a questionnaire and focus group discussion from farmers across two seasons in 2023 respectively. Regression analysis was employed to develop the predictive model equation for seasonal climate variability and cassava yield. The rainfall and temperature anomalies, decadal change in trend of cassava yield and opinion of farmers on changes in rainfall season were also computed in the study. The result shows the following relationship between cassava and all the climatic variables: R2 = 0.939;P = 0.00514;Cassava and key climatic variables: R2 = 0.560;P = 0.007. The result implies that seasonal rainfall, temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hours and radiation parameters are key climatic variables in cassava production. This is supported by computed rainfall and temperature anomalies which range from −478.5 to 517.8 mm as well as −1.2˚C to 2.3˚C over the years. The questionnaire and focus group identified that farmers experienced at one time or another, late onset of rain, early onset of rain or rainfall cessation over the years. The farmers are not particularly sure of rainfall and temperature characteristics at any point in time. The implication of the result of this study is that rainfall and temperature parameters determine the farming season and quantity of productivity. Hence, there is urgent need to address the situation through effective and quality weather forecasting network which will help stem food insecurity in the study area and Nigeria at large. The study made recommendations such as a

关键词： Climate Variability Cassava (manihot esculenta Crantz) Predictive model Yield

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Principles of economics / fred m. Gottheil.

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1996年

作者： fred m. Gottheil.

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GIS-Based multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (mCDA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Techniques to Derive Flood Risks management on Rice Productivity in Gishari marshland

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 222-249页

作者： Jean Nepo Nsengiyumva Emmanuel Nshimiyimana Jean marie Ntakirutimana Phocas musabyimana Yvonne Akimana fred Shema Set Niyitanga Séverin Hishamunda Callixte musinga mpamabara Eliezel Habineza Department of Agricultural Engineering Rwanda Polytechnic IPRC Gishari Rwamagana Rwanda Department of Environmental Information System University of Lay Adventist of Kigali Kigali Campus Kigali Rwanda School of Environmental Science and Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China Department of Agricultural and Resources Economics School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Kigali Campus Kigali Rwanda Department of Smart Agriculture System Hankyong National University Anseong Kyonggi South Korea

Floods are phenomenon with significant socio-economic implications mainly for human loss, agriculture, livestock, soil loss and land degradation, for which many researchers try to identify the most appropriate methodologies by analyzing their temporal and spatial development. This study therefore attempts to employ the GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis and analytical hierarchy process techniques to derive the flood risks management on rice productivity in the Gishari Agricultural marshland in Rwamagana district, Rwanda. Here, six influencing potential factors to flooding, including river slope, soil texture, Land Use Land Cover through Land Sat 8, rainfall, river distance and Digital Elevation model are considered for the delineation of flood risk zones. Data acquisition like Landsat 8 images, DEm, land use land cover, slope, and soil class in the study area were considered. Results showed that if the DEm is outdated or inaccurate due to changes in the terrain, such as construction, excavation, or erosion, the predicted flood patterns might not reflect the actual water flow. This could result unexpected flood extents and depths, potentially inundating rice fields that were not previously at risk and this, expectedly explained that the increase 1 m in elevation would reduce the rice productivity by 0.17% due to unplanned flood risks in marshland. It was found that the change in rainfall distribution in Gishari agricultural marshland would also decrease the rice productivity by 0.0018%, which is a sign that rainfall is a major factor of flooding in rice scheme. Rainfall distribution plays a crucial role in flooding analysis and can directly impact rice productivity. Oppositely, another causal factor was Land Use Land Cover (LULC), where the multivariate Logistic Regression model Analysis findings showed that the increase of one unit in Land Use Land Cover would increase rice productivity by 0.17% of the total rice productivity from the Gishari Agricultural ma

关键词： multi Criteria Decision Analysis (mCDA) Analytical Hierarchy Analysis (AHA) GIS RS and DEm

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Laparoscopic Surgery of Incisional Hernia: Technique and Short-Term Results in Three Surgical Units in Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 232-243页

作者： Guy Aristide Bang Eric Patrick Savom Achille Aimé Bekolo Otiti fred Dikongue Dikongue mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar Richard II mbele Cédric Paterson Atangana Daniel Biwole Biwole Arthur Essomba Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Incisional hernia is a common medical situation and its treatment has always been a challenge for general surgeons. If laparoscopic repair has become a gold standard elsewhere, it is increasingly done in our milieu, but no data has been found. The aim of this study was to review this surgery done in our country so far, to describe the operative technique and to evaluate the postoperative outcomes. Patients and methods: We conducted an observational descriptive study with retrospective collection of data from the 1st of July 2018 to 30th of June 2022, in three hospitals in Cameroon. Data on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, surgical technique and postoperative outcomes of patients who had a laparoscopic repair of their incisional hernia were collected. Results: We reviewed 20 files. There were 14 women with an average age of 54.6 years. The average BmI was 32.8 kg/m2. Thirteen patients had a moderate size hernia and the hernia was localized at the midline in 18 cases. Only composite biface meshes were used with dimensions chosen to obtain at least 5 cm overlap. Spiral tacks were the only fixation means used. We registered 3 complications. One case of generalized peritonitis secondary to missed digestive perforation, one case of seroma and one case of postoperative ileus. We registered no death. Conclusion: Laparoscopic repair of incisional hernias is feasible in a resource-limited setting like ours. Compliance with the operative technique and recommendations is important to obtain short-term results closed to that put forward by literature.

关键词： Incisional Hernia Laparoscopy Repair Composite Biface mesh Postoperative Outcomes

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DESIGN FOR AVAILABILITY:A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO CREATE VALUE FOR mANUFACTURERS AND CUSTOmERS OF CAPITAL GOODS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2012年第4期21卷 403-421页

作者： Lydie P.m.SmETS Geert-Jan van HOUTUm fred LANGERAK School of Industrial & Systems Engineering Eindhoven University of Technologythe Netherlands

This research introduces a holistic framework called Design for Availablhty that uses me principles of Lean Sigma and Design for X to cost-effectively optimize the availability of capital goods （i.e., technical systems used in the production of end-products or -services such as medical systems, airplanes, and manufacturing equipment） throughout their entire lifetime. manufacturers require such a framework because users of capital goods increasingly insist on high system availability levels against reduced lifetime costs. The Design for Availability framework allows manufacturers to determine the current status of system availability and associated lifetime costs, and to identify opportunities to create additional value for themselves and their customers. A case study at a global manufacturer of capital goods in the food processing industry illustrates how the framework can be used in practice and to what extent the manufacturer and customers may profit from applying Design for Availability.

关键词： Design for X system availability mTTR mTTF mTTS lifecycle costs capital goods

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Collapse of the endemic lizard Podarcis pityusensis on the island of Ibiza mediated by an invasive snake

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 295-303页

作者： Elba mONTES fred KRAUS Brahim CHERGUI Juan m.PLEGUEZUELOS Department of Zoology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Valenciac/Dr.Moliner50BurjassotE-46100 ValenciaSpain Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Laboratoire Ecologie SystématiqueConservation de la BiodiversitéFacultédes Sciences de TétouanUniversitéAbdelmalek EssaâdiBP 2121 El M’HannechTétouanMorocco Department of Zoology Faculty of SciencesGranada UniversityGranada E-18071Spain

The invasive snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis colonized the island of Ibiza(Balearic Islands)in 2003 as stowaways inside trunks of olive trees imported for *** has quickly spread since 2010,posing a threat to the island’s only remaining endemic vertebrate,the Ibiza wall lizard Podarcis *** map the yearly expansion rate of the snake and estimate via transect surveys how severely it affects the distribution and abundance of the endemic *** well,we surveyed 9 of 30 small lizard populations on islets surrounding Ibiza that have been isolated since the Last Glacial *** had invaded 49%of Ibiza’s land area by 2018,and censuses show a critical contrast in lizard abundance between areas with and without snakes;almost all censuses in areas without snakes show lizard presence whereas nearly all censuses in areas with *** lack lizard ***,at least one subspecies previously thriving on one of the offshore islets has become extinct,and there have been several snakes recorded swimming between Ibiza and the surrounding ***,lizard populations have been dramatically reduced or have vanished within the range of the snake,and our results quantitatively support upgrading this species’threat level for *** study can inform to programs to manage invasive snake populations and to conservation actions to recover the endemic lizard.

关键词： Balearic Islands conservation extinction Hemorrhois hippocrepis lizard census

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PRELImINARY STUDY ON CHLORINE-36 DATING OF HALITE IN SALT LAKES FROm QAIDAm BASIN

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第1期35卷 32-36页

作者：黄麒 fred m.Phillips Institute of Salt Lakes Academia Sinica Xining 810008 PRC New mexico Institute of mining and Technology USA

The Qaidam Basin is a large intermontane depression. It has been in existence since the Jurassic. The mean elevation of the basin floor is 2800 m. It covers an area of 120,000 km^2 with a catchment area of about 250,000 km^2. By the end of the Pliocene, great changes had taken place. Some of the lakes were evolving to the evaporite formation stage. The deposition continued through the Pliocene and the late Pleistocene to produce a sequence 2000—3000 m thick, and the total thickness of halite sequence is more than 1000 m. The Qaidam Basin contains some of the richest salt resources, the sediments deposited on

关键词： salt lake halite chlorine-36 dating.

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The association of type and number of high-risk criteria with cancer-specific mortality in prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 128-132页

作者： Francesco Chierigo Rocco Simone Flammia GabrieleSorce Benedikt Hoeh Lukas Hohenhorst Andrea Panunzio Zhe Tian fred Saad marcus Graefen michele Gallucci Alberto Briganti Francesco montorsi Felix K.H.Chun Shahrokh F.Shariat Alessandro Antonelli Giovanni Guano Guglielmo mantica marco Borghesi Nazareno Suardi Carlo Terrone Pierre I.Karakiewicz Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences University of GenovaGenovaItaly IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San martino GenovaItaly Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit Division of UrologyUniversity ofMontréal Health CenterMontréalQuébecCanada Department of Urology IRCCS Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly Department of maternal-Child and Urological Sciences Sapienza Rome UniversityPoliclinico Umberto I HospitalRomeItaly Department of Urology University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center University Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Urology University of VeronaAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di VeronaVeronaItaly Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology URIUrological Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Urology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA Department of Urology University of Texas SouthwesternDallasTXUSA Department of Urology Second Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia Division of Urology Department of Special SurgeryJordan University HospitalThe University of JordanAmmanJordan

Objectives:This study aimed to test the association between of type and number of D'Amico high-risk criteria(DHRCs)with cancer-specific mortality(CSm)in high-risk prostate cancer patients treated with radical *** and methods:In the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database(2004–2016),we identified 31,281 radical prostatectomy patients with at least 1 DHRC,namely,prostate-specific antigen(PSA)>20 ng/mL(hrPSA),biopsy Gleason Grade Group(hrGGG)score of 4 and 5,or clinical tumor stage≥T3(hrcT).multivariable Cox regression models and competing risks regression models(adjusting for other cause mortality)tested the association between DHRCs and 5-year ***:Of 31,281 patients,14,394(67%)exclusively harbored hrGGG,3189(15%)harbored hrPSA,and 1781(8.2%)harbored *** 2132 patients(6.8%)harbored a combination of the 2 DHRCs,and 138(0.6%)had all 3 ***-year CSmrates ranged from 0.9%to 3.0%when any individual DHRC was present(hrcT,hrPSA,and hrGGG,in that order),1.6%to 5.9%when 2 DHRCs were present(hrPSA-hrcT,hrcT-hrGGG,and hrPSA-hrGGG,in that order),and 8.1%when all 3 DHRCs were *** regression models and competing risks regression confirmed the independent predictor status of DHRCs for 5-year CSm that was observed in univariable analyses,with hazard ratios from 1.00 to 2.83 for 1 DHRC,2.35 to 5.88 for combinations of 2 DHRCs,and 7.13 for all 3 ***:Within individual DHRCs,hrcT and hrPSA exhibited weaker effects than hrGGG ***,a dose-response effect was identified according to the number of ***,the type and number of DHRCs allow further risk stratification within the high-risk subgroup.

关键词： High risk prostate cancer Radical prostatectomy Cancer-specific mortality Staging SEER

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Benefits of High-voltage SiC-based Power Electronics in medium-voltage Power-distribution Grids

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2021年第1期7卷 1-26页

作者： fred Wang Shiqi Ji Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of TennesseeTN 37996USA Oak Ridge National Lab Oak RidgeTN 37830USA Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

medium-voltage(mV)power electronics equipment has been increasingly applied m distnbution grids,and high-voltage(HV)silicon carbide(SiC)power semiconductors have attracted considerable attention in recent *** paper first overviews the development and status of HV SiC power ***,mV power-converter applications in distribution grids are summarized and the benefits of HV SiC in these applications are ***,including conventional and asynchronous microgrids,that can fully demonstrate the benefits of HV SiC power semiconductors are selected to investigate the benefits of HV SiC in detail,including converter-level benefits and system-level ***,an asynchronous microgrid power-conditioning system(PCS)prototype using a 10 kV SiC mOSFET is presented.

关键词： Silicon carbide power semiconductor distribution grid asynchronous microgrid power-conditioning system

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