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Initial evaluations of a Gulf of Mexico/Caribbean ocean forecast system in the context of the Deepwater Horizon disaster

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第4期9卷 605-636页

作者： Edward D. ZARON Patrick J. FITZPATRICk Scott L. CROSS John M. HARDING frank L. BUB Jerry D. WIGGERT Dong S. kO Yee LAU katharine WOODARD Christopher N. k. MOOERS Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Portland State University Portland OR 97207 USA Geosystems Research Institute Mississippi State University MSU Science & Technology Center Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA NOAA National Coastal Data Development Center Stennis Space Center MS 29412 USA Northern Gulf Institute Mississippi State University MSU Science & Technology Center Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA unaffiliated retired from the Naval Oceanographic Office Stennis Space Center MS 39522 USA Department of Marine Science University of Southern Mississippi Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA Oceanography Division Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center MS 39529 USA

In response to the Deepwater Horizon （DwH） oil spill event in 2010, the Naval Oceanographic Office deployed a nowcast-forecast system covering the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent Caribbean Sea that was designated Americas Seas, or AMSEAS, which is documented in this manuscript. The DwH disaster provided a challenge to the application of available ocean-forecast capabilities, and also generated a historically large observational dataset. AMSEAS was evaluated by four complementary efforts, each with somewhat different aims and approaches： a university research consortium within an Integrated Ocean Observing System （IOOS） testbed; a petroleum industry consortium, the Gulf of Mexico 3-D Operational Ocean Forecast System Pilot Prediction Project （GOMEX-PPP）; a British Petroleum （BP） funded project at the Northern Gulf Institute in response to the oil spill; and the Navy itself. Validation metrics are presented in these different projects for water temperature and salinity profiles, sea surface wind, sea surface temperature, sea surface height, and volume transport, for different forecast time scales. The validation found certain geographic and time biases/errors, and small but systematic improvements relative to earlier regional and global modeling efforts. On the basis of these positive AMSEAS validation studies, an oil spill transport simulation was conducted using archived AMSEAS nowcasts to examine transport into the estuaries east of the Mississippi River. This effort captured the influences of Hurricane Alex and a non-tropical cyclone off the Louisiana coast, both of which pushed oil into the western Mississippi Sound, illustrating the importance of the atmospheric influence on oil spills such as DwH.

关键词： Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Horizon ocean forecasting skill assessment

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Spatially resolved and multiplexed MicroRNA quantification from tissue using nanoliter well arrays

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1007-1015页

作者： Maxwell B.Nagarajan Augusto M.Tentori Wen Cai Zhang frank J.Slack Patrick S.Doyle Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA HMS Initiative for RNA Medicine Department of PathologyHarvard Medical SchoolBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMA 02215USA

Spatially resolved gene expression patterns are emerging as a key component of medical studies,including companion diagnostics,but technologies for quantification and multiplexing are *** present a method to perform spatially resolved and multiplexed microRNA(miRNA)measurements from formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded(FFPE)*** nanoliter well arrays to pixelate the tissue section and photopatterned hydrogels to quantify miRNA,we identified differentially expressed miRNAs in tumors from a genetically engineered mouse model for non-small cell lung cancer(k-ras&(LSL-G12D/+);p53^(fl/fl)).This technology could be used to quantify heterogeneities in tissue samples and lead to informed,biomarker-based diagnostics.

关键词： resolved Spatial lung

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Model reference adaptive impedance control for physical human-robot interaction

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Control Theory and Technology 2016年第1期14卷 68-82页

作者： Bakur ALQAUDI Hamidreza MODARES Isura RANATUNGA Shaikh M. TOUSIF frank L. LEWIS Dan O. POPA The University of Texas at Arlington Research Institute (UTARI) Fort Worth TX 76118 U.S.A. Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76019 U.S.A. Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Technology Department Yanbu Industrial College P.O. Box 30436 41912 Yanbu al-Sinaiyah K.S.A. State key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning 110819 China

This paper presents a novel enhanced human-robot interaction system based on model reference adaptive control. The presented method delivers guaranteed stability and task performance and has two control loops. A robot-specific inner loop, which is a neuroadaptive controller, learns the robot dynamics online and makes the robot respond like a prescribed impedance model. This loop uses no task information, including no prescribed trajectory. A task-specific outer loop takes into account the human operator dynamics and adapts the prescribed robot impedance model so that the combined human-robot system has desirable characteristics for task performance. This design is based on model reference adaptive control, but of a nonstandard form. The net result is a controller with both adaptive impedance characteristics and assistive inputs that augment the human operator to provide improved task performance of the human-robot team. Simulations verify the performance of the proposed controller in a repetitive point-to-point motion task. Actual experimental implementations on a PR2 robot further corroborate the effectiveness of the approach.

关键词： Human-robot interaction model reference adaptive control model reference neuroadaptive impedance control

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Multimode vibrational strong coupling in direct laser written mid-IR plasmonic MIM nano-patch antennas

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Photonics Research 2023年第12期11卷 2136-2148页

作者： NICHOLAS V.PROSCIA MICHAEL A.MEEkER NICHOLAS SHARAC frank k.PERkINS CHASE T.ELLIS PAUL D.CUNNINGHAM JOSEPH G.TISCHLER NRC Postdoc residing at U.S.Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonD.C.20375USA U.S.Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonD.C.20375USA Current address:Rigetti Computing FreemontCalifornia 94538USA Current address:Homer L.Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of OklahomaNormanOklahoma 73019USA

Strong coupling of mid-infrared(mid-IR)vibrational transitions to optical cavities provides a means to modify and control a material’s chemical reactivity and offers a foundation for novel chemical detection ***,the relatively large volumes of the mid-IR photonic cavities and weak oscillator strengths of vibrational transitions restrict vibrational strong coupling(VSC)studies and devices to large ensembles of molecules,thus representing a potential limitation of this nascent ***,we experimentally and theoretically investigate the mid-IR optical properties of 3D-printed multimode metal-insulator-metal(MIM)plasmonic nanoscale cavities for enabling strong light-matter interactions at a deep subwavelength *** observe strong vibration-plasmon coupling between the two dipolar modes of the L-shaped cavity and the carbonyl stretch vibrational transition of the polymer *** cavity mode volume is half the size of a typical square-shaped MIM geometry,thus enabling a reduction in the number of vibrational oscillators to achieve strong *** resulting three polariton modes are well described by a fully coupled multimode oscillator model where all coupling potentials are *** 3D printing technique of the cavities is a highly accessible and versatile means of printing arbitrarily shaped submicron-sized mid-IR plasmonic cavities capable of producing strong light–matter interactions for a variety of photonic or photochemical ***,similar MIM structures fabricated with nanoscopic voids within the insulator region could constitute a promising microfluidic plasmonic cavity device platform for applications in chemical sensing or photochemistry.

关键词： coupling vibrational shaped

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Stochastic Model of Waiting Time: A Case of Two Selected Banks in the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis

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Open Journal of Statistics 2021年第5期11卷 906-924页

作者： Samuel Mawuli Azumah John Awuah Addor frank B. k. Twenefour Emmanuel M. Baah Department of Mathematics Statistics and Actuarial Science Takoradi Technical University Takoradi Ghana

Queue is an act of joining a line to be served and it is part of our everyday human involvement. The objectives of the study focused on using a mathematical model to determine the waiting time of two selected banks as well as compare the average waiting time between the banks. The study uncovered the extent of usage of queuing models in achieving customer satisfaction as well as permitting to make better decisions relating to potential waiting times for customers. The study adopted a case study and observational research with the source of data being primary. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the two banks under study with the target population comprising of all the customers who intended to transact businesses with the banks within the period of 11 am to 12 pm. The sample sizes for the first, second and third day of the first bank are twenty-eight (28), seventeen (17) and twenty (20) respectively with three servers on each day whereas that for the first, second and third day of the second bank is twenty (20), nine (9) and seventeen (17) with two servers on each day. A multiple server (M/M/s) Model was adopted, and Tora Software was the statistical tool used for the analysis. Findings of the study revealed that the second bank had a higher utilization factor than the first bank. Also, the number of customers in the banking hall of the second bank was higher than that of the first bank during the entire period of observation. Finally, it takes customers of the first bank lesser minutes to complete their transaction than the second bank. In conclusion, the three days observations revealed different banking situations faced by customers in both banks which had effect on waiting time of customer service. The waiting time of customer service has effect on the number of customers in the queue and system, the probability associated with the emptiness of the system and the utilization factor. Based on the results, the study recommended, inter

关键词： Average Waiting Time Multiple Server Model Queuing Modeling

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Selective expansion of human natural killer cells leads to enhanced alloreactivity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第2期11卷 160-168页

作者： Diana N Eissens Clive M Michelo frank WMB Preijers Bram van Cranenbroek Houwelingen Arnold van der Meer Irma Joosten Department of Laboratory Medicine--Laboratory of Medical Immunology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands and Department of Laboratory Medicine--Laboratory of Hematology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands These authors contributed equally to this work.

In allogeneic stem cell transplantation （SCT）, natural killer （Nk） cells lacking their cognate inhibitory ligand can induce graft-versus-leukemia responses, without the induction of severe graft-versus-host disease （GVHD）. This feature can be exploited for cellular immunotherapy. In this study, we examined selective expansion of Nk cell subsets expressing distinct killer immunoglobulin-like receptors （kIRs） within the whole human peripheral blood Nk cell population, in the presence of HLA-Cw3 （C1） or Cw4 （C2） transfected k562 stimulator cells. Coculture of kIR＋ Nk cells with C1 or C2 positive k562 cells, in the presence of IL-2＋ IL-15, triggered the outgrowth of Nk cells that missed their cognate ligand. This resulted in an increased frequency of alloreactive kIR＋ Nk cells within the whole Nk cell population. Also, after preculture with k562 cells lacking their cognate ligand, we observed that this alloreactive Nk population revealed higher numbers of CD107~ cells when cocultured with the relevant k562 HLA-C transfected target cells, as compared to coculture with untransfected k562 cells. This enhanced reactivity was confirmed using primary leukemic cells as target. This study demonstrates that HLA class I expression can mediate the skewing of the Nk cell repertoire and enrich the population for cells with enhanced alloreactivity towards leukemic target cells. This feature may support future clinical applications of Nk cell-based immunotherapy.

关键词： alloreactivity cytotoxicity immunotherapy kIR Nk cells stem cell transplantation

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Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides(MXenes): Synthesis, Properties, and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第1期3卷 29-55页

作者： Chuanfang (John) Zhang Yonglu Ma Xuetao Zhang Sina Abdolhosseinzadeh Hongwei Sheng Wei Lan Amir Pakdel Jakob Heier frank Nüesch Laboratory for Functional Polymers EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyUberlandstrasse 129CH-8600Dubendorf Switzerland key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of EducationSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)Station 12CH-1015Lausanne Switzerland Assoc.Prof.A.Pakdel School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland

A family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes has received increasing attention since the discovery of Ti3C2 in 2011. To date, about 30 different MXenes with well-defined structures and properties have been synthesized, and many more are theoretically predicted to exist. Due to the numerous assets including excellent mechanical properties, metallic conductivity,unique in-plane anisotropic structure, tunable band gap, and so on, MXenes rapidly positioned themselves at the forefront of the 2D materials world and have found numerous promising applications. Particular interest is devoted to applications in electrochemical energy storage, whereby 2D MXenes work either as electrodes,additives, separators, or hosts. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis, fundamental properties and composites of MXene and highlights the state-of-the-art electrochemical performance of MXene-based electrodes/*** progresses in the field of supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries, Li-S batteries, Naand other alkali metal ion batteries are reviewed, and current challenges and new opportunities for MXenes in this surging energy storage field are presented. In the focus of interest is the possibility to boost device-level performance, particularly that of rechargeable batteries, which are of utmost importance in future energy technologies. Very recently, the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the inventors of the Li-ion battery. For sure, this will provide an additional stimulation to study fundamental aspects of electrochemical energy storage.

关键词： battery energy storage MXene supercapacitor transition metal carbide

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Clones or no clones：genetic structure of riparian Populus euphratica forests in Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 750-766页

作者： katja kRAMP Thomas SCHMITT Petra LANG Michael JESCHkE Philipp SCHAFERI Dustin kULANEk ZHANG Ximing YU Ruide frank M THOMAS Senckenberg German Entomological Institute Eberswalder StraBe 90 Muncheberg 15374 Germany Department of Zoology Faculty Natural Sciences I Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (SaMe) 06099 Germany Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences University of Trier Campus II BehringstraBe 21 Trier 54296 Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Sino-German Joint Research Center for the Management of Ecosystems and Environmental Changes in Arid Lands (MEECAL) Urumqi 830011 China

Many riparian（Tugai） forests growing along rivers in arid and hyper-arid regions of Central Asia are dominated by the Euphrates poplar（Populus euphratica）. Besides generative reproduction, which is only possible upon flooding events and at a distance to the groundwater of less than 2 m, this phreatophytic tree species also reproduces vegetatively by forming clones that can cover land surface areas of several hectares. Along a gradient of groundwater distances, we investigated whether the fraction of clones in P. euphratica stands（1） increases with increasing distance to the water table;（2） is higher if supplied with water via river cut-offs; and（3） approaches 100% at a short distance to the groundwater, but at high salt concentrations in the upper soil layers, which would prevent germination and establishment of seedlings. AFLP（Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism） analyses were conducted on leaf samples taken from mature P. euphratica trees growing at the fringes of the Taklimakan Desert in stands with different distances（2–12 m） to the groundwater at two plots at the middle and the lower reaches of the Tarim River and in a stand close to Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang, China. Genetic diversity was large among plots, but considerably smaller within plots. We found the highest genetic diversity（caused by regeneration from seeds） at plots that have a short distance to the groundwater or are supplied with additional water. There was no significant relationship between groundwater distance and clonal fraction. All investigated trees at the saline Ebinur Lake site belonged to one single clone. Our results demonstrate that the genetic pattern of this widespread species is not easily predictable even over small distances as it is a result of a complex interplay of stand history and dispersal of propagules（pollen, seeds, and vegetative diaspores） by wind and water. In conservation and restoration schemes, P. euphratica stands with a high genetic diversity and stands that grow at

关键词： clonality floodplain forest ground water phreatophyte population genetics rejuvenation salinity

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2,3-二氯苯基哌嗪合成方法的改进(英文)

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北京化工大学学报（自然科学版） 2007年第4期34卷 425-427,440页

作者： HIJI Morris frank 郑国钧袁其朋北京化工大学生命科学与技术学院北京100029

2,3-二氯苯胺硫酸盐经重氮化,再与kI置换生成相应的芳基碘化物,产率81%。芳基碘化物与哌嗪在二甲基亚砜中反应,CuI和脯氨酸为催化剂,收率20%。该方法操作简单,对湿不敏感,产物易于分离,具有一定的实用价值。

关键词： 2,3-二氯苯基哌嗪 2,3-二氯苯胺重氮化 1,2-二氯-3-碘苯

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流体-固体相互作用、碰撞和起飞的建模

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2023年第5期39卷 1-12页

作者： frank T.Smith Ellen M.Jolley Ryan A.Palmer Department of Mathematics University College LondonLondonUK School of Biological Sciences University of BristolBristolEngland School of Mathematics University of BristolBristolEngland

本文是流体-固体相互作用机制方面的最新进展综述,主要研究固体物体自身的运动与其周围流体运动之间的相互影响.非稳态相互作用的数学模型是对两个空间维度和时间尺度的内部通道和外部近壁流的描述.本文重点描述伴随计算量减少的分析发... 详细信息

本文是流体-固体相互作用机制方面的最新进展综述,主要研究固体物体自身的运动与其周围流体运动之间的相互影响.非稳态相互作用的数学模型是对两个空间维度和时间尺度的内部通道和外部近壁流的描述.本文重点描述伴随计算量减少的分析发展过程.文章讨论无黏性流中掠过和下沉、物体的起飞、飞离或弹跳,以及黏性效应,特别是黏性和无黏性之间的相互作用和影响.主要研究结果涉及撞击时间、起飞条件、撞击和飞离之间的边界、主要参数及其范围以及物体形状和质量对物理及力学机制的影响.

关键词： Fluid-body interactions Skimming Impacts Analysis

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