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Hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic effects of aqueous extract of Ipomoea batatas leaves in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第3期19卷 243-250页

作者： Fidele Ntchapda fernand c.tchatchouang David Miaffo Barthelemy Maidadi Lorella Vecchio Rodrigue E.Talla christian Bonabe Paul F.Seke Etet Theophile Dimo Department of Biological Sciences University of NgaoundereNgaoundereAdamawa RegionCameroon Department of Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers’Training CollegeUniversity of MarouaExtreme North RegionCameroon center for Sustainable Health and Development GarouaNorth RegionCameroon Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of NgaoundereGarouaNorth RegionCameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology University of Yaoundé1YaoundeCentre RegionCameroon

Objective:Ipomoea batatas(L.)*** a food plant used in African traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases and related *** assessed the hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic properties of the aqueous extract of *** leaves in a rat model of diet-induced ***:Hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats by exclusive feeding with a cholesterolenriched(1%)standard diet for four ***,rats were treated once daily(per os)with *** extract at doses of 400,500 and 600 mg/kg or with atorvastatin(2 mg/kg),for four *** treatment,animals were observed for another four weeks and then *** were excised and processed for histopathological studies,and blood glucose level and lipid profile were ***:Hypercholesterolemic animals experienced a 21.5%faster increase in body weight,significant increases in blood glucose and blood lipids(148.94%triglycerides,196.97%high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,773.04%low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,148.93%very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 210.42%total cholesterol),and increases in aorta thickness and atherosclerotic plaque sizes compared to rats fed standard *** of hypercholesterolemic rats with the extract mitigated these alterations and restored blood glucose and blood lipid levels to normocholesterolemic ***:Our findings suggest that *** leaves have hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic properties and justify their use in traditional medicine.

关键词： Hypercholesterolemic rat Ipomoea batatas Atherosclerotic plaques High-density lipoprotein cholesterol Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

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A Review: On Smart Materials Based on Some Polysaccharides;within the contextual Bigger Data, Insiders, “Improvisation” and Said Artificial Intelligence Trends

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 41-77页

作者： Serge Rebouillat fernand Pla currently with DuPont Int. Op. European Headquarter Geneva Switzerland Laboratory of Reactions and Process Engineering University of Lorraine Nancy France

Smart Materials are along with Innovation attributes and Artificial Intelligence among the most used “buzz” words in all media. central to their practical occurrence, many talents are to be gathered within new contextual data influxes. Has this, in the last 20 years, changed some of the essential fundamental dimensions and the required skills of the actors such as providers, users, insiders, etc.? This is a preliminary focus and prelude of this review. As an example, polysaccharide materials are the most abundant macromolecules present as an integral part of the natural system of our planet. They are renewable, biodegradable, carbon neutral with low environmental, health and safety risks and serve as structural materials in the cell walls of plants. Most of them are used, for many years, as engineering materials in many important industrial processes, such as pulp and papermaking and manufacture of synthetic textile fibres. They are also used in other domains such as conversion into biofuels and, more recently, in the design of processes using polysaccharide nanoparticles. The main properties of polysaccharides (e.g. low density, thermal stability, chemical resistance, high mechanical strength…), together with their biocompatibility, biodegradability, functionality, durability and uniformity, allow their use for manufacturing smart materials such as blends and composites, electroactive polymers and hydrogels which can be obtained 1) through direct utilization and/or 2) after chemical or physical modifications of the polysaccharides. This paper reviews recent works developed on polysaccharides, mainly on cellulose, hemicelluloses, chitin, chitosans, alginates, and their by-products (blends and composites), with the objectives of manufacturing smart materials. It is worth noting that, today, the fundamental understanding of the molecular level interactions that confer smartness to polysaccharides remains poor and one can predict that new experimental and theoretical t

关键词： Polysaccharides cellulose Hemicelluloses chitosan Alginate composites Blends Hydrogels Smart Materials Electro-Active Papers Sensors Actuators Bigger Data Innovation Science in Education Jazz 4c cRAc

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Brain Stroke as a Post-Operative Lethal complication of a Bilateral chronic Subdural Hematoma: A case Report

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2021年第2期11卷 122-127页

作者： fernand Nathan Imoumby Franck Kouakou Yao c. Hugues Dokponou Abad cherif El Asri Miloud Gazzaz Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital Rabat Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a common neurosurgical condition that is frequently encountered in neurosurgery practice. Its etiologies are dominated by traumatic head injury, and clinical presentations are various. The prognosis is generally good, but complications can be seen. Some of these complications can lead to the death of the patient. We report the rare case of a 70-year-old man admitted to the emergency room for the management of bilateral cSDH revealed by severe headache, vomiting, and loss of consciousness. He underwent a successful evacuation of both hematomas but had a stroke in both posterior cerebral artery territories, which was lethal 72 hours after surgery. We present and try to find an explanation for this exceptional post-operative complication of cSDH.

关键词： Brain Stroke complication Subdural Hematoma case Report

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Sizing of a Filter (<i>L-c</i>) for a 180°control Inverter connected to a Medium Voltage Network

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第5期11卷 565-576页

作者： Kouakou fernand Koffi Gondo Yake Raymond Gbegbe Georges Loum Olivier Asseu Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouë t Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Université Félix Houphouë t Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Ecole Supérieure Africaine des Technologies d’Information et de la communication (ESATIc) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

This paper studies the design and sizing of a filter (L-c) for an inverter with 180° control in Medium voltage (MV), based on formulas of the capacitance of the capacitor c and the inductance L of the filter (L-c) of an SPWM inverter. These formulas were obtained by minimizing two parameters: the reactive power of the capacitor (capped at 5% of the apparent power of the load) and the ripple of the current flowing through inductance L (capped at 10% of the current supplying the load). The application of these formulas for the calculation of the filter (L-c) of the 180° control inverter in MV is not conclusive. Studies have been carried out to make them applicable. The results show that limiting the current ripple in the inductor to 10% of the load current is a valid assumption and that limiting the reactive power of the capacitor to 5% of the apparent power of the load presents shortcomings. The results also show that setting the inductance L of the filter to Lmaxi and the capacitor c from 35 × cmaxi to 400 × cmaxi gives voltage and current THDs that meet the 519 IEEE-2014 standards.

关键词： filter (L-c) THD inverter with 180° control and with SPWM control mathematical iterations MV. MATLAB-SIMULINK

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Effects of Different Levels of Fertilization with Hen Droppings on the Production and chemical composition of <i>Pennisetum clandestinum</i>(Poaceae)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第4期11卷 543-558页

作者： Wauffo David Fokom fernand Tendonkeng Gilles Jiope Azangue Emile Miégoué France-Gina Tobou Djoumessi Nyah cédric Kwayep Mama Mouchili Institute of Agricultural Research for development (IRAD) Bangangté Cameroon Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Cameroon Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Dschang Cameroon

The use of organic manures, constitute an alternative to that of polluting artificial fertilizers. In this study, the effect of various levels of hen droppings fertilization on the production of biomass, chemical composition and carrying capacity of P. clandestinum were evaluated at the Research and Experimental Farm (REF) and at the Animal Nutrition and Feeding Laboratory of the University of Dschang, between April and September 2016. A completely randomized block design comparing three nitrogen level of fertilization in hen droppings form (0;100 and 200 kg N/ha) on 4 m2 plot of P. clandestinum were used. Each treatment was carried out in four replications for a total of 12 experimental plots. Then a sample of 500 g of forage has been collected in the center of each plot, then dried and used for the evaluation of the biomass and the chemical composition of P. clandestinum, according to the level of fertilization and

关键词： Fertilization Hen Droppings Biomass chemical composition Pennisetum clandestinum

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Improving the Quality of Rubber Plants in Bagged Nurseries by the Use of compost-Based culture Substrates

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2021年第11期11卷 567-585页

作者： Jean Lopez Essehi Eric Francis Soumahin Guy fernand Yao Samuel Obouayeba Albert Yao-Kouamé National Agricultural of Research centre Food Crop Research Station Soil Water and Plant Central Laboratory Bouaké C&#244 te d’Ivoire University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Training and Research Unit of Agroforestry Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Pathology Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire National Agricultural of Research centre Research Station of Bimbresso Hevea Program Bimbresso C&#244 te d’Ivoire University Félix Houphouë t-Boigny Training and Research Unit of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources Department of Soil Sciences Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

The decrease of fertility soils, the rarity of quality potting soil used to fill nursery bags, the high cost of chemical fertilisers and the problems associated with their use are leading planters and rubber nurserymen in developing and/or expanding areas to look for alternative and sustainable fertilization. In this perspective, a trial was carried out at Research Station of cNRA-Bimbresso and in a farmer’s environment in order to evaluate the agronomic quality of compost made from chicken droppings and dry Panicum maximum straw to improve the growth of rubber plants in bagged nurseries. Mixtures based on potting soil and/or compost in different proportions were prepared. The follow-up of the trial focused on determination of the physico-chemical characteristics of the soils, measurement of the parameters of vegetative growth and the grafting success rate evaluation of rubber plants in nursery. The results obtained show that compost-based crop substrates increase soil organic matter, nitrogen, exchangeable bases, etc., in proportion to the doses applied. For the pH, the application of compost resulted in a reduction in soil acidity of about 1.3 unit compared to the initial values at the two study sites. The vegetative behaviour of the rubber plants also shows that qualitative (height and collar diameter) and quantitative (grafting success rate) improvements were recorded in the plants raised in compost-based substrates. The production of rubber plants in bagged nurseries was optimal with compost doses of 27 t⋅ha−1 (at Bimbresso, in the southeast) and 27 t⋅ha−1 combined with fractionated application of urea (at Kimoukro, in the centre), which under the conditions of the present study may be the recommended doses on rubber plants in bagged nurseries at c

关键词： compost Soils Parameters Vegetative Growth Hevea brasiliensis côte d’Ivoire

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clinical, aetiological and evolutive aspects of West syndrome in Yaoundé(cameroon)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第4期3卷 306-310页

作者： Séraphin Nguefack Boniface Moifo Andréas chiabi Antoine Ledoux Defo Evelyn Mah Florence Fru Paul cédric Mbonda Pierre fernand Tchokoteu Elie Mbonda Departement of Pediatric Neurology Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: West syndrome (WS) is an epileptic syndrome of the infant occurring between the 3rd and 12th months of life and characterized by the triad: infantile spasms in flexion, extension or mixed;global developmental delay;and hypsarrythmia on the electroencephalogram (EEG). Its incidence varies between 2.9 and 4.5 per 10,000 live births. West syndrome is caused by a brain dysfunction whose origins can be prenatal, neonatal and postnatal. Sometimes the aetiology is genetic or unknown. Purpose: To determine the main clinical, aetiological and major evolutive aspects of West syndrome in child neurology unit in a university-affiliated hospital in Yaoundé. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective descriptive study conducted from September 2011 to January 2012 inthe child neurology unit of the Yaoundé gynaeco-obstetric and paediatric hospital. The medical records of 68 children followed for West syndrome (WS) in the service during the period from February 2008 to January 2012 (48 months) were used. All infants of 1- to 16-month-old with the diagnosis of WS were included. The diagnosis of WS was based on clinical evidence of spasm in flexion and/or in extension with global development delay, and EEG evidence of hypsarythmia or focal/multifocal epileptic abnormalities when hypsarythmia is absent. For each included infant, relevant medical history and complete physical examination were performed. The following data were collected and reported on a standardized questionnaire: prenatal, perinatal and postnatal past histories, age at onset of spasms, age at diagnosis, semiology of spasms, psychomotor development, the EEG and cT aspects and the evolutive modes of WS under treatment. Psychomotor development was assessed using theDenverdevelopmental screening test (DDST) which assesses the mental age compared to chronological age. Results: The age of onset of spasms varied between 1 and 16 months with a mean of 4.69 (±1.98) months. Males were highly represented with a se

关键词： West Syndrome Epilepsy Aetiology Evolution cameroon

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Effects of Different Levels of Garlic Powder Incorporated in the Feed Enriched with Stylosanthes guianensis on Reproduction and Pre-Weaning Growth Performances of cavies (cavia porcellus)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 574-589页

作者： Martin Vidal Tatang Emile Miégoué Margaret Mary Momo chongsi Wouafo David Fokom Nyah cédric Kwayep Paulette Ntsafack Tobou France-Gina Djoumessi Mathieu Duclos Fogang fernand Tendonkeng Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Multipurpose Research Station Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Bangangté Cameroon

In order to increase the productivity of the local cavies as a meat animal, a study was carried out between November 2021 and March 2022 at the Research and Experimental Farm, Animal Nutrition and Production Research Unit of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FAAS) and the Microbiology and Anti-Microbial Research Unite of the University of Dschang on 72 cavies aged between 4 and 5 months and weighing an average of 450 ± 50 g produced on the farm, including 60 females and 12 males. The females were distributed according to a completely randomized factorial design in twelve (12) rearing boxes numbered G1 to G12, with 15 females per group distributed in 03 boxes and receiving iso-nitrogenated experimental diet (18% protein) R0 enriched with 20% of Stylosanthes guianensis (0% garlic powder), R0.25 (0.25% garlic powder), R0.50 (0.50% garlic powder) and R0.75 (0.75% garlic powder). Females were identified by numbered ear tags and mated with a sex ratio of 5 females for 1 male. Drinking water enriched with vitamin c (01 tablet of 240 mg in 1.5 liters of water) was served ad libitum and renewed daily. The males were removed after 31 days. A form was established to record the weight of each pregnant female, any abortions during gestation, the date of parturition and the date of birth of each newborn, as well as the number of live-born or stillborn pups. After parturition, the weights of female and newborn cavies were recorded weekly until the 3rd week. The number of cavies that died before weaning and the number of live weaned cavies were also recorded. Reproductive performance significantly increased (p 0.05) fertility rate and net fertility rate, litter size, birth viability rate, and pre-weaning viability rate with rations containing garlic powder, compared to the control ration, especially with the R0.50 ration. In addition, birth mortality and pre-weaning mortality were significantly lower (p 0.05) with rations containing the additive, compare

关键词： cavy Garlic Powder Pre-Weaning Growth Reproduction Stylosanthes guianensis

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Integrated Numerical Simulation of Water Resources in crystalline Aquifers at KouéWatershed Scale(Western cote d’Ivoire)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第7期7卷 202-221页

作者： Vincent T.Assoma Martial Z.Konan christian G.Adon fernand K.Kouamé Laboratory of Science and Technology of Water and Environment University of Félix Houphouet-BoignyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire

The present work applied the HydroGeoSphere (HGS) model in humid tropical area to Koué watershed scale to simulate flows in porous and fractured area of crystalline aquifers. It integrates rainfall, physiographic, fractures, hydraulic drilling and hydrodynamic data. The simulation of flows in porous area concerned 5 test zones. The input database of the model is implemented on a triangular grid in porous area using Gridbuilder software and interactive block grid in fractured area. In order to use the model in these two environments, boundary condition was set. The infiltrations rate of the earth layers is estimated in the order to 10-5 ms-1. The model simulates the pumping with a good reproductivity of the drawdown profiles of groundwater at the drillings. The storage coefficients vary between 9.9 × 10-4 and 2 × 10-3. The hydraulic conductivities vary from 8.5 × 10-6 to 2 × 10-5. 73.9% of the drillings studied has a high hydraulic conductivity and shows a strong drawdown of the groundwater table. The study of the static levels of the ground water allowed indicating the distribution of the water resources in the drillings: 57% are deep in the first 10 meters, 36% between 10 and 20 m, and 7% in the higher level to 20 m deep in the earth.

关键词： crystalline Aquifer Hydrogeological Modelling HydroGeoSphere Water Resource Koué Watershed cote d’Ivoire

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中国东部草原区露天矿排土场土壤构建与改良研究

中国东部草原区露天矿排土场土壤构建与改良研究

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作者：福纳德（NGUEMA ABOGO Axel fernand）中国矿业大学

学位级别：硕士

长期以来,煤炭是中国产业经济及社会发展的重要基础能源,依据国家《能源发展战略行动计划2014-2020》,到2030年,煤炭在中国能源消费结构比例中仍维持在60%左右,由此表明短时间内中国煤炭能源消费的格局难以改变。煤炭资源开采过程中,按... 详细信息

长期以来,煤炭是中国产业经济及社会发展的重要基础能源,依据国家《能源发展战略行动计划2014-2020》,到2030年,煤炭在中国能源消费结构比例中仍维持在60%左右,由此表明短时间内中国煤炭能源消费的格局难以改变。煤炭资源开采过程中,按照开采方式划分主要包括井工开采、露天开采以及露天-井工联合开采等。与井工开采相比,露天开采由于具备资源回收率高、作业成本低、开采速度快等优点,因此在具备露天开采地质条件的地方,一般都采用露天开采作为主要的开采方式。中国范围内,露天开采是煤炭资源开采的重要组成部分。据统计,自2003年起,中国露天开采煤炭总量产量保持每年1%的增长速率,2016年露天总开采量占全国煤炭总产量约20%,其中千万吨级露天煤矿30余座,中国大型露天煤矿(产量≥1000万t)单矿年剥采总量超1亿m3。中国煤炭资源的大规模开采,一方面满足了中国经济建设的需要,另一方面也给局部带来了众多生态环境问题,尤其是土地损毁。据有关资料介绍,国外土地复垦率一般为70%0%,目前美国土地复垦率已达到85%,而在中国土地复垦率达50%左右。中国草原露天煤矿多处于水土资源匮乏的干旱生态脆弱区,煤矿的开采给本已脆弱的生态带来了更加严重的环境问题。近年来,随着煤炭资源需求量的增加,露天开采煤矿面临着显著的高强度和高速度开采,与此同时带来的问题就是环境问题,主要体现在土地复垦上。土地复垦,是指对生产建设活动和自然灾害损毁的土地,采取整治措施,使其达到可供利用状态的活动。例如,在生产建设过程中,因挖损、塌陷、压占等原因造成的土地破坏,采取整治措施,使其恢复到可供利用状态的活动。根据中国地质调查局2016年度《全国矿山地质环境调查报告》统计,全国矿山总面积1040万公顷(1.56亿亩),采矿损毁土地面积300多万公顷(4500多万亩)。截至2015年,已复垦治理采矿损毁土地86余万公顷(1290万亩)。仍有214万公顷(3210万亩)未复垦,治理率为28.7%,远低于国际矿山复垦率(50%-70%)(其中美国1977年以后因采矿业破坏的土地复垦率已达到85%以上)。土地复垦是有很重要的意义的。就像是人们通常使用植树造林的方式去荒漠化锁住土地中的水分,露天矿的开采会破坏原有的地下水的流动方式,从而导致水质的变化,像有水的组成和电导率。关于露天矿土地复垦的研究不断发展完善。在理论方面,各国对土地复垦都有明确的定义。Hossner在其((Reclamation of Surface Mined Lands(露天矿土地恢复)》一书中指出:复垦(Reclamation)的主要目标是重新建立永久稳定的景观地貌(Landscape),这种地貌在美学上和环境上能与未被破坏的土地相协调,而且采后土地的用途能最有效地促进其所在的生态系统的稳定和生产能力的提高。在土地复垦中,重构土壤质量影响着植物群落的发生、发育和演替的方向、速度。研究复垦地重构土壤状况与生物量的关系,一是有利于揭示二者关系产生的机理,二是有利于指导矿区土壤重构与植被重建的实践。国内外研究者对土壤理化性质与植被生物量的关系做了大量研究,但由于研究区域不同、尺度范围不同,其研究结果的差异很大。例如,国外对复垦土壤和植被交互影响的研究比较早,Frouz等分析了矿区复垦土壤与植被的演替规律及其交互作用影响。costigan等表明限制矿区植被生长恢复的主要因素有土壤肥力和pH值。Alday等研究发现复垦方法影响着采煤损毁土地植物的演替,当覆土厚度增大时植被恢复主要受限和土壤pH值的影响。土壤是植被生长发育的基础,能够不断地为植被提供营养物质和水分,并且土壤动物与土壤微生物共同参与营养物质循环,加快土壤有机物的分解,促进土壤腐殖质的转化,调节土壤肥力,进而影响植被的生长发育。土壤养分影响着植物器官的生长发育,调节植物对水、热、气的需求,在植被的演替过程中起到至关重要的作用。土壤养分的种类、组成和数量都影响着植被的生长发育,其中土壤有机质、N、P、K等是植物生长发育的必需元素,其含量与分布影响着植物的生长状态。fernandez指出土壤中c、N的积累速率对植物群落结构物种组成产生影响。Sainju和Good研究发现植被根系的密度与土壤的有机质、总氮、水溶性磷以及可交换性阳离子呈正相关,与土壤pH呈负相关。Pu等认为植被的根系形态与发育状况与土壤中养分的分布以及营养物质的配置密切相关。在草地生态系统中,土壤是植物根系生长发育的基质,土壤的理化特性和生物特性对草原植物群落生长力具有一定的控制作用。分析土壤的物理性质以及化学性质,结合植被的生长特征,对土壤剖面特征与植被生长的耦合关系进行。本论文以内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟胜利西一号露天矿(以下简称“胜利露天矿”)为对象,通过现场取样和测试分析土壤剖面特征与地表植被生长状态的关

关键词：复垦土壤性质土壤构建边坡稳定性植被生长

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