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Intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease:Friend of foe?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第5期17卷 557-566页

作者： francesca fava Silvio Danese Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit Istituto Clinico HumanitasVia Manzoni 11320089 RozzanoMilanoItaly

Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） arises from disruption of immune tolerance to the gut commensal microbiota, leading to chronic intestinal inflammation and mucosal damage in genetically predisposed hosts. In healthy individuals the intestinal microbiota have a symbiotic relationship with the host organism and possess important and unique functions, including a metabolic function （i.e. digestion of dietary compounds and xenobiotics, fermentation of undigestible carbohydrates with production of short chain fatty acids）, a mucosal barrier function （i.e. by inhibiting pathogen invasion and strengthening epithelial barrier integrity）, and an immune modula- tory function （i.e. mucosal immune system priming and maintenance of intestinal epithelium homeostasis）. A fine balance regulates the mechanism that allows co- existence of mammals with their commensal bacteria. In IBD this mechanism of immune tolerance is impaired because of several potential causative factors. The gut microbiota composition and activity of IBD patients are abnormal, with a decreased prevalence of dominant members of the human commensal microbiota （i.e. Clostridium IXa and IV groups, Bacteroides, bifldobacteria） and a concomitant increase in detrimental bacteria （i.e. sulphate-reducing bacteria, Escherichia coll. The observed dysbiosis is concomitant with defectiveinnate immunity and bacterial killing （i.e. reduced mucosal defensins and IgA, malfunctioning phagocytosis） and overaggressive adaptive immune response （due to ineffective regulatory T cells and antigen presenting cells）, which are considered the basis of IBD pathogen- esis. However, we still do not know how the interplay between these parameters causes the disease. Studies looking at gut microbial composition, epithelial integrity and mucosal immune markers in genotyped IBD populations are therefore warranted to shed light on this obscure pathogenesis.

关键词： Microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Microbial dysbiosis Immune tolerance Innate immu-nity Mucosal barrier

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Private somatic mutations identified with liquid biopsy lead tumor progression in solid cancers

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 718-725页

作者： Maria Palmieri Margherita Baldassarri Nicola Iuso francesca fava Alessandra Fabbiani Francesco Cetta Chiara Fallerini Rossella Tita Maria Antonietta Mencarelli Alessandra Renieri Elisa Frullanti Medical Genetics University of SienaSiena 53100Italy Department of Medical Biotechnologies Med Biotech Hub and Competence CenterUniversity of SienaSiena 53100Italy Genetica Medica Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria SeneseSiena 53100Italy

Aim:Primary tumors can be divided into oncogene-addicted(e.g.,lung)and non-oncogene addicted(e.g.,breast).Only the former group has an Achilles-heel single gene for successful target therapy,whereas the latter has mutations of multiple causative ***,tissue biopsy used for genetic surveys do not give a complete picture of the molecular profile and clonal evolution,but only provide static information over ***:A series of 133 patients with 16 different solid tumors were *** samples were collected and cell-free DNA(cfDNA)was *** libraries were analyzed using AVENIO circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)Expanded Kit and Illumina NextSeq 550 for sequencing was *** order to evaluate the clinical evolution over time,a second cfDNA analysis was performed after a mean interval of 2 ***:Through the cfDNA liquid biopsy,we found 89 pathogenic variants in 54 ***,lung,and prostate cancers showed the largest number of mutated ***53,PIK3CA,FGFR3,KRAS,and ERBB2 were the most frequently mutated genes among 16 different *** distribution didn’t show any type of *** particular,every patient with disease progression seems to have a“private”combination of gene pair mutations,with TP53 as the most frequently mutated ***:We showed that the clonal evolution of tumors includes a private combination of genes,regardless of tumor *** the future,the cancer treatment can be the targeted therapy against specific tumor mutation(s).The present approach seems promising to both identify key cancer genes and follow clonal evolution over time.

关键词： Cell-free DNA liquid biopsy solid tumors advanced tumors private mutations targeted-therapy

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Lighting the shades of hidden pain:a role for spinal cord neurons and microglia in vestibulodynia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2898-2900页

作者： Rosmara Infantino francesca Gargano Serena Boccella Carmela Belardo Andrea Maria Morace francesca Guida Sabatino Maione Livio Luongo Department of Experimental Medicine Division of PharmacologyUniversitàdegli Studi della Campania“L.Vanvitelli”Italy UniversitàCampus Bio-medico di Roma RomeItaly

Vulvodynia,a chronic pain disorder affecting the vulvar region,represents a significant challenge in both diagnosis and treatment within the field of women’s *** condition is characterized by chronic pain that significantly affects the quality of life of afflicted *** present perspective paper examines the role of spinal sensitization and microglial activation in vulvodynia.

关键词： pain diagnosis activation

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Additive neurorestorative effects of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid intake in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 574-586页

作者： Olivier Kerdiles Méryl-Farelle Oye Mintsa Mi-mba Katherine Coulombe Cyntia Tremblay VincentÉmond Martine Saint-Pierre Clémence Rouxel Line Berthiaume Pierre Julien francesca Cicchetti Frédéric Calon Facultéde pharmacie UniversitéLaval1050 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecQCCanada Axe Neuroscience Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLaval(Pavillon CHUL)2705 Boulevard LaurierQuebecQCCanada Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods QuebecQCCanada Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory(NutriNeuro FranceINAFCanada)QuebecQCCanada Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada Département de Médecine Facultéde MédecineUniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences Facultéde MédecineQuebecQCCanada

There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease after *** that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as docosahexaenoic acid,and exercise in Parkinson’s disease,we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic ***,mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal *** weeks after lesion,animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 *** this period,the animals had access to a running wheel,which they could use or *** acid treatment,voluntary exercise,or the combination of both had no effect on(i)distance traveled in the open field test,(ii)the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or(iii)the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars ***,the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned *** to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone,the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise(i)improved forelimb balance in the stepping test,(ii)decreased the striatal DOPAC/dopamine ratio and(iii)led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned *** present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： 6-hydroxydopamine dopamine dopamine transporter exercise neurorestoration Parkinson’s disease polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3

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On the Regularity of Shear Thickening Viscous Fluids

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2009年第3期30卷 273-280页

作者： francesca CRISPO Dipartimento di Matematica Applicata "U.Dini" Università di PisaVia Buonarroti 1/c56127 PisaItaly.

The aim of this note is to improve the regularity results obtained by H. Beirao da Veiga in 2008 for a class of p-fluid flows in a cubic domain. The key idea is exploiting the better regularity of solutions in the tan... 详细信息

关键词： Non-Newtonian fluids Shear dependent viscosity Boundary regularity

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Investigation of the porous drag and permeability at the porous-fluid interface: Influence of the filtering parameters on Darcy closure

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Particuology 2023年第7期78卷 122-135页

作者： Wojciech Sadowski francesca di Mare Chair of Thermal Turbomachines and Aeroengines Department of Mechanical EngineeringRuhr University BochumUniversitatsstr.15044801Germany

The porous-fluid interface encompasses a region bridging the flow inside a porous medium and a free-flowing *** the context of volume-averaged simulations,it can be described by a set of gradually changing parameters defining the porous medium,mainly porosity and *** this paper,both the permeability and the porous-induced drag force are evaluated a-priori,by explicitly filtering a set of Particle-Resolved Simulations(PRS)of the flow in the channel partially occupied by the porous *** porous matrices are considered and the influence of the geometry and filtering parameters on the macroscopic quantities is ***,the focus is placed on the requirements for the kernel type and size to perform filtering accurately,and their impact on the distribution of permeability at the *** performance of the typically used models for the permeability is compared to the explicitly filtered ***,a new model for permeability and the drag force is introduced,taking into account the information about the fltering size and non-uniformity of the velocity *** model greatly improves the prediction of velocity at the porous-fluid interface and serves as a proof of concept that a successful porous drag model should strive to include information about both parameters.

关键词： Porous-fluid interface Explicit filtering Permeability Porous drag

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Simulation of unconventional well tests with the finite volume method

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Petroleum Science 2012年第3期9卷 317-329页

作者： CANCELLIERE Michel VERGA francesca Politecnico di Torino DITAGTorino (TO) 10129 Italy

The finite volume method has been successfully applied in several engineering fields and has shown outstanding performance in fluid dynamics simulation. In this paper, the general framework for the simulation ofnear-wellbore systems using the finite volume method is described. The mathematical model and the numerical model developed by the authors are presented and discussed. A radial geometry in the vertical plane was implemented so as to thoroughly describe near-wellbore phenomena. The model was then used to simulate injection tests in an oil reservoir through a horizontal well and proved very powerful to correctly reproduce the transient pressure behavior. The reason for this is the robustness of the method, which is independent of the gridding options because the discretization is performed in the physical space. The model is able to describe the phenomena taking place in the reservoir even in complex situations, i.e. in the presence of heterogeneities and permeability barriers, demonstrating the flexibility of the finite volume method when simulating non-conventional tests. The results are presented in comparison with those obtained with the finite difference numerical approach and with analytical methods, if possible.

关键词： Finite volume method numerical methods horizontal well modeling injection testing gridding

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Chronic kidney disease as a predictor of clinical risk in the elderly

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第3期13卷 199-201页

作者： francesca Viazzi francesca Cappadona Barbara Bonino Roberto Pontremoli University of Genoa and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Genoa Italy

Facing the needs of an increasingly ageing population is rapidly becoming a major public health issue in western countries, Chronic kidney disease （CKD）, whose current prevalence is estimated around 10%-15% in the general population, with considerably higher figures in at-risk groups, is widely known to increase with age. In the elderly, renal impairment is often concomitant or secondary to several other systemic disorders such as hypertension, atherosclerosis,

关键词： Albuminuria Chronic kidney disease Glomerular filtration rate Risk assessment The elderly

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Long-noncoding RNAs as epigenetic regulators in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1243-1248页

作者： Paola Ruffo francesca De Amicis Emiliano Giardina francesca Luisa Conforti Medical Genetics Laboratory Department of PharmacyHealth and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaRendeItaly Department of Pharmacy Health and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaRendeItaly Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM IRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly Department of Biomedicine&Prevention Tor Vergata University of RomeRomeItaly

The growing and rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies have allowed a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying gene expression *** the epigenome and epitranscriptome directs the fate of the transcript influencing the functional outcome of each *** this context,non-coding RNAs play a decisive role in addressing the expression regulation at the gene and chromosomal ***-noncoding RNAs,consisting of more than 200 nucleotides,have been shown to act as epigenetic regulators in several key molecular processes involving neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington’s ***-noncoding RNAs are abundantly expressed in the central nervous system,suggesting that their deregulation could trigger neuronal degeneration through RNA *** evaluation of their diagnostic significance and therapeutic potential could lead to new treatments for these diseases for which there is no cure.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis epigenetic mechanism Huntington’s disease long-noncoding RNAs neurodegenerative disease non-coding RNAs Parkinson’s disease

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Is it possible to develop a cerebellar reserve?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 994-996页

作者： francesca Gelfo Laura Petrosini Department of Human Sciences Guglielmo Marconi UniversityRomeItaly IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia RomeItaly

The concept of neural plasticity accounts for the now well clarified brain ability to react to internal and external stimuli by transforming its structure and *** translation of whatever experience in specific electrical signals that run through our neural networks induces a number of plastic changes at both functional and structural levels.

关键词： function. translation clarified

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