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Biological transformation,kinetics and dose-response assessments of bound musk ketone hemoglobin adducts in rainbow trout as biomarkers of environmental exposure

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第7期20卷 878-884页

作者： M A Mottaleb j H Zimmerman t W Moy Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor UniversityP.O.Box 97348WacoTX 76798USA. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency National Exposure Research LaboratoryEnvironmental Sciences Division944 East Harmon AveLas VegasNV 89119USA

Low levels (ng/g) of musk ketone (MK),used as a fragrance additive in the formulation of personal care products,are frequently detected in the water and other ***,aquatic organisms can be continuously exposed to *** this study,kinetics and dose-response assessments of 2-amino-MK (AMK) metabolite,bound to cysteine-hemoglobin (Hb) in rainbow trout,formed by enzymatic nitro-reduction of MK have been *** were exposed to a single exposure of 0.010,0.030,0.10,and 0.30 mg MK/g ***...

关键词： biotransformation kinetics hemoglobin adducts dose-response nitro musks biomarker fish

Review:Resuspension of wall deposits in spray dryers

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journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第11期8卷 1762-1774页

作者： HANUS M.j. LANGRISH t.A.G. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Wall deposition occurs in spray dryers when dried or partially dried particles contact and adhere to the walls during operation, thus reducing the yield of product collected. Wall deposits also present a product contamination risk and a fire or explosion risk when spray drying products that oxidize exothermically, such as milk powder. Re-entrainment is the resuspension of spray dryer wall deposits into the main gas stream for collection as product. Literature suggests that the process for re-entrainment of particles from spray dryer wall deposits is strongly dependent on particle size and gas velocity.

关键词： Wall deposition Spray dryers Dried particles Re-entrainment Adhesive forces

Superplastic behavior of an ultrafine-grained Mg-13Zn-1.55Y alloy with a high volume fraction of icosahedral phases prepared by high-ratio differential speed rolling

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journal of Materials Science & technology 2017年第9期33卷 919-925页

作者： t.Y.Kwak W.j.Kim Rare Metal R&BD Group Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik University

An ultrafine-grained（UFG） Mg-13Zn-1.55 Y alloy（ZW132） with a high volume fraction（7.4%） of icosahedral phase（I-phase, Mg;Zn;Y） particles was prepared by applying high-ratio differential speed rolling（HRDSR） on the cast microstructure following homogenization. the alloy exhibited excellent superplasticity at low temperatures(tensile elongations of 455% and 1021% 473 K-10;s;and 523 K-10;s;,respectively). Compared with UFG Mg-9.25Zn-1.66 Y alloy（ZW92） with a lower volume fraction of I-phase particles（4.1%）, which was prepared using the same processing routes, the UFG ZW132 alloy exhibited a higher thermal stability of grain size. Rapid grain coarsening, however, occurred at temperatures beyond523 K, leading to a loss of superplasticity. the high-temperature deformation behavior of the HRDSRprocessed ZW132 alloy could be well described assuming that the mechanisms of grain boundary sliding and dislocation climb creep competed with each other and considering that the grain-size was largely increased by accelerated grain growth at the temperatures beyond 523 K.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Superplastic deformation Ultrafine grain Icosahedral quasicrystal Grain growth

Critical review of superplastic magnesium alloys with emphasis on tensile elongation behavior and deformation mechanisms

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第5期10卷 1133-1153页

作者： H.t.jeong W.j.Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik UniversitySangsu-dong 72-1 Mapo-guSeoul 121-791South Korea

the tensile elongation behavior and deformation mechanisms of superplastic Mg alloys and Mg composites were examined by extensively reviewing the literature published from the time of the first report on the superplasticity of Mg alloys to the present *** on the superplasticity of Mg alloys have been conducted mainly on Mg-Al-Zn(AZ)series alloys,Mg-Zn-Zr(ZK),Mg-Li and Mg-RE(rare earth)alloys,and in recent years,Mg-RE alloys have attracted the greatest *** effect of grain size and the type and amount of secondary phase particles on the superplasticity of Mg alloys was systematically examined and *** alloys processed by severe plastic deformation(SPD)and powder-metallurgy methods have smaller grain sizes and exhibit superior superplasticity compared to conventionally processed(by extrusion and rolling)Mg *** the AZ alloys,as the volume fraction of the Mg17Al12phase increases,smaller grains are obtained,and the low-temperature superplasticity(LtS)and high-strain-rate superplasticity(HSRS)characteristics become *** ZK60 alloy with finely dispersed Mg Zn2particles exhibits excellent LtS,while the Mg-RE alloys with a high fraction of thermally stable particles exhibit excellent ***-Li alloys can exhibit LtS even at room temperature due to the presence of a high-volume fraction of the body centered cubic(BCC)phase where atomic diffusivity is *** boundary diffusion-and lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding are found to operate as the dominant deformation mechanisms below~473 K and above~673 K,respectively,at small grain *** mechanism maps were constructed based on the analysis of the deformation behavior of superplastic Mg alloys,and from the maps,the critical conditions for achieving LtS,HSRS and simultaneous achievement of LtS and HRSR were calculated and proposed,and their importance was discussed.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Superplastic Grain size Secondary phase Grain boundary sliding

Effect of refinement of grains and icosahedral phase on hot compressive deformation and processing maps of Mg-Zn-Y magnesium alloys with different volume fractions of icosahedral phase

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journal of Materials Science & technology 2019年第1期35卷 181-191页

作者： t.Y.Kwak W.j.Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik University

the effect of the volume fraction of I-phase on the hot compressive behavior and processing maps of the extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloys was examined, and the obtained results were compared with those of the cast alloys in a previous work. the average grain sizes, fractions of dynamically recrystallized(DRXed) grains,and sizes of DRXed grains of the extruded alloys after compressive deformation were significantly smaller,higher and smaller, respectively, than those of the cast alloys after compressive deformation under the same experimental conditions. this was because the microstructures of the extruded alloys, having much more grain boundaries and more refined I-phase particles than the cast alloys, provided a larger number of nucleation sites for dynamic recrystallization than those of the cast alloys. the constitutive equations for high-temperature deformation of the extruded and cast alloys could be derived using the same activation energy for plastic flow, which was close to the activation energy for lattice diffusion in *** with the cast alloys, the onset of the power law breakdown(PLB) occurred at larger ZenerHolloman(Z) parameter values in the extruded alloys. this was because the extruded alloys had finer initial grain sizes and higher fractions of finer DRXed grains compared to the cast alloys, such that the onset of PLB caused by creation of excessive concentrations of deformation-induced vacancies was delayed to a higher strain rate and a lower temperature. the flow-stress difference between the extruded alloys and the cast alloys could be attributed to the difference in the fraction of DRXed grains. According to the processing maps, the extruded alloys exhibited higher power dissipation efficiency and flow stability than the cast alloys. this agreed with the microstructural observations.

关键词： Hot compression Magnesium alloy Processing map Grain refinement Dynamic recrystallization

Fano-type resonances induced by a boson mode in Andreev conductance

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第1期24卷 449-456页

作者： j.Barański t.Domański Institute of Physics M. Curie-Skodowska University20-031 Lublin Poland

We study spectroscopic signatures of a monochromatic boson mode interacting with a t-shape double quantum dot coupled between the metallic and superconducting leads. Focusing on a weak interdot coupling, we find that the proximity effect together with the bosonic mode are responsible for the series of Fano-type resonances appearing simultaneously at negative and positive energies. We investigate these interferometric features and discuss their influence on the subgap Andreev conductance taking into account the correlation effects driven by the Coulomb repulsion.

关键词： Fano interference Andreev scattering polaronic features

the hot compressive deformation behavior of cast Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys with and without LPSO phase in their initial microstructures

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第10期10卷 2901-2917页

作者： H.t.jeong W.j.Kim Departmentof Materials Science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

Samples of Mg-8.2Gd-3.8Y-1.1Zn-0.4Zr alloy with and without an intragranular lamellae-shaped long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase were prepared through heat treatment and a series of hot compression tests on these materials were conducted to examine and evaluate the influence of LPSO on the hot compressive deformation behavior and deformation mechanisms at a given alloy *** values of activation energy for plastic flow(Qc)of the solution treated(without LPSO phase)and annealed alloys(with intragranular LPSO phase)were larger than that for pure Mg,indicating that the presence of a high amount of rare earth(RE)elements and LPSO in the Mg matrix significantly increases *** Qcvalue of the annealed alloy was larger than that of the solution treated alloy at all the strain levels(223.3 vs.195.5 k j/mol in average)and the largest difference in Qcbetween the two alloys was recorded at the smallest strain of 0.1 where precipitation of LPSO during deformation was limited in the solution treated *** observations imply that the formation of LPSO phase out of the RE-rich solid solution matrix during deformation increases Qc,but the increment is not so *** of the hot compressive data of the alloys with LPSO phase and the alloys with RE-rich solid solution matrix in literatures indicates the similarity of the effect of the LPSO and RE-rich solid solution matrix phases on Qcand high-temperature strength.

关键词： Magnesium alloys LPSO Deformation mechanism Dynamic recrystallization Activation energy for plastic flow Processing maps

the effects of gonadal hormones on learning and memory in male mammals： A review

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 543-558页

作者： Stuart t. LEONARD Peter j. WINSAUER Department of Pharmacology and Experimental therapeutics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center 1901 Perdido Street New Orleans LA 70112-1393

the primary role of the gonadal steroid hormones in mammals is to regulate reproduction and related behaviors; however, both androgens and estrogens are also integrally involved in mediating higher brain function and processes including cognition, neural development, and neural plasticity. In particular, a number of studies show that estradiol modulates dendritic spine growth and synapse density （synaptic plasticity） in the hippocampus of females, and that increased estradiol levels are generally associated with improvements on a variety of learning and memory tasks. While the majority of research has focused on the beneficial effects of estradiol in females, much less attention has been given to testosterone and its effects on learning and memory in males. Similar to estradiol titers in females, testosterone titers in males decline with age, albeit more gradually, and this decline has been correlated with impairment of certain cognitive tasks. Moreover, studies involving both humans and animals indicate that testosterone and its metabolites can augment responding on certain behavioral tasks, depending on the subject＇s current hormonal state, the response required, and the stimuli involved （e.g., those involving spatial or nonspatial stimuli）. While the exact mechanisms by which testosterone exerts its effects on learning and memory are not fully understood, recent findings suggest that testosterone modulates learning and memory in males through an interaction with the cholinergic system. the overall objective of this review is to discuss studies investigating the role of the gonadal hormones in mediating learning and memory processes in male mammals [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 543-558, 2011].

关键词： testosterone Learning and memory Cholinergic system Mammals Cognition Androgens

Late Quaternary palaeoenvironmental changes documented by microfaunas and shell stable isotopes in the southern Pearl River Delta plain,South China

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journal of Palaeogeography 2013年第4期2卷 344-361页

作者： Liu Chunlian franz t. Fürsich Wu jie Dong Yixin Yang tingting Yin jian Department of Earth Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Geozentrum Nordbayern FG Pal oumwelt der Friedrich-Alexander-Universitt Erlangen Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes

Ahigh resolution study of sediments,microfaunas(ostracods and foraminifers),and stable isotopes of ostracod shells from core PRD05,sampled from the Da’ao plain of the Pearl River Delta,provides new data about palaeoenvironmental changes during the Late *** basal fluvial gravelly sediments of the core,representing the lowest deposits of the Quaternary at the core site,were possibly formed prior to the transgression associated with the last interglacial *** fluvial setting changed into a marginal marine setting during the last interglacial stage,any record of calcareous fossils were destroyed by subsequent dissolution during the last glacial phase,when the upper part of the deltaic sediments experienced subaerial oxidation,indicated by a mottled clay layer in the *** postglacial sealevel rise in the South China Sea began at16,700 cal yr *** the first phase of sea-level rise(from ~16,700 to 10,100 cal yr B.P.),a swamp environment developed at the core *** ~10,100 cal yr B.P.,marine waters intruded onto the Da’ao plain and reached the core site through the Modaomen *** timing was earlier than in other parts of the Pearl River *** then,a semi-enclosed estuarine environment developed and was maintained until ~5560 cal yr *** this transgressive interval,short-term environmental fluctuations can be recognized based on microfauna and shell geochemical *** ~10,100 to 8630 cal yr B.P.,the sea-level rose,which was followed by a fall from ~8630 to 8520 cal yr *** expanded transgression occurred between ~8520 and 7900 cal yr *** time intervals from ~8520 to 8200 cal yr *** from ~8080 to 7900 cal yr *** marked by peak *** ~7900 to 5560 cal yr B.P.,the core site generally showed a reduced marine influence and enhanced freshwater input.A fluvial environment developed from ~5560 to 3100 cal yr B.P.,and was succeeded by an alluvial plain setting.

关键词： Late Quaternary microfauna shell stable isotopes palaeoenvironment Pearl River Delta