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Pelvic autonomic nerve preservation in radical rectal cancer surgery:changes in the past 3 decades

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第3期4卷 173-185,I0001页

作者： Min-Hoe Chew Yu-Ting Yeh Evan Lim francis seow-choen Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General HospitalSingapore Singhealth Academy Singapore General HospitalSingapore seow-choen Colorectal Centre Singapore

The advent of total mesorectal excision(TME)together with minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopic colorectal surgery and robotic surgery has improved surgical ***,the incidence of bladder and sexual dysfunction remains *** may be particularly distressing for the patient and troublesome to manage for the surgeon when it does *** increased use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiotherapy is also associated with poorer functional *** this review,we evaluate current understanding of the anatomy of pelvic nerves which are divided into the areas of the inferior mesenteric artery pedicle,the lateral pelvic wall and dissection around the urogenital *** techniques in these areas are *** also discuss the results in functional outcomes of the various techniques including open,laparoscopic and robotic over the last 30 years.

关键词： total mesorectal excision pelvic autonomic nerve preservation urinary dysfunction sexual dysfunction

Stopping or reducing dietary fiber intake reduces constipation and its associated symptoms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第33期18卷 4593-4596页

作者： Kok-Sun Ho Charmaine You Mei Tan Muhd Ashik Mohd Daud francis seow-choen seow-choen Colorectal Surgery PLC Singapore 238859 Singapore

AIM: To investigate the effect of reducing dietary fiber on patients with idiopathic constipation. METHODS: Sixty-three cases of idiopathic constipation presenting between May 2008 and May 2010 were enrolled into the study after colonoscopy excluded an organic cause of the constipation. Patients with previous colon surgery or a medical cause of their constipation were excluded. All patients were given an explanation on the role of fiber in the gastrointestinal tract. They were then asked to go on a no fiber diet for 2 wk. Thereafter, they were asked to reduce the amount of dietary fiber intake to a level that they found acceptable. Dietary fiber intake, symptoms of constipation, difficulty in evacuation of stools, anal bleeding, abdominal bloating or abdominal pain were recorded at 1 and 6 mo. RESULTS: The median age of the patients (16 male, 47 female) was 47 years (range, 20-80 years). At 6 mo, 41 patients remained on a no fiber diet, 16 on a reduced fiber diet, and 6 resumed their high fiber diet for religious or personal reasons. Patients who stopped or reduced dietary fiber had significant improvement in their symp-toms while those who continued on a high fiber diet had no change. Of those who stopped fiber completely, the bowel frequency increased from one motion in 3.75 d (± 1.59 d) to one motion in 1.0 d (± 0.0 d) (P < 0.001); those with reduced fiber intake had increased bowel frequency from a mean of one motion per 4.19 d (± 2.09 d) to one motion per 1.9 d (± 1.21 d) on a reduced fiber diet (P < 0.001); those who remained on a high fiber diet continued to have a mean of one motion per 6.83 d (± 1.03 d) before and after consultation. For no fiber, reduced fiber and high fiber groups, respectively, symptoms of bloating were present in 0%, 31.3% and 100% (P < 0.001) and straining to pass stools occurred in 0%, 43.8% and 100% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Idiopathic constipation and its associated symptoms can be effectively reduced by stopping or even lowering the

关键词： Dietary fiber Constipation Chronic idiopathic constipation Abdominal bloating

Intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma with unusual synchronous metastases to the colorectum and bladder

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第6期3卷 533-537页

作者： Isaac seow-En francis seow-choen Department of General Surgery Singapore General Hospital seow-choen Colorectal Centre Pte Ltd

A 75-year-old male presented with difficult defecationand increasing urinary frequency over a few months. He had a significant history of previous partial gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma 20 years prior. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis showed extensive lymphadenopathy, a gastric mass and rectal as well as bladder wall thickening with bilateral ureterohydronephrosis. Normal looking serosal surfaces of the bladder and bowel were seen on laparoscopy and a defunctioning ileostomy was created. Gastroscopy revealed a malignant mass while cystoscopy and sigmoidscopy found extensive tumour growth lining the mucosal surfaces. Biopsies from all sites were compatible with intestinal type adenocarcinoma of gastric origin with few signet ring cells. Metabolic response to palliative chemotherapy was good and the patient's symptoms have improved on follow-up four months post ileostomy. We discuss the immunohistochemical profile of the tumour and review the literature.

关键词： Gastric adenocarcinoma Intestinal-type Metastasis Colorectum Bladder

Innovations in chronic anal fissure treatment:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2010年第7期2卷 231-241页

作者： Aaron Poh Kok-Yang Tan francis seow-choen Department of Surgery Khoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore 768828Singapore seow-choen Colorectal Centre Singapore 228510Singapore

A chronic anal fissure is a common perianal *** review aims to evaluate both existing and new therapies in the treatment of chronic *** therapies such as glyceryl trinitrate(GTN),Diltiazem ointment and Botulinum toxin provide a relatively non-invasive option,but with higher recurrence *** sphincterotomy remains the gold standard for *** dilatation has no role in *** therapies include perineal support devices,Gonyautoxin injection,fissurectomy,fissurotomy,sphincterolysis,and flap *** research is required comparing these new therapies with existing established *** paper recommends initial pharmacological therapy with GTN or Diltiazem ointment with Botulinum toxin as a possible second line pharmacological *** support may offer a new dimension in improving healing *** sphincterotomy should be offered if pharmacological therapy *** therapies are not suitable as first line treatments,though they can be considered if conventional treatment fails.

关键词： Anal fissure Innovative therapy Glyceryl trinitrate Lateral sphincterotomy Diltiazem Botulinum toxin Perineal support device

Synthesis of nanostructured zinc oxide and its composite with carbon dots for DSSCs applications using flexible electrode

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2024年第3期4卷 77-83页

作者： Habtamu Fekadu Etefa francis Birhanu Dejene Department of Physics Walter Sisulu UniversityPrivate Bag X-1Mthatha5117South Africa

ZnO nanowires(ZnO NWs),ZnO nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)and carbon dots(C-dots)were synthesized by hydrothermal,sol-gel and hydrothermal methods *** were also characterized and applied for dye sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).The effects of C-dots on ZnO NWs and ZnO NPs have been *** C-dots were used at a mole ratio of citric acid(CA)to ethylene diamine(EDA)of 1:*** C-dots were found to enhance the performance of the flexible electrode *** the addition of C-dots,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of ZnO NPs was boosted to be two times higher than that of ZnO NPs DSSCs without ***,the ultraviolet(UV)-band revealed a blue shift,resulting in a lower band gap and a reduced charge transfer resistance,which can enhance the PCE of *** loaded quantity on the flexible electrode substrate made of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)was optimized(50 mg).For DSSCs,the PET flexible electrode conductive polymer has produced positive *** ZnO NWs and ZnO NWs@C-dots,the PCE values were 1.45%and 4.25%;while for ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs@C-dots,they were 2.34%and 5.81%,*** work achieved remarkable and competitive performance when compared to solid(indium tin oxides/glass)-based substrate.

关键词： ZnO NWs@C-dots ZnO NPs@C-dots PET DSSCs Flexible electrode

The Potential Game-Changer:A Concept-to-Proof Study on D:A Heterojunction-Free Organic Photovoltaics

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 252-258页

作者： Lijian Zuo Sae Byeok Jo Xueliang Shi francis Lin Alex Jen State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)Suwon16419 Republic of Korea School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai200062 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy Hong KongChina

Since 1986,the donor-acceptor (D:A) heterojunction has been regarded a necessity for high-efficiency organic photovoltaics (OPVs),due to its unique advantage in compensating the intrinsic limitations of organic semiconductors,such as high exciton binding energy and poor ambipolar charge mobility. While this adversely causes tremendous non-radiative charge recombination and instability issues,which currently become the most critical limits for commercialization of OPVs. Here,we present a concept-to-proof study on the potential of D:A heterojunction free OPV by taking advantage of recent progress of non-fullerene acceptors. First,we demonstrate that the “free carriers” can be spontaneously generated upon illumination in an NFA,i.e.,the 6TIC-4F single layer. Second,the 6TIC-4F layer also exhibits good ambipolar charge transporting property. These exceptional characteristics distinguish it from the traditional organic semiconductors,and relieve it from the reliance of D:A heterojunction to independently work as active layer. As a result,the subsequent OPV by simply sandwiching the 6TIC-4F layer between the cathode and anode yields a considerably high power conversion efficiency ~1%. Moreover,we find the D:A heterojunction free device exhibits two order of magnitude higher electroluminescence quantum efficiency and significantly reduced VOC loss by 0.16 eV compared to those of the D:A BHJ structure,validating its promise for higher efficiency in the future. Therefore,our work demonstrates the possibility of using D:A heterojunction-free device structure for high performance,that can potentially become the next game changer of OPV.

关键词： Organic solar cells Spontaneous charge generation Ambipolar charge transport Charge recombination Perovskite-like organic semiconductor Schottky-junction structure Single component

Papillary thyroid carcinoma:A bibliometric analysis of the top 100 cited articles

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第3期10卷 225-230页

作者： Mahamud Ishtiak Ahmed Jake deCastro francis Sanu Ameeth Department of Ear Nose and Throat SurgeryMorriston HospitalHeol Maes Eglwys Cwmrhydyceirw SwanseaSwanseaUK

Objectives:To describe the current trends and key themes that are shaping the literature surrounding papillary thyroid ***:The Thomson Reuters Web of Science citation database was used to identify manuscripts relevant to papillary thyroid *** were then subdivided into title,author,journal,publication date,theme,and manuscript *** were then ***:A total of 1506 manuscripts were *** mean citation number was 163(range 885–74),with the highest citation rate of *** highest impact factor was JAMA(impact factor of 56.27).85%were original research,10%review articles,and 5%were *** highest number of manuscripts were published in South Korea(21%).Conclusions:This bibliometric analysis describes the most influential papers published in the topic of papillary thyroid *** key themes have been endocrinology and metabolism,followed by surgical management and oncology(subdivided into surgery,pathology,radiology and public health/epidemiology).South Korea leads the world with the largest number of publications in this field;with an incidence rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma that is significantly higher than most parts of the *** concerns with overdiagnosis,a collaborative radiological team skilled in ultrasonography of the neck appears to be of great value to the workup of thyroid cancers.

关键词： bibliometric carcinoma citation literature review thyroid

Doped low-density parity-check codes

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 217-226页

作者： Yong Li Rui Liu Xianlong Jiao Youqiang Hu Zhen Luo francis C.M.Lau College of Computer Science Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China School of Automation Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Future Wireless Networks and IoT Focusing Area Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

In this paper,we propose a doping approach to lower the error floor of Low-Density Parity-Check(LDPC)*** doping component is a short block code in which the information bits are selected from the coded bits of the dominant trapping sets of the LDPC ***,an algorithm for selecting the information bits of the short code is proposed,and a specific two-stage decoding algorithm is *** results demonstrate that the proposed doped LDPC code achieves up to 2.0 dB gain compared with the original LDPC code at a frame error rate of 10^(-6)Furthermore,the proposed design can lower the error floor of original LDPC Codes.

关键词： LDPC codes Doped LDPC codes Tanner graph Quadratic residue codes Trapping sets

Technical efficiency of cocoa farms at varying elevation levels in Davao City, Philippines: implications to sustainable upland farming systems

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 33-48页

作者： francis Levi A.DURANO Jon Marx SARMIENTO Larry N.DIGAL Pedro A.ALVIOLA IV School of Management University of the Philippines MindanaoDavao City 8000Philippines

Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa farms using cross-sectional data from areas ranging from 190 to 1021 m above sea level which were classified as low, medium, and high elevation in Davao City, considered as the chocolate capital of the Philippines. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the results showed that the cost of inputs per ha and the number of cocoa trees per ha significantly increase yield. Farms at high elevations were less technically efficient, as this entails lower temperatures and increased rainfall, and cocoa farming in those areas and conditions can be more challenging, especially with changes in farming practices, terrain, and distance to markets. Other significant variables were age of cocoa farms, married farmers, and age of the farmers. Older farms may be more developed, farmers who are married benefit from their spouses being able to readily contribute as farm labor, and lastly, older farmers' inefficiency may likely stem from nonadaptation of newer farming practices. With an average technical efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, and 0.26 in low, medium, and high elevation areas, respectively, farmers therefore have an incentive to improve farm practices and consider topographical variations found in high elevation areas. Recommendations for the improvement of technical efficiency of cocoa farms are better connectivity to markets, enhancing farm practices, and continuation and improvement of government programs on cocoa with an added emphasis on research. For farmers in high elevation areas, mitigating solutions such as sustainable agriculture practices and ecolabelling are key to improving efficiency and minimizing the potential negative impact on upland farming systems. Moreover, such adaptation measures may also contribute to sustainability of cocoa farming in high elevation

关键词： Cocoa farms Cobb-Douglas production function Elevation Philippines Stochastic frontier analysis Technical efficiency