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Dynamic and reversibility of heterochromatic gene silencing in human dis-ease

Cell Research 2005年第9期 4-15页

作者： giuseppe ZARDO,francesco FAZI,Lorena TRAVAGLINI,Clara NERVI Departments of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology University of Rome “La Sapienza” Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 Italy San Raffaele Bio-medical Science Park of Rome Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 Italy San Raffaele Bio-medical Science Park of Rome Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 ItalyDepartments of Histology and Medical Embryology University of Rome “La Sapienza” Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 Italy San Raffaele Bio-medical Science Park of Rome Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 ItalyDepartments of Histology and Medical Embryology University of Rome “La Sapienza” Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 Italy San Raffaele Bio-medical Science Park of Rome Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 ItalyDepartments of Histology and Medical Embryology University of Rome “La Sapienza” Via di Castel Romano 100 Rome 00128 Italy

In eukaryotic organisms cellular fate and tissue specific gene expression are regulated by the activity of proteins known as transcription factors that by interacting with specific DNA sequences direct the activation or repression of target genes. The post genomic era has shown that transcription factors are not the unique key regulators of gene expression. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histone proteins, remodeling of nucleosomes and expression of small regulatory RNAs also contribute to regulation of gene expression, determination of cell and tissue specificity and assurance of inheritance of gene expression levels. The relevant contri- bution of epigenetic mechanisms to a proper cellular function is highlighted by the effects of their deregulation that cooperate with genetic alterations to the development of various diseases and to the establishment and progression of tumors.

关键词： DNA methylation chromatin remodeling epigenetics retinoic acid acute myeloid leukemia.

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Locking plates for distal fibula fractures in young and elderly patients:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第7期14卷 540-546页

作者： francesco Roberto Evola Giovanni francesco Di Fede giuseppe Evola Martina Barchitta Antonella Agodi Gianfranco Longo Department of Surgery Division of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery“Cannizzaro”HospitalCatania 95100Italy Department of Radiodiagnostics Division of Radiology“S.Marta and S.Venera”HospitalAcireale 95024Italy Department of Surgery Division of Surgery“Garibaldi”HospitalCatania 95100Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies“GF Ingrassia” University of CataniaCatania 95100Italy

BACKGROUND Ankle fractures are common injuries in the young and elderly *** prevent post-traumatic arthritis,an anatomic reconstruction of the ankle structure is *** reduction and internal fixation is the treatment of choice among *** plates allow stability of the fracture if bone quality is *** plates might offer an advantage for the treatment of lateral malleolar fracture in patients with comminution,severe instability,distal fractures,or osteoporotic *** hospital introduced a new locking plate for fracture of the distal *** To evaluate locking plates in terms of outcomes and complications in young and elderly *** We retrospectively reviewed a total of 67 patients treated for displaced distal fibula *** data,number of comorbidities,use of inter fragmentary screw,complication,time of fracture healing,partial or full weight bearing,and reoperation were recorded for all *** outcome was assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society clinical scoring *** were obtained at 4,8,12,16,20,and 24 wk until radiographic union was *** All patients displayed complete bony union on radiographic assessment,and no patients developed any serious *** observed two superficial infections,one delayed wound healing,and two plate *** differences were observed between the two age groups in terms of radiographic healing(11.9 wk in younger patients vs 13.7 wk in older patients;P=0.011)and in the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score at 6 mo after surgery(88.2 in younger patients vs 86.0 in older patients;P=0.001)and at 12 mo after surgery(92.6 in younger patients vs 90.0 in older patients;P=0.000).CONCLUSION Locking plates provide a stable and rigid fixation in multifragmentary and comminuted fractures or in the presence of poor bone quality.

关键词： Ankle fracture Locking plate Distal fibula fracture Outcome Complications Osteoporosis

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Markers of systemic inflammation and colorectal adenoma risk: Meta-analysis of observational studies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第10期23卷 1909-1919页

作者： Justyna Godos Antonio Biondi Fabio Galvano francesco Basile Salvatore Sciacca Edward L Giovannucci giuseppe Grosso Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele Department of General Surgery Section of General Surgery and OncologyUniversity of Catania Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania Department of Epidemiology Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Department of Nutrition Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Channing Division of Network Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School

To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies on inflammatory markers levels and occurrence of colorectal *** and EMBASE databases were searched until March 2016 for the articles reporting on the circulating levels of inflammatory markers, including: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and risk of colorectal adenoma. Random-effects models were used to calculate summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95%CIs for the highest vs lowest category of exposure. Heterogeneity was assessed by using the Q test and I2 statistic. Subgroup analyses were also performed to test for potential source of *** total of 14 case-control studies were included. Ten studies on CRP including a total of 3350 cases and 4168 controls showed non-significant summary (OR = 1.23, 95%CI: 0.98-1.54; I2 = 54%, Pheterogeneity = 0.01) in the general analysis, but significant increased odds when considering only advanced adenoma (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.09-2.32; I2 = 44%, Pheterogeneity = 0.15). Subgroup and stratified analyses revealed a potential influence of smoking status and aspirin use on the association between CRP levels and colorectal adenoma. Five studies examined the association between circulating levels of TNF-α and colorectal adenoma risk, including a total of 1,568 cases and 2,832 controls. The summary OR for the highest vs the lowest category of exposure was 1.00 (95%CI: 0.77-1.29). The relationship between circulating IL-6 levels and colorectal adenoma risk was investigated in 7 studies including a total of 1936 cases and 3611 controls. The summary OR for the highest vs the lowest category of exposure was 1.19 (95%CI: 0.92-1.55).CONCLUSIONSummary of current evidence suggests a positive association of CRP levels and advanced colorectal adenoma risk. The role of potential confounding factors should be further evaluated.

关键词： Inflammatory markers Meta-analysis Colorectal adenoma C-reactive protein Tumor necrosis factor-alpha Interleukin-6

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Assessing immunocompetence in red palm weevil adult and immature stages in response to bacterial challenge and entomopathogenic nematode infection

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Insect Science 2020年第5期27卷 1031-1042页

作者： Federico Cappa Giulia Torrini giuseppe Mazza Alberto francesco Inghilesi Claudia Benvenuti Leonardo Viliani Pio Federico Roversi Rita Cervo Department of Biology University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification FlorenceItaly

Parasites and pathogens can follow different patterns of infection depending on the host developmental stage or *** fact,immune function is energetically costly for hosts and trade-offs exist between immune defenses and life history traits as growth,de-velopment and reproduction and organisms should thus optimize immune defense through their life cycle according to their developmental *** the most susceptible target and the most virulent pathogen is particularly important in the case of insect pests,in order to develop effective control strategies targeting the most vulnerable individuals with the most effective control ***,we carried out laboratory tests to identify the most susceptible target of infection by infecting different stages of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(larvae,pupae,male,and female adults)with both a generic pathogen,antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli XL1-Blue,and two specific strains of entomopathogenic nematodes(EPNs),Steinernema carpocapsae ItS-CAO1 and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora *** evaluating bacterial clearance,host mortality and parasite progeny release,we demonstrate that larvae are more resistant than adults to bacterial challenge and they release less EPNs progeny after infection despite a higher mortality compared to *** the two EPN strains,*** was more virulent than *** both in terms of host mortality and more abundant progeny released by hosts after *** outcomes attained with unspecific and specific pathogens provide useful information for a more efficient and sustainable management of this invasive pest.

关键词： Escherichia coli Heterorhabditis bacteriophora immune response pathogens Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Steinernema carpocapsae

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Prevalence of celiac disease in adult patients with refractory functional dyspepsia:Value of routine duodenal biopsy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第45期14卷 6948-6953页

作者： Emiliano Giangreco Cinzia D'agate Carmelo Barbera Lidia Puzzo giuseppe Aprile Pietro Naso Giacomo Bonanno Alessandra Nicoletti Salvatore Incarbone giuseppe Trama Antonio Russo francesco Paolo Russo Department of Surgery Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit University of Catania Department of Surgical and Gastro-enterological Sciences Gastroenterology Section University of Padova

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in adult patients referred to an open access gas-troenterology clinic in the south of Italy and submitted to esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) for evaluation of refractory functional ***: Seven hundred and twenty six consecutive dyspeptic patients (282 male, 444 female; mean age 39.6 years, range 18-75 years) with unexplained prolonged dyspepsia were prospectively enrolled. Duo-denal biopsies were taken and processed by standard staining. Histological evaluation was carried out according to the Marsh-Oberhuber ***: The endoscopic findings were: normal in 61.2%, peptic lesions in 20.5%, malignancies in 0.5%, miscellaneous in 16.7%. CD was endoscopically diagnosed in 8 patients (1.1%), histologically in 15 patients (2%). The endoscopic features alone showed a sensitivity of 34.8% and specificity of 100%, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% and a negative predictive value (NPP) of 97.9%.CONCLUSION: This prospective study showed that CD has a high prevalence (1:48) in adult dyspeptic patients and suggests the routine use of duodenal biopsy in this type of patient undergoing EGD.

关键词： Celiac disease Endoscopy Biopsy Functional Dyspepsia

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Feasibility study of a diesel-powered hybrid DMU

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第3期29卷 271-284页

作者： Matteo Magelli giuseppe Boccardo Nicola Bosso Nicolo Zampieri Pierangelo Farina Andrea Tosetto francesco Mocera Aurelio Soma Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 24TurinItaly Blue Engineering S.R.L. Via Albenga 98RivoliTurinItaly

Nowadays,the interest in hybrid vehicles is constantly increasing,not only in the automotive sector,but also in other transportation systems,to reduce pollution and emissions and to improve the overall efficiency of the *** railway vehicles are typically the most eco-friendly transportation system,since commonly their primary energy source is electricity,they can still gain benefits from hybrid technologies,as many lines worldwide are not *** fact,hybrid solutions allow ICEpowered(internal combustion engine)railway vehicles,such as diesel multiple units(DMUs),to operate in fullelectric mode even when the track lacks *** possibility to switch to full electric mode is of paramount importance when the vehicle runs on urban or underground track sections,where low or zero emission levels are *** conduct the feasibility study of hybridization of an existing DMU vehicle,designed by Blue Engineering S.r.l.,running on the Aosta–Torino Italian railway line,which includes a non-electrified urban track section and an electrified underground *** hybridization is obtained by replacing one of the diesel generators installed on the original vehicle with a battery pack,which ensures the vehicle to operate in full-electric mode to complete its mission *** hybridization is also exploited to implement a regenerative braking strategy,which allows an increase in the energetical efficiency of the vehicle up to 18%.This work shows the sizing of the battery pack based on dynamic simulations performed on the Turin underground track section,and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the hybridization process.

关键词： Hybrid railway vehicle Energy saving Regenerative braking Diesel multiple unit Lithium battery

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Preoperative and postoperative risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection in primary total hip arthroplasty:A 1-year experience

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第10期13卷 903-910页

作者： giuseppe Ferdinando Tella Cesare Donadono francesco Castagnini Barbara Bordini Monica Cosentino Michele Di Liddo francesco Traina Ortopedia-Traumatologia e Chirurgia protesica e dei reimpianti d'anca e di ginocchio IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBologna 40125Italy Laboratorio di Tecnologia Medica IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBologna 40125Italy

BACKGROUND Periprosthetic joint infection(PJI)in primary total hip replacement(THR)is one of the most important threats in orthopedic surgery,so one important surgeon’s target is to avoid or early diagnose a *** the incidence of PJI is very low(0.69%)in our department,with an average follow-up of 595 d,this infection poses a serious threat due to the difficulties of treatment and the lower functional outcomes after *** To study the incidence of PJI in all operations occurring in the year 2016 in our department to look for predictive signs of potential *** We counted 583 THR for 578 patients and observed only 4 cases of infection(0.69%)with a mean follow-up of 596 d(min 30,max 1451).We reviewed all medical records to collect the data:duration and time of the surgery,presence,type and duration of the antibiotic therapy,preoperative diagnosis,blood values before and after surgery,transfusions,presence of preoperative drugs(in particularly anticoagulants and antiaggregant,corticosteroids and immunosuppressants),presence of some comorbidities(high body mass index,blood hypertension,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,cardiac ischemia,diabetes,rheumatological conditions,previous local infections).RESULTS No preoperative,intraoperative,or postoperative analysis showed a higher incidence of *** did not find any class with evident major odds of *** our study,we did not find any border value to predict PJI and all patients had similar values in both groups(non-PJI and PJI).Only some categories,such as female patients,showed more frequency of PJI,but this difference related to sex was not statistically *** We did not find any category with a higher risk of PJI in THR,probably due to the lack of few cases of infection.

关键词： Primary total hip replacement Periprosthetic joint infection Preoperative risk factors Postoperative risk factors Preoperative and postoperative blood value Total hip arthroplasty

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Volume/thrust optimal shape criteria for arches under static vertical loads

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2018年第6期5卷 503-509页

作者： giuseppe Carlo Marano francesco Trentadue Rita Greco Ivo Vanzi Bruno Briseghella DICAR Department of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureTechnical University of BariBail 70125Italy College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China DICATECH Department of Civil EngineeringEnvironmentTerritoryBuilding and ChemicalTechnical University of BariBari 70125Italy Department of Engineering and Geology University of Chieti-Pescara "G.d'Annunzio"Pescara65127Italy

Arches are widely used when large spans are necessary, e.g. to overpass large rivers, and further possess unquestioned aesthetics advantages. Their structural efficiency depends primarily on optimal material exploitation, i.e. minimization of internal stress eccentricity,and on minimization of structural material volume. An efficient structure, under these terms, further requires simpler and lighter scaffolding, contributing in minimizing construction *** arches have millenary use and many researches dealing with this typology are available in literature, there is still scope for design optimization. The proposed study is framed within this context. Investigation is limited to statically determinate plane arches under vertical load. The problem of finding the profile of an equal strength catenary subjected to its self-weight is spread out to the case of an inverted catenary of equal strength under its self-weight and an external constant load. In the first optimization step, constant normal stress is imposed at all sections, to maximize material exploitation, and the resulting arch centerline shape is computed in closed form. In the second step, the ensemble of foundations and arch is considered and optimized, taking the linear combination of arch weight and thrust as objective function. The linear combination is dependent on a single variable, and minima of the objective function(i.e. optimal geometric shape parameters) are computed and charted to be simply used in the design process.

关键词： Plane arch Vertical loads Optimal shape Volume/thrust objective functions Analytical solution

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AtSYP51/52 Functions Diverge in the Post-Golgi Traffic and Differently Affect Vacuolar Sorting

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Molecular Plant 2013年第3期6卷 916-930页

作者： Maria De Benedictis Gianluca Bleve Marianna Faraco Egidio Stigliano francesco Grieco Gabriella Piro giuseppe Dalessandro Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali University of Salento Campus Ecotekne 73100 Lecce Italy Present address: Dipartimento di Bioscienze Universita degli Studi di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A 43124 Parma Italy Institute of Science of Food Production National Research Council via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology University of Neuchatel Rue Emile-Argand 11 CP 158 2009 Neuchatel Switzerland

Plant sensitive factor attachment protein receptors （SNAREs） encoded by genes of the same sub-family are generally considered as redundant in promoting vesicle-associated membrane fusion events. Nonetheless, the application of innovative experimental approaches highlighted that members of the same gene sub-family often have different functional specificities. In this work, two closely related Qc-SNAREs--the AtSYP51 and the AtSYP52--are compared in their ability to influence different secretory pathways. Their role in the vesicle sorting to the central vacuole has been revised and they were found to have a novel inhibitory function. When transiently overexpressed, the SYP51 and the SYP52 distributed between the TGN and the tonoplast. Our data demonstrate that these SYPs （syntaxin of plants） act as t-SNARE when present on the membrane of TGN/PVC, whereas they behave as inhibitory or interfering SNAREs （i-SNAREs） when they accumulate on the tonoplast. Moreover, the performed functional analysis indicated that the AtSYP51 and the AtSYP52 roles differ in the traffic to the vacuole. The findings are a novel contribution to the functional characterization of plant SNAREs that reveals additional non-fusogenic roles.

关键词： endocytosis endosome Golgi i-SNARE plant endomembranes protoplast SNARE TGN tonoplast vacuole.

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Proton pump inhibitors in cirrhosis:Tradition or evidence based practice?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第19期14卷 2980-2985页

作者： Francesca Lodato francesco Azzaroli Maria Di Girolamo Valentina Feletti Paolo Cecinato Andrea Lisotti Davide Festi Enrico Roda giuseppe Mazzella Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Gastroenterology UnitUniversity of Bologna

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) are very effective in inhibiting acid secretion and are extensively used in many acid related diseases. They are also often used in patients with cirrhosis sometimes in the absence of a specific acid related disease, with the aim of preventing peptic complications in patients with variceal or hypertensive gastropathic bleeding receiving multidrug treatment. Contradicting reports support their use in cirrhosis and evidence of their efficacy in this condition is poor. Moreover there are convincing papers suggesting that acid secretion is reduced in patients with liver cirrhosis. With regard to Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection, its prevalence in patients with cirrhosis is largely variable among different studies, and it seems that H pylori eradication does not prevent gastro-duodenal ulcer formation and bleeding. With regard to the prevention and treatment of oesophageal complications after banding or sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices, there is little evidence for a protective role of PPI. Moreover, due to liver metabolism of PPI, the dose of most available PPIs should be reduced in cirrhotics. In conclusion, the use of this class of drugs seems more habit related than evidence- based eventually leading to an increase in health costs.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitors Cirrhosis H pylori Peptic ulcer CYP P450

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