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Brain abscess in children,experience of Mashad University

海南医学院学报 2009年第1期15卷 37-39,44页

作者： faraji rad mohammad faraji rad Elnaz Department of Neurosurgery Mashad University of Medical Science MashadIran

Objective:Brain abscesses continue to pose a problem in neurosurgery,and it is a serious life-threatening complication for several *** objective of this research was to look at the clinical profile of children suffering from brain abscess,predisposing conditions,microbiology and outcome of these ***:Ninety children aged less than 15 years were *** clinical presentation,predisposing factors,diagnosis,management and outcome were *** were 56(62.2%)males and 34(37.7%)*** mean age of presentation was 5.7±4.2 ***:The mean duration of illness at the time of presentation was 10.6 ±12.4 *** patients presented with fever,vomiting,headache,neurological deficit,and *** predisposing conditions found were cyanotic congenital heart disease in 18(20 %)of children,meningitis in 6(6.7 %),Otitis or mastoiditis in 32(35.5 %),Head trauma in 6(6.7 %),previous intracranial surgery in 8(8.8 %)and no underlying cause was found in 22(24.4 %)*** most common microbe in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease was of the Streptococcus group(54 %).Computerized tomography confirmed the diagnosis and the most common location of the abscess was the parietal lobe of the cerebral *** abscesses were larger than 2 cm in diameter where aspirated *** was performed for eight *** children expired,two due to intracranial bleeding and the others due to severe cerebral edema and tentorial *** were observed in 11 children out of which six had squeal and five had ***:Attention to hygiene of mouth and teeth in infant and child patients with cyanotic heart disease is very important in prevention of infectious brain *** must also pay attention to ear-nose-throat diseases of *** is very important the patients be examined again after treatment because of finding and treatment of unknown otitis and chronic sinusitis.

关键词：脑溢血氰版照相法心脏病临床分析

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High-resolution two-photon polymerization:the most versatile technique for the fabrication of microneedle arrays

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 1-17页

作者： Zahra faraji rad Philip D.Prewett Graham J.Davies School of Mechanical and Elearical Engineering University of Southern QueenslandSpringfield CentralQLD 4300Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Oxacus Ltd Dorchester-on-Thames 0X107HNUK Faculty of Engineering UNSW AustraliaKensingtonNSW 2052Australia College of Engineering and Physical Sciences School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Microneedle patches have received much interest in the last two decades as drug/vaccine delivery or fluid sampling systems for diagnostic and monitoring *** are manufactured using a variety of additive and subtractive micromanufacturing *** the last decade,much attention has been paid to using additive manufacturing techniques in both research and industry,such as 3D printing,fused deposition modeling,inkjet printing,and two-photon polymerization(2PP),with 2PP being the most flexible method for the fabrication of microneedle arrays.2PP is one of the most versatile and precise additive manufacturing processes,which enables the fabrication of arbitrary three-dimensional(3D)prototypes directly from computer-aided-design(CAD)models with a resolution down to 100 *** to its unprecedented flexibility and high spatial resolution,the use of this technology has been widespread for the fabrication of bio-microdevices and bio-nanodevices such as microneedles and microfluidic *** is a pioneering transformative technology that facilitates the fabrication of complex miniaturized structures that cannot be fabricated with established multistep manufacturing methods such as injection molding,photolithography,and ***,microstructures are designed according to structural and fluid dynamics considerations rather than the manufacturing constraints imposed by methods such as machining or etching *** article presents the fundamentals of 2PP and the recent development of microneedle array fabrication through 2PP as a precise and unique method for the manufacture of microstructures,which may overcome the shortcomings of conventional manufacturing processes.

关键词： resolution needle additive

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High-fidelity replication of thermoplastic microneedles with open microfluidic channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 96-106页

作者： Zahra faraji rad Robert E.Nordon Carl J.Anthony Lynne Bilston Philip D.Prewett Ji-Youn Arns Christoph H.Arns Liangchi Zhang Graham J.Davies Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia School of Mechanical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia School of Petroleum Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Development of microneedles for unskilled and painless collection of blood or drug delivery addresses the quality of healthcare through early intervention at *** with submicron to millimeter features have been fabricated from materials such as metals,silicon,and polymers by subtractive machining or ***,to date,large-scale manufacture of hollow microneedles has been limited by the cost and complexity of microfabrication *** paper reports a novel manufacturing method that may overcome the complexity of hollow microneedle *** microneedles with open microfluidic channels are fabricated by laser *** replicas are manufactured from these templates by soft-embossing with high fidelity at submicron *** manufacturing advantages are(a)direct printing from computeraided design(CAD)drawing without the constraints imposed by subtractive machining or etching processes,(b)high-fidelity replication of prototype geometries with multiple reuses of elastomeric molds,(c)shorter manufacturing time compared to three-dimensional stereolithography,and(d)integration of microneedles with open-channel *** work will address development of open-channel microfluidics for drug delivery,fluid sampling and analysis.

关键词： drug delivery laser lithography microneedles point-of-care diagnostics soft embossing

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