A review on the transformation of birnessite in the environment:Implication for the stabilization of heavy metals

作     者：Miao Shi Qingzhu Li Qingwei Wang Xuelei Yan Bensheng Li Linhai Feng Chao Wu Rongrong Qiu Hongkai Zhang Zhihui Yang Weichun Yang Qi Liao Liyuan Chai Miao Shi;Qingzhu Li;Qingwei Wang;Xuelei Yan;Bensheng Li;Linhai Feng;Chao Wu;Rongrong Qiu;Hongkai Zhang;Zhihui Yang;Weichun Yang;Qi Liao;Liyuan Chai

作者机构：School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment ofHeavy Metal PollutionCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Water Pollution Control Technology Key Lab of Hunan ProvinceChangsha 410083China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 (环境科学学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2024年第139卷第5期

页      面：496-515页

核心收录：

学科分类：083002[工学-环境工程] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 07[理学] 08[工学] 09[农学] 0903[农学-农业资源与环境] 0713[理学-生态学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51974379,52274414) the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52121004) the Project of National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of China(No.52022111) the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFD1700101) the Huxiang Youth Talent Support Program(No.2020RC3012) 

主　　题：Birnessite Transformation Heavy metals Pathways Mechanism 

摘      要：Birnessite is ubiquitous in the natural environment where heavy metals are retained and easily *** surface properties and structure of birnessite change with the changes in external environmental conditions,which also affects the fate of heavy *** the effect and mechanism of the birnessite phase transition process on heavy metals is the key to taking effective measures to prevent and control heavy metal ***,the four transformation pathways of birnessite are summarized first in this ***,the relationship between transformation pathways and environmental conditions is *** relevant environmental conditions include abiotic(e.g.,co-existing ions,pH,oxygen pressure,temperature,electric field,light,aging,pressure)and biotic factors(e.g.,microorganisms,biomolecules).The phase transformation is achieved by the key intermediate of Mn(Ⅲ)through interlayer-condensation,folding,neutralizationdisproportionation,and dissolution-recrystallization *** AOS(average oxidation state)of Mn and interlayer spacing are closely correlated with the phase transformation of *** but not least,the mechanisms of heavy metals immobilization in the transformation process of birnessite are summed *** involve isomorphous substitution,redox,complexation,hydration/dehydration,*** transformation of birnessite and its implication on heavy metals will be helpful for understanding and predicting the behavior of heavy metals and the crucial phase of manganese oxides/hydroxides in natural and engineered environments.