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阿特拉津对斑马鱼的综合内分泌干扰效应

环境化学 2024年第8期43卷 2581-2588页

作者：章诗涵杨方星浙江大学环境与资源学院环境健康研究所杭州310058

阿特拉津是一种广泛使用的除草剂,同时也是一种内分泌干扰物,在环境水体中被频繁检出,然而目前还缺乏有关阿特拉津对鱼类内分泌干扰效应的全面了解.本文研究了环境相关浓度暴露下阿特拉津对斑马鱼幼鱼不同内分泌激素系统中_(2)_(2)种激... 详细信息

阿特拉津是一种广泛使用的除草剂,同时也是一种内分泌干扰物,在环境水体中被频繁检出,然而目前还缺乏有关阿特拉津对鱼类内分泌干扰效应的全面了解.本文研究了环境相关浓度暴露下阿特拉津对斑马鱼幼鱼不同内分泌激素系统中_(2)_(2)种激素的影响,并在激素水平、内分泌激素系统水平、综合内分泌干扰指数水平进行了分析.结果表明,阿特拉津暴露能够引起斑马鱼体内11-脱氧皮质醇(11DF)、皮质酮(COR)、醛固酮(ALDO)、雌酮(E_(1))、雌二醇(E_(2))、雄烯二酮(AD)、睾酮(T)、雄酮(ADT)、褪黑素(MT)、甲状腺素(T4)、前列腺素D_(2)(PGD_(2))、前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))、前列腺素F1α(PGF1α)、血栓素B_(2)(TXB_(2))的含量升高,和导致孕酮(P)、孕烯醇酮(PREG)、17α羟基孕酮(OHP)的含量降低.在3个暴露浓度(1、10、100μg·L^(−1))中,低浓度的阿特拉津对斑马鱼性激素系统、甲状腺激素系统、松果体激素系统和内分泌细胞激素系统的干扰作用更加明显,同时也具有更强的综合内分泌干扰效应.

关键词：阿特拉津激素综合内分泌干扰环境相关浓度斑马鱼.

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House dust mite allergens and nitrated products: Identification and risk assessment in indoor dust

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 198-204页

作者： Fan Xu Jingyi Tian fangxing yang Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationCollege of Natural Resources and Environmental ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Air pollutants can potentially lead to nitration of allergic proteins,thus promoting sensitization of these ***,little is currently known about the nitration status of house dust mite(HDM)*** identified the occurrence of nitrated products of two major HDM allergens Der f 1 and Der p 1 in dust samples collected from college dormitories in eastern China and assessed their associated health *** results showed that both non-nitrated and nitrated forms of the two allergens were detected in the dust in the range of non-detected(ND)-10.6,1.44-15.4,ND-22.4,ND-7.28μg/g for non-nitrated Der f 1,nitrated Der f 1,non-nitrated Der p 1 and nitrated Der p 1,*** median rates of nitration were determined as 74.0%for Der f 1 and 20.4% for Der p 1 at consideration of one nitration *** analysis reveals that the levels of HDM allergens and their nitrated products were found to be generally higher during winter,in dormitories of lower altitude and with female ***,the calculated risk indexes were at considerably high *** findings suggest that nitrated HDM allergens have already accumulated in the environment at such significant levels and their associated health risk calls for our immediate attention.

关键词： Allergen Air pollution Health risk House dust mite(HDM) Nitration

Determination of Four Chiral Pesticides in Soil by QuEChERS-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2018年第5期23卷 369-375页

作者： YAO Xiaoshan yang fangxing LIU Weiping JIN Shiwei College of Chemistry and Materials Science South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 Hubei China College of Environmental & Resource Sciences ZhejiangUniversity Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang China

The enantiomer residues of metalaxyl, napropamide, triticonazole and metconazole were detected in soil by Qu EChERS-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC-MS/MS）. The soil sample was extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid and purified using Qu ECh ERS method. Quantitative analysis for the enantiomers of these four chiral pesticides was performed in MS in multi-response monitoring（MRM） mode by external standard method. All enantiomers showed good linearity in the range of 0.5 to 50 μg/L. The average recoveries of enantiomers in soil were 81.74% to 105.79% with relative standard deviations（RSDs） from 3.69% to 7.86%. The method quantitative limit（MQL） was 5.3-30.3 ng/kg. The method can be used for rapid screening and determination of chiral pesticides in soil.

关键词： ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandemmass spectrometry QuEChERS soil chiral pesticide enantiomersresidues

Adaptation of Ocular Opponency Neurons Mediates Attention-Induced Ocular Dominance Plasticity

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 339-349页

作者： fangxing Song Lili Lyu Min Bao CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Institute of Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China

Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one *** ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this *** direct neural evidence is still *** manipulating the contrast of dichoptic testing gratings,here we measured the steady-state visually evoked potentials(SSVEPs)at the intermodulation frequencies to selectively track the activities of ocular-opponency-neurons before and after the“dichoptic-backward-movie”*** hour of adaptation caused a shift of perceptual and neural ocular dominance towards the unattended *** importantly,we found a decrease in the intermodulation SSVEP response after adaptation,which was significantly greater when high-contrast gratings were presented to the attended eye than when they were presented to the unattended *** results strongly support the view that the adaptation of ocular-opponency-neurons contributes to the ocular dominance plasticity induced by prolonged eye-based attention.

关键词： Attention Ocular dominance Opponency neuron Adaptation Steady-state visually evoked potential

Anthropogenic Influence on Decadal Changes in Concurrent Hot and Dry Events over China around the Mid-1990s

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 233-246页

作者： Qin SU Buwen DONG fangxing TIAN Nicholas P.KLINGAMAN Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Great Mekong Subregion Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Centre for Atmospheric Science Department of MeteorologyUniversity of ReadingReadingRG66BBUK Geofysisk Institut University of BergenBergen 5007Norway Citadel Investment Group Moor House120 London WallLondonRG66BBUK

The frequency and duration of observed concurrent hot and dry events(HDEs) over China during the growing season(April–September) exhibit significant decadal changes across the mid-1990s. These changes are characterized by increases in HDE frequency and duration over most of China, with relatively large increases over southeastern China(SEC), northern China(NC), and northeastern China(NEC). The frequency of HDEs averaged over China in the present day(PD,1994–2011) is double that in the early period(EP, 1964–81);the duration of HDEs increases by 60%. Climate experiments with the Met Office Unified Model(MetUM-GOML2) are used to estimate the contributions of anthropogenic forcing to HDE decadal changes over China. Anthropogenic forcing changes can explain 60%–70% of the observed decadal changes,suggesting an important anthropogenic influence on HDE changes over China across the mid-1990s. Single-forcing experiments indicate that the increase in greenhouse gas(GHG) concentrations dominates the simulated decadal changes,increasing the frequency and duration of HDEs throughout China. The change in anthropogenic aerosol(AA) emissions significantly decreases the frequency and duration of HDEs over SEC and NC, but the magnitude of the decrease is much smaller than the increase induced by GHGs. The changes in HDEs in response to anthropogenic forcing are mainly due to the response of climatological mean surface air temperatures. The contributions from changes in variability and changes in climatological mean soil moisture and evapotranspiration are relatively small. The physical processes associated with the response of HDEs to GHG and AA changes are also revealed.

关键词： concurrent hot and dry events decadal variation greenhouse gases aerosol emissions

Multi-Period Resilient Model for VSC-Based AC-DC HDS Considering Public-Safety Power Shutoff to Mitigate Wildfires

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 821-833页

作者： Zekai Wang Tao Ding Xiaosheng Zhang Chenggang Mu Pengwei Du fangxing Li School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Electric Reliability Council of Texas AustinTX76574 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of TennesseeKnoxville(UTK)TN37996USA

This paper proposes a voltage source converter (VSC) -based AC-DC hybrid distribution system (HDS) resilient model to mitigate power outages caused by wildfires. Before a wildfire happens, the public-safety power shutoff (PSPS) strategy is applied to actively cut some vulnerable lines which may easily cause wildfires, and reinforce some lines that are connected to critical loads. To mitigate load shedding caused by active line disconnection in the PSPS strategy, network reconfiguration is applied before the wildfire occurrence. During the restoration period, repair crews (RCs) repair faulted lines, and network reconfiguration is also taken into consideration in the recovery strategy to pick up critical loads. Since there exists possible errors in the wildfire prediction, several different scenarios of wildfire occurrence have been taken into consideration, leading to the proposition of a stochastic multi-period resilient model for the VSC-based AC-DC HDS. To accelerate the computational performance, a progressive hedging algorithm has been applied to solve the stochastic model which can be written as a mixed-integer linear program. The proposed model is verified on a 106-bus AC-DC HDS under wildfire conditions, and the result shows the proposed model not only can improve the system resilience but also accelerate computational speed.

关键词： AC-DC hybrid distribution system restoration network reconfiguration progressive hedging public safety power shutoffs strategy resilience

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尘螨过敏原蛋白及其硝化产物的鉴别

环境化学 2021年第7期40卷 1969-1977页

作者：徐帆杨方星浙江大学环境与资源学院环境健康研究所污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室杭州310058 浙江大学空气污染与健康研究中心杭州310058

过敏原蛋白是引发尘螨过敏性疾病的主要因素。空气污染物O3和NOX能够引起过敏原蛋白的硝化,从而增强其致敏性。然而,目前还缺乏尘螨过敏原蛋白硝化产物的准确定量方法。本文建立了一种能够同时测定环境中两种主要尘螨过敏原蛋白(Der f 1... 详细信息

过敏原蛋白是引发尘螨过敏性疾病的主要因素。空气污染物O3和NOX能够引起过敏原蛋白的硝化,从而增强其致敏性。然而,目前还缺乏尘螨过敏原蛋白硝化产物的准确定量方法。本文建立了一种能够同时测定环境中两种主要尘螨过敏原蛋白(Der f 1和Der p 1)及其硝化产物(Nitrated Der f 1和Nitrated Der p 1)的检测方法。该方法将样品中的过敏原蛋白酶解消化成小分子的多肽,通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定小分子多肽,从而对过敏原蛋白及其硝化产物进行定性和定量分析。该方法采用同位素内标法定量,方法检测限(MDL)为0.33µg·g^(−1)(Der p 1)—0.57µg·g^(−1)(Nitrated Der p 1),相对回收率在43.0%—80.0%之间,方法选择性好,准确度和分析通量高。利用该方法对办公室灰尘中的尘螨过敏原蛋白及其硝化产物进行分析,结果表明所测灰尘样本中Der f 1含量为0.84—1.36µg·g^(−1),Nitrated Der f 1含量为3.71—35.6µg·g^(−1),Der p 1含量为10.3—30.0µg·g^(−1),Nitrated Der p 1含量为2.16—8.54µg·g^(−1)。Der f 1硝化率为80%—96%,Der p 1硝化率为14%—43%。风险评估结果显示所测灰尘样本的风险指数(RI)值为9—38,均处于高风险水平。

关键词：尘螨过敏原蛋白硝化空气污染液相色谱-串联质谱风险

不同钛含量的陶瓷前驱体聚钛硅氮烷的制备与性能

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高分子材料科学与工程 2022年第7期38卷 23-30页

作者：杨方兴崔秀琪滕雅娣沈阳化工大学理学院有机硅化学研究室辽宁沈阳110142

采用硅氮烷低聚物(OSZ)与TiCl_(4)反应,设计Si:Ti的摩尔比分别为5:1,10:1,15:1,20:1和25:1,合成并分离出一系列聚钛硅氮烷(PTiSZ-x,x=5~25),利用马尔文粒度仪测得其重均分子量(M_(W))为(1.51~9.97)×10~4。利用波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪... 详细信息

采用硅氮烷低聚物(OSZ)与TiCl_(4)反应,设计Si:Ti的摩尔比分别为5:1,10:1,15:1,20:1和25:1,合成并分离出一系列聚钛硅氮烷(PTiSZ-x,x=5~25),利用马尔文粒度仪测得其重均分子量(M_(W))为(1.51~9.97)×10~4。利用波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪测得聚钛硅氮烷的实际钛质量分数为2.34%~7.48%。钛比例高或低的PTiSZ相对分子质量都较小,而钛比例适中的PTiSZ相对分子质量则较大。采用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对PTiSZ-x进行结构表征,推测出聚钛硅氮烷的结构式为钛原子在低聚物分子间形成钛桥将低聚小分子连接成为线型大分子。PTiSZ-x为线型结构,可溶解于正己烷、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、二甲苯、丙酮等常用有机溶剂。通过热重分析对系列PTiSZ-x及OSZ的耐热性能进行测试,PTiSZ-x的陶瓷收率为71%~78%,发现其相对分子质量影响不大,说明热处理期间形成了新的交联;而OSZ的陶瓷收率为56%,与其低分子量相对应。

关键词：陶瓷前驱体聚钛硅氮烷 SiTiCN陶瓷钛元素含量

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手性杀菌剂在有机蔬菜中的残留特征

环境化学 2019年第12期38卷 2700-2708页

作者：孙彦杨方星浙江大学环境与资源学院环境健康研究所

本文建立了基于QuEChER-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析有机蔬菜中联苯三唑醇、苯霜灵、己唑醇、戊唑醇、粉唑醇、三唑酮、腈菌唑、甲霜灵和多效唑等9种手性杀菌剂的分析方法,该方法定量限为6.4—270.3 ng·kg^-1鲜重(fw),相对回收率为77... 详细信息

本文建立了基于QuEChER-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析有机蔬菜中联苯三唑醇、苯霜灵、己唑醇、戊唑醇、粉唑醇、三唑酮、腈菌唑、甲霜灵和多效唑等9种手性杀菌剂的分析方法,该方法定量限为6.4—270.3 ng·kg^-1鲜重(fw),相对回收率为77.1%—110.3%.随后运用该方法对有机番茄、苦瓜、黄瓜和胡萝卜等4种有机蔬菜中的手性杀菌剂残留及其对映体特征进行了分析.研究结果显示,9种杀菌剂中,联苯三唑醇未检出,甲霜灵残留量最高,中值为4.9μg·kg^-1 fw,有机黄瓜中的甲霜灵残留量(1.1—1.4 mg·kg^-1 fw)超标(中国食品安全国家标准,最大残留限量0.5 mg·kg^-1 fw).在4种有机蔬菜中,胡萝卜和黄瓜检测出的手性杀菌剂种类最多,且黄瓜的手性杀菌剂残留总量最高,达1.1—1.4 mg·kg^-1 fw,主要为甲霜灵.不同蔬菜种类的杀菌剂残留有明显差异,但有机蔬菜的杀菌剂残留远低于常规蔬菜.手性杀菌剂对映体的残留与蔬菜种类有关.

关键词：手性杀菌剂有机蔬菜对映体 QuEChERS UPLC-MS /MS