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A review on the transformation of birnessite in the environment:Implication for the stabilization of heavy metals

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 496-515页

作者： Miao Shi Qingzhu Li Qingwei Wang Xuelei Yan Bensheng Li Linhai feng Chao Wu rongrong Qiu Hongkai Zhang Zhihui Yang Weichun Yang Qi Liao Liyuan Chai School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment ofHeavy Metal Pollution Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Water Pollution Control Technology Key Lab of Hunan Province Changsha 410083China

Birnessite is ubiquitous in the natural environment where heavy metals are retained and easily transformed.The surface properties and structure of birnessite change with the changes in external environmental conditions,which also affects the fate of heavy metals.Clarifying the effect and mechanism of the birnessite phase transition process on heavy metals is the key to taking effective measures to prevent and control heavy metal pollution.Therefore,the four transformation pathways of birnessite are summarized first in this review.Second,the relationship between transformation pathways and environmental conditions is proposed.These relevant environmental conditions include abiotic(e.g.,co-existing ions,pH,oxygen pressure,temperature,electric field,light,aging,pressure)and biotic factors(e.g.,microorganisms,biomolecules).The phase transformation is achieved by the key intermediate of Mn(Ⅲ)through interlayer-condensation,folding,neutralizationdisproportionation,and dissolution-recrystallization mechanisms.The AOS(average oxidation state)of Mn and interlayer spacing are closely correlated with the phase transformation of birnessite.Last but not least,the mechanisms of heavy metals immobilization in the transformation process of birnessite are summed up.They involve isomorphous substitution,redox,complexation,hydration/dehydration,etc.The transformation of birnessite and its implication on heavy metals will be helpful for understanding and predicting the behavior of heavy metals and the crucial phase of manganese oxides/hydroxides in natural and engineered environments.

关键词： Birnessite Transformation Heavy metals Pathways Mechanism

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Regulation effects of water and nitrogen on yield,water,and nitrogen use efficiency of wolfberry

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 29-45页

作者： GAO Yalin QI Guangping MA Yanlin YIN Minhua WANG Jinghai WANG Chen TIAN rongrong XIAO feng LU Qiang WANG Jianjun College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Jingtaichuan Electric Power Irrigation Water Resource Utilization Center in Gansu Province Baiyin 730900China

Wolfberry(Lycium barbarum L.)is important for health care and ecological protection.However,it faces problems of low productivity and resource utilization during planting.Exploring reasonable models for water and nitrogen management is important for solving these problems.Based on field trials in 2021 and 2022,this study analyzed the effects of controlling soil water and nitrogen application levels on wolfberry height,stem diameter,crown width,yield,and water(WUE)and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE).The upper and lower limits of soil water were controlled by the percentage of soil water content to field water capacity(θ_(f)),and four water levels,i.e.,adequate irrigation(W0,75%-85%θ_(f)),mild water deficit(W1,65%-75%θ_(f)),moderate water deficit(W2,55%-65%θ_(f)),and severe water deficit(W3,45%-55%θ_(f))were used,and three nitrogen application levels,i.e.,no nitrogen(N0,0 kg/hm^(2)),low nitrogen(N1,150 kg/hm^(2)),medium nitrogen(N2,300 kg/hm^(2)),and high nitrogen(N3,450 kg/hm^(2))were implied.The results showed that irrigation and nitrogen application significantly affected plant height,stem diameter,and crown width of wolfberry at different growth stages(P<0.01),and their maximum values were observed in W1N2,W0N2,and W1N3 treatments.Dry weight per plant and yield of wolfberry first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application under the same water treatment.Dry weight per hundred grains and dry weight percentage increased with increasing nitrogen application under W0 treatment.However,under other water treatments,the values first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application.Yield and its component of wolfberry first increased and then decreased as water deficit increased under the same nitrogen treatment.Irrigation water use efficiency(IWUE,8.46 kg/(hm^(2)·mm)),WUE(6.83 kg/(hm^(2)·mm)),partial factor productivity of nitrogen(PFPN,2.56 kg/kg),and NUE(14.29 kg/kg)reached their highest values in W2N2,W1N2,W1N2,and W1N1 treatments.Results of principal component analysis(PCA)showe

关键词： water deficit growth characteristics yield water and nitrogen use efficiency principal component analysis

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浙江省中小学教育质量监测的迭代发展:从健康体检走向实践指导

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华东师范大学学报（教育科学版） 2024年第1期42卷 99-113页

作者：陈荣荣张丰浙江省教育厅教研室杭州310012

本文报告了浙江省教育质量监测从“专业支持”到“自主监测”的迭代发展历程,体现出了浙江省教育质量监测从“健康体检”走向“实践指导”的价值导向。文章从构建“学生发展+成长环境”的评价指标框架、基础指标+自主观测点的设计依据... 详细信息

本文报告了浙江省教育质量监测从“专业支持”到“自主监测”的迭代发展历程,体现出了浙江省教育质量监测从“健康体检”走向“实践指导”的价值导向。文章从构建“学生发展+成长环境”的评价指标框架、基础指标+自主观测点的设计依据这两个方面介绍浙江教育质量监测指标体系的系统设计;从组合分析、模型构建、专题深入和国际比较四个方面介绍浙江在专题分析方面的创新思路;从揭示学生成长机制、聚焦学习品质及影响机制、透视学业负担的实质、推动学校教学管理转型、改善家庭“软环境”五个方面阐述浙江教育质量监测的结论、发现及相关实践指导,体现了浙江教育质量监测的实践透视能力、基层发展立场与实践指导取向。

关键词：教育质量监测指标设计数据分析实践指导

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微环境波动对冰温气调贮藏蓝莓品质的影响

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中国食品学报 2024年第1期24卷 220-231页

作者：李洋唐蓉蓉李庆鹏冯鑫东北林业大学哈尔滨150040

为探究冰温气调状态下微环境波动(即温度波动、气体环境波动、温度气调双波动)后蓝莓品质的变化规律,以“蓝丰”蓝莓为试材,预冷处理后分别放入不同的冰温(-2℃和-1℃)气调(CO_(2):10%~14%;O_(2):6%~9%)环境贮藏7 d,分析蓝莓果实的最佳... 详细信息

为探究冰温气调状态下微环境波动(即温度波动、气体环境波动、温度气调双波动)后蓝莓品质的变化规律,以“蓝丰”蓝莓为试材,预冷处理后分别放入不同的冰温(-2℃和-1℃)气调(CO_(2):10%~14%;O_(2):6%~9%)环境贮藏7 d,分析蓝莓果实的最佳贮藏环境状态。在此基础上,设计3组微环境波动试验,即温度波动、气调波动、温度和气调双波动,分别波动1~6 d,每次波动结束后采取相应措施进行贮藏,测定1~7 d各试验组蓝莓果实的硬度、内聚性、可滴定酸含量、花青素含量、丙二醛含量。结果表明,试验组的保鲜效果更好。微环境波动试验中,蓝莓的最佳贮藏时间1 d。“蓝丰”蓝莓果实的最佳冰温气调环境为-1℃(CO_(2):10%~12%;O_(2):6%~9%),蓝莓果实品质与波动时长呈负相关,采用降温/降氧/双降手段虽有一定效果,但不能使蓝莓果实品质恢复至冰温气调组的最佳状态。

关键词：冰温气调微环境波动响应面分析蓝莓贮藏

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Graphene-Gold Nanoparticle-modified Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Kanamycin Based on Target-induced Aptamer Displacement

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2018年第6期34卷 952-958页

作者： ZHENG Jingyi feng rongrong HE Caimei LI Xiaoxia School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yah'an University Yah'an 716000 P. R. China

A highly sensitive and selective label-free electrochemical sensor was developed for the determination of kanamycin. To improve the sensitivity of the electrochemical sensor, graphene-gold nanoparticles were prepared by a one-step electrochemical coreduction process and were modified on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. The double-stranded DNA（ds-DNA） duplex probe was immobilized onto the graphene-gold nanoparticle-modified elec-trode. The introduction of target kanamycin induced the displacement of aptamer from the ds-DNA duplex into the solution. Methylene blue（MB） as a redox indicator monitored the current change using differential pulse voltammetry Under optimal conditions, the designed electrochemical aptasensor exhibited a wide linear range from 0. i pmol/L to 10 pmol/L with a detection limit of 0.03 pmol/L for kanamycin. The experimental strategy enabled the direct analysis of milk samples, and the results showed high sensitivity and good selectivity.

关键词： kanamycin Electrochemical aptasensor Graphene Gold nanoparticle Methylene blue

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中华人民共和国成立初期中国共产党宣传方式研探--以天津基层宣传特色实践为例

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黑河学院学报 2024年第7期15卷 5-8,30页

作者：师林冯荣荣天津美术学院马克思主义学院天津300141 天津美术学院科研与研究生处天津300141

中华人民共和国成立初期,天津开展宣传工作时充分挖掘地方特色,宣传方式呈现出多样化的特点:如通过报纸、布告、广播、直播、标语、墙报等常规宣传方式进行信息传播,通过座谈会、讨论会、树立典型、展览会、讨论会、诉苦会、示威游行等... 详细信息

中华人民共和国成立初期,天津开展宣传工作时充分挖掘地方特色,宣传方式呈现出多样化的特点:如通过报纸、布告、广播、直播、标语、墙报等常规宣传方式进行信息传播,通过座谈会、讨论会、树立典型、展览会、讨论会、诉苦会、示威游行等双向互动方式有效发动群众,通过天津相声、话剧、杨柳青年画等本土特色激活天津文艺宣传优势。天津在中华人民共和国成立初期宣传方式的实践经验,为新时代宣传思想文化工作的开展提供启示。

关键词：中国共产党宣传工作天津宣传方式天津宣传实践中华人民共和国成立初期

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Printability and hardening performance of three-dimensionally-printed geopolymer based on lunar regolith simulant for automated construction of lunar infrastructure

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 1535-1553页

作者： feng LI rongrong ZHANG Siqi ZHOU Xingyi ZHU School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Using an in situ lunar regolith as a construction material in combination with 3D printing not only reduces the weight of materials carried from the Earth but also improves the automation of lunar infrastructure construction.This study aims to improve the printability of a geopolymer based on a BH-1 lunar regolith simulant,including the extrudability,open time,and buildability,by controlling the temperature and adding admixtures.Rheological parameters were used to represent printability with different water-to-binder ratios,printing temperatures,and contents of additives.The mechanical properties of the hardening geopolymer with different filling paths and loading directions were tested.The results show that heating the printed filaments with a water-to-binder ratio of 0.32 at 80°C can adjust the printability without adding any additive,which can reduce the construction cost of lunar infrastructure.The printability of the BH-1 geopolymer can also be improved by adding 0.3%Attagel-50 and 0.5%polypropylene fiber by mass at a temperature of 20℃to cope with the changeable environmental conditions on the Moon.After curing under a simulated lunar environment,the 72-h flexural and compressive strengths of the geopolymer specimens reach 4.1 and 48.1 MPa,respectively,which are promising considering that the acceleration of gravity on the Moon is 1/6 of that on the Earth.

关键词： geopolymer lunar regolith simulant 3D printing rheology printability

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小儿热速清口服液联合头孢噻肟治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床研究

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现代药物与临床 2024年第4期39卷 957-961页

作者：武梦骅姜荣荣冯丹丹时澄铜陵市妇幼保健院儿科安徽铜陵244000

目的探讨小儿热速清口服液联合头孢噻肟治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2022年12月铜陵市妇幼保健院收治的84例急性上呼吸道感染患儿,按随机数字表法将所有患儿分为对照组和治疗组,每组各42例。对照组静脉滴... 详细信息

目的探讨小儿热速清口服液联合头孢噻肟治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2022年12月铜陵市妇幼保健院收治的84例急性上呼吸道感染患儿,按随机数字表法将所有患儿分为对照组和治疗组,每组各42例。对照组静脉滴注注射用头孢噻肟,50mg/kg加入0.9%氯化钠注射液100mL中,2次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上口服小儿热速清口服液,1≤患儿年龄<3岁者10mL/次,3≤患儿年龄<7岁者15mL/次,7≤患儿年龄<12岁者20mL/次,3次/d。两组疗程均为4d。观察两组解热效果及临床症状消失时间,比较治疗前后两组全血淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值(LMR)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平及血清降钙素原(PCT)水平。结果治疗后,治疗组总有效率为95.24%,显著高于对照组的80.95%(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组体温恢复时间和解热起效时间均显著短于对照组,治疗组即刻退热率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组患者鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽、咽痛的消失时间均显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组全血LMR水平均显著上升,而全血NLR、hs-CRP和血清PCT水平均显著下降(P<0.05);且治疗后,治疗组全血LMR、NLR、hs-CRP和血清PCT水平改善优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论小儿热速清口服液联合头孢噻肟治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染具有较好的临床疗效,能有效缩短患儿症状体征的恢复时间,使机体炎症状态受到抑制,且安全性较佳,值得临床推广应用。

关键词：小儿热速清口服液注射用头孢噻肟钠急性上呼吸道感染临床症状消失时间全血淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值超敏C反应蛋白

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Emissive metallacages for biomedical applications

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中国科学:化学英文版 2023年第9期66卷 2447-2459页

作者： Qian feng rongrong Li Tingting Gao Dake Chu Mingming Zhang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061China

Owing to their appealing three-dimensional structures and tunable photophysical properties, emissive metallacages have been widely applied in recognition and sensing, adsorption and separation, catalysis, etc. Recently, the application of emissive metallacages in biomedical fields has emerged as a hot research topic, because multiple biological functionalities can be facilely integrated into metallacage-based platforms to deliver different functions. In this review, the applications of emissive metallacages in bio-imaging, delivery and cancer theranostics are systematically summarized. The dilemmas and challenges of metallacage-based biomedical materials are also raised at the end of this review. We hope this review would provide some guidance for the construction of novel emissive metallacages with biological functions, and further advance the development of emissive metallacages as biomedical materials.

关键词： emissive metallacages host-guest complexation bioimaging delivery cancer theranostics

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我国核电运行与退役产生放射性废物回顾与发展

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核安全 2024年第3期23卷 45-50页

作者：谢荣荣李峰朱杰王洪祖国防科工局核技术支持中心北京100071

本文在统计分析国内现有核电放射性废物数据的基础上,结合国外情况,分析估算了近远期我国核电运行和退役产生的放射性废物总量、放射性水平及废物类型等,提出了核电放射性废物管理的相关建议,为核电放射性废物管理提供参考。

关键词：核电放射性废物核电退役

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