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Impact of atmospheric circulations on droughts and drought propagation over China

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2633-2648页

作者： Ziye GU Lei GU Jiabo YIN Wei fang Lihua XIONG jun GUO Ziyue ZENG jun XIA School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan 430072China Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan 430010China

The GRACE satellite mission provides a new approach for monitoring,tracking,and assessing drought conditions by detecting changes in Earth's gravitational fields and inversing signals of terrestrial water storage *** studies of terrestrial water storage anomalies related droughts paid rare attention to the behind atmospheric physical mechanisms,nor quantified the risk propagation patterns between terrestrial water storage deficits and hydrological or agricultural *** this study,we first extract terrestrial water storage(TWS) droughts,hydrological droughts,and agricultural droughts by using multiple variables including TWS from the GRACE/GRACE-FO satellites,runoff and soil moisture from the ERA5-Land reanalysis *** then identify key atmospheric and oceanic oscillation indices affecting water deficits by employing machine learning *** characterize the joint distributions between drought duration and severity by using the Copula function and quantify the risk propagation of hydrological and agricultural droughts to TWS *** results show that:(1) From 2002 to 2021,there is a significant decrasing trend of TWS in China;the WPIO group atmospheric circulation indices(sea surface temperature index within the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean) contributes the most to ***,the sea surface temperature anomalies within the NINO 3.4 region as well as the Western Pacific Warm Pool area index show significantly positive correlation relationships with TWS in southern China;(2) The northwestern China,the Yangtze River basin,and the downstream of the Pearl River basin are the hotspots of TWS ***,the hotspots of hydrological droughts locate in northwestern China and the hotspots of agricultural droughts locate in South China and eastern Tibetan Plateau;(3) The elastic coefficients of hydrological droughts propagating to TWS droughts are higher than those of agricultural droughts,indicating that the TWS droughts

关键词： GRACE satellites Drought Drought propagation Atmospheric circulation Copula function

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Five-year analysis of isolated pathogens and antibiotic resistance of ocular infections from two large tertiary comprehensive hospitals in east China

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第9期17卷 1707-1716页

作者： Pan-Pan Li Li Li jun-fang Zhang Bai Qin Li-hua Kang Min Ji huai-Jin Guan Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou 215123Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Nantong City No.1 People’s Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To analyze the spectrum of isolated pathogens and antibiotic resistance for ocular infections within 5y at two tertiary hospitals in east ***:Ocular specimen data were collected from January 2019 to October *** pathogen spectrum and positive culture rate for different infection location,such as keratitis,endophthalmitis,and periocular infections,along with antibiotic resistance were ***:We included 2727 specimens,including 827(30.33%)positive cultures.A total of 871 strains were isolated,530(60.85%)bacterial and 341(39.15%)fungal strains were ***-positive cocci(GPC)were the most common ocular *** most common bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus epidermidis(25.03%),Staphylococcus aureus(7.46%),Streptococcus pneumoniae(4.59%),Corynebacterium macginleyi(3.44%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(3.33%).The most common fungal genera were Fusarium spp.(12.74%),Aspergillus spp.(6.54%),and Scedosporium spp.(5.74%).Staphylococcus epidermidis strains showed more than 50%resistance to *** pneumoniae and Corynebacterium macginleyi showed more than 90%resistance to *** percentage of bacteria showing multidrug resistance(MDR)significantly decreased(χ^(2)=17.44,P=0.002).CONCLUSION:GPC are the most common ocular *** macginleyi,as the fourth common bacterium,may currently be the local microbiological feature of east *** *** the most common *** than 50%of the GPC are resistant to fluoroquinolones,penicillins,and ***,the proportion of MDR strains has been reduced over time.

关键词： ocular infections bacteria fungus antibiotic resistance multidrug resistance

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Cuproptosis mediates copper-induced testicular spermatogenic cell death

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 295-301页

作者： Jing-Yi Zhang Xu-jun Yu jun-jun Li Yao Xiao Guang-Sen Li fang Yang Liang Dong Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137China Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital The Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611130China TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610072China Department of Surgery The Reproductive and Women-Children HospitalChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610041China

Cuproptosis,a novel mechanism of programmed cell death,has not been fully explored in the context of spermatogenic *** investigated the potential involvement of cuproptosis in spermatogenic cell death using a mouse model of copper *** male Institute of Cancer Research(ICR)mice were randomly divided into four groups that received daily oral gavage withsodium chloride(control)or copper sulfate(CuSO_(4))at 50 mg kg^(−1),100 mg kg^(−1),or 200 mg kg^(−1),for 42 consecutive *** to copper overload exhibited a disruption in copper ***,significant upregulated expression of keycuproptosis factors was accompanied by a significant rise in the rates of testicular tissue cell *** revealed the presence of ferredoxin 1(Fdx1)in Sertoli cells,Leydig cells,and spermatogenic cells at various stages oftesticular development,and the Fdx1-positive staining area was significantly increased in copper-overloaded *** and decreased adenosine triphosphate levels were also observed,further implicating mitochondrial damage *** analyses revealed pathological lesions and blood−testis barrier destruction in the testicular tissue,accompaniedby decreased sperm concentration and motility,in copper-overloaded *** summary,our results indicate that copper-overloadedmice exhibit copper homeostasis disorder in the testicular tissue and that cuproptosis participates in spermatogenic cell *** findings provide novel insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying spermatogenic cell death and provide initialexperimental evidence for the occurrence of cuproptosis in the testis.

关键词： blood−testis barrier cuproptosis ferredoxin 1 spermatogenic cell death

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Laser manufacturing of spatial resolution approaching quantum limit

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 421-428页

作者： Xiao-Jie Wang Hong-hua fang Zhen-Ze Li Dan Wang Hong-Bo Sun State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun 130012China

Atomic and close-to-atom scale manufacturing is a promising avenue toward single-photon emitters,single-electron transistors,single-atom memory,and quantum-bit devices for future communication,computation,and sensing *** manufacturing is outstanding to this end for ease of beam manipulation,batch production,and no requirement for *** is,however,suffering from optical diffraction ***,we report a spatial resolution improved to the quantum limit by exploiting a threshold tracing and lock-in method,whereby the two-order gap between atomic point defect complexes and optical diffraction limit is surpassed,and a feature size of<5 nm is *** underlying physics is that the uncertainty of local atom thermal motion dominates electron excitation,rather than the power density slope of the incident *** show that the colour centre yield in hexagonal boron nitride is transformed from stochastic to deterministic,and the emission from individual sites becomes polychromatic to *** a result,single colour centres in the regular array are deterministically created with a unity yield and high positional accuracy,serving as a step forward for integrated quantum technological applications.

关键词： quantum limit resolution

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在洋山港应用斜顶桩板桩承台结构的体会

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水运工程 2008年第10期 104-108页

作者：方君华中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司上海200032

通过对斜顶桩板桩承台结构在洋山港一期～三期工程的地质条件、结构设计和施工过程不同情况的对比分析,得到在不同边界条件下的斜顶桩板桩承台结构水平变位特点,提出斜顶桩板桩承台结构的设计和施工控制体会,进一步指导后续工程应用。

关键词：洋山深水港斜顶桩板桩承台应用体会

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Deformation mechanism and limit support pressure of cutting steel plate during connection between pipes in large spacing using pipe curtain structure method

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Underground Space 2024年第5期18卷 83-96页

作者： Xiang Liu Rui Zhang jun huang Guang Zhao Qian fang Annan Jiang Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China JSTI Group Nanjing 210017China Key Laboratory for Urban Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

The pipe curtain structure method(PSM)is a novel construction method to control ground deformation *** with the traditional pipe-roofing and pipe jacking method,the connection between pipes in large spacings using PSM is widely acknowledged as a unique construction *** study on this connection procedure is needed to resolve similar cases in that the pipes are inevitably constructed on both sides of existing *** the steel plate during the connection procedure is the first step,which is crucial to control the safety and stability of the surrounding environment and existing *** deformation mechanism and limit support pressure of the cutting steel plate during the connection between pipes in large spacings are studied in this paper,relying on the undercrossing Yifeng gate tower project of Jianning West Road River Crossing Channel in Nanjing,China.A modified 3D wedge-prism failure model is proposed using the 3D discrete element *** with Terzaghi loose earth pressure theory and the limit equilibrium theory,the analytical solutions for the limit support pressure of the excavation face of the cutting steel plate are *** modified 3D wedge-prism failure model and corresponding analytical solutions are categorised into two cases:(a)unilateral cutting scheme,and(b)bilateral cutting *** analytical solutions for the two cases are verified from the numerical simulation and in-situ data and compared with the previous *** comparative analysis between the unilateral and bilateral cutting schemes indicates that the bilateral cutting scheme can be adopted as a *** bilateral cutting scheme saves more time and induces less ground deformation than the unilateral one due to the resistance generated from the superimposed *** addition,the parametric sensitivity analysis is carried out using an orthogonal experimental *** main influencing factors arranged from high to low are the pipe sp

关键词： Pipe curtain structure method Wedge-prism failure model Limit support pressure Discrete element method Connection between pipes

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SO_(2)-Insertion induced enantioselective oxysulfonylation to access β-chiral sulfones with quaternary carbon stereocenters

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 908-913页

作者： jun Zhang Xuefeng Wang Peiqi Wang Jiayuan fang Shaoyu Li Jie Wu School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering&Institute for Advanced Studies Taizhou UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of Chemistry Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China

β-Chiral sulfones are structural motifs widely found in natural products and bioactive molecules, while also serving as important intermediates for the synthesis of valuable chiral scaffolds. In contrast to the rapid growth of sulfur dioxide insertion chemistry over the last decade, enantioselective catalytic variants for accessing β-chiral sulfones, especially those bearing a quaternary carbon stereocenter, remain rare. Herein, we report an enantioselective copper/bisoxazoline catalyzed oxysulfonylation of alkenes to yield isoxazolinyl-containing β-chiral sulfones bearing quaternary carbon stereocenters with moderate to excellent yields and up to 96:4 er. The advantage and irreplaceability of this sulfur dioxide insertion catalytic system have been demonstrated by achieving transformations clearly unavailable with the previously reported sulfonyl chloride system. Additionally,the recoverability of the new-developed bisoxazoline ligand L9 and its reusability without any erosion of the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity further demonstrate the usefulness of the protocol.

关键词： β-chiral sulfones sulfur dioxide insertion oxysulfonylation copper catalysis enantioselectivity

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进气中CO_2浓度对预混合燃烧和排放影响的试验和模拟研究

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工程热物理学报 2005年第4期26卷 709-712页

作者：方俊华黄震乔信起上海交通大学内燃机研究所上海200030

本文研究了进气中CO2浓度对燃烧和排放特性的影响.研究表明在所有的预混合燃料比下,当CO2浓度增加时,NOx排放随之大幅减少,烟度排放有小的变化。利用KIVA3V和湍流与化学反应交互的燃烧模型对柴油机预混合燃烧进行了模拟研究,对缸内OH浓... 详细信息

本文研究了进气中CO2浓度对燃烧和排放特性的影响.研究表明在所有的预混合燃料比下,当CO2浓度增加时,NOx排放随之大幅减少,烟度排放有小的变化。利用KIVA3V和湍流与化学反应交互的燃烧模型对柴油机预混合燃烧进行了模拟研究,对缸内OH浓度的模拟计算表明,随着CO2浓度的增加,着火前期OH生成浓度明显向后推移,这表明燃料的氧化速率随CO2浓度的增加变慢,从而延长了着火滞燃期。进气中CO2浓度变大时,燃烧温度降低,有利于降低NOx的排放。

关键词：柴油机预混合燃烧排放模拟

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Insights into postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome after COVID-19 in pediatric patients

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 201-207页

作者： Ya-Xi Cui jun-Bao Du Hong-fang Jin Department of Pediatrics Peking University First HospitalNo.1 Xi-an Men StreetWest DistrictBeijing 100034China State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China

The pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)profoundly threatened human health globally and greatly impacted the world economy[1].While most patients recovered,some suff... 详细信息

关键词： acute patients tachycardia

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Clinical heterogeneity and five phenotypes identified in pediatric Behçet’s syndrome: a cohort study from Shanghai Behçet’s syndrome database

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第8期20卷 801-808页

作者： Dan Hu Chun-Hui She hua-fang Bao jun Zou Jian-Fei Cai Jing‑Fen Ye Yan Shen Hai‑Fen Ma Dan Luo Jian-Long Guan Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University221 Yan’an West Road200040ShanghaiChina

Objectives Behçet’s syndrome(BS)is a rare disease of unknown etiology,with limited reports especially in pediatric *** clinical characteristics and phenotypes of pediatric BS as a highly heterogeneous variable vessel vasculitis were investigated in this *** A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare clinical variables and descriptive characteristics of BS by age of onset and *** analysis was then performed to identify the phenotypes of pediatric *** A total of 2082 BS patients were included in this study,1834 adults and 248 *** with adult-onset BS,pediatric BS had a higher incidence of folliculitis[relative risks(RR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)1.3(1.0–1.5)],uveitis of the left eye[RR and 95%CI 2.3(1.0–5.0)],intestinal ulcer complications[RR and 95%CI 2.1(1.1–4.2)],pericarditis[RR and 95%CI 2.5(1.0–6.2)],and psychiatric disorders[RR and 95%CI 2.8(1.0–7.9)],while the incidence of thrombocytopenia was lower[RR 0.2(0.1–1.0)].Among pediatric BS,females had more genital ulcers,while males were more likely to have skin lesions,panuveitis,vascular involvement,venous lesions,cardiac involvement,and aortic *** analysis classified pediatric BS into five clusters(C1–C5):C1(n=61,24.6%)showed gastrointestinal(GI)involvement;C2(n=44,17.7%)was the central nervous system(CNS)type where 23 cases overlapped joint involvement;in C3(n=35,14.1%),all patients presented with arthritis or arthralgia;all patients in C4(n=29,11.7%)manifested ocular involvement,with a few patients overlapping with GI involvement or joint damage;C5(n=79,31.9%)was the mucocutaneous type,presenting both oral ulcers,genital ulcers,and skin *** The clinical features of pediatric and adult BS differ *** and female pediatric BS also have a distinct *** phenotypes including GI,CNS,joint,ocular,and mucocutaneous types were identified for pediatric BS.

关键词： Behget's syndrome Clinical manifestation Cluster analysis-Pediatric Phenotype

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