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Stable Stationary Harmonic Maps to Spheres

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第2期22卷 319-330页

作者： fang hua lin Chang You WANG Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University Department of Mathematics Univrsity of Kentucky

For k ≥ 3, we establish new estimate on Hausdorff dimensions of the singular set of stable-stationary harmonic maps to the sphere S^k. We show that the singular set of stable-stationary harmonic maps from B5 to 83 is the union of finitely many isolated singular points and finitely many HSlder continuous curves. We also discuss the minimization problem among continuous maps from B^n to S^2.

关键词： stable stationary harmonic map Hausdorff dimension rectifiablity

Global Solutions of the Evolutionary Faddeev Model with Small Initial Data

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第2期27卷 309-328页

作者： Zhen LEI fang hua lin Yi ZHOU School of Mathematical Sciences LMNS and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Contemporary Applied Mathematics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China Courant Institute of Mathematics New York University NY 10012 USA

We consider the Cauchy problem for evolutionary Faddeev model corresponding to maps from the Minkowski space R^1＋n to the unit sphere S2, which obey a system of non-linear wave equations. The nonlinearity enjoys the null structure and contains semi-linear terms, quasi-linear terms and unknowns themselves. We prove that the Cauchy problem is globally well-posed for sufficiently small initial data in Sobolev space.

关键词： Faddeev model global existence quasi-linear wave equations semi-linear wave equations

TRPC6 Knockout Alleviates Renal Fibrosis through PI3K/AKT/GSK3B Pathway

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 589-602页

作者： An-bang SUN fang-hua LI lin ZHU Xi-xi ZENG Min ZHU Qing-hua LEI Yan-hong LIAO Department of Anatomy School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Transfusion Medicine Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China Department of Thoracic Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China National Basic Medical Teaching Demonstration Center Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of Ministry of Education Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective Renal fibrosis is the ultimate pathway of various forms of acute and chronic kidney damage.Notably,the knockout of transient receptor potential channel 6(TRPC6)has shown promise in alleviating renal fibrosis.However,the regulatory impact of TRPC6 on renal fibrosis remains unclear.Methods In vivo,TRPC6 knockout(TRPC6−/−)mice and age-matched 129 SvEv(WT)mice underwent unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion(uIR)injury surgery on the left renal pedicle or sham operation.Kidneys and serum were collected on days 7,14,21,and 28 after euthanasia.In vitro,primary tubular epithelial cells(PTECs)were isolated from TRPC6−/−and WT mice,followed by treatment with transforming growth factorβ1(TGFβ1)for 72 h.The anti-fibrotic effect of TRPC6−/−and the underlying mechanisms were assessed through hematoxylin-eosin staining,Masson staining,immunostaining,qRT-PCR,and Western blotting.Results Increased TRPC6 expression was observed in uIR mice and PTECs treated with TGFβ1.TRPC6−/−alleviated renal fibrosis by reducing the expression of fibrotic markers(Col-1,α-SMA,and vimentin),as well as decreasing the apoptosis and inflammation of PTECs during fibrotic progression both in vivo and in vitro.Additionally,we found that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK3β)signaling pathway,a pivotal player in renal fibrosis,was down-regulated following TRPC6 deletion.Conclusion These results suggest that the ablation of TRPC6 may mitigate renal fibrosis by inhibiting the apoptosis and inflammation of PTECs through down-regulation of the PI3K/AKT/GSK3βpathway.Targeting TRPC6 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing chronic kidney disease.

关键词： transient receptor potential channel 6 ischemia-reperfusion injury renal fibrosis renal tubular epithelial cells

Effects of maternal methyl donor intake during pregnancy on ileum methylation and function in an intrauterine growth restriction pig model

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1173-1189页

作者： Yan lin Jiangnan Wu Yong Zhuo Bin Feng Zhengfeng fang Shengyu Xu Jian Li hua Zhao De Wu Lun hua Lianqiang Che Key Laboratory of Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition Animal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Background Intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)affects intestinal growth,morphology,and function,which leads to poor growth performance and high mortality.The present study explored whether maternal dietary methyl donor(MET)supplementation alleviates IUGR and enhances offspring’s growth performance by improving intestinal growth,function,and DNA methylation of the ileum in a porcine IUGR model.Methods Forty multiparous sows were allocated to the control or MET diet groups from mating until delivery.After farrowing,8 pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight piglets from 8 litters were selected for sampling before suckling colostrum.Results The results showed that maternal MET supplementation tended to decrease the IUGR incidence and increased the average weaning weight of piglets.Moreover,maternal MET supplementation significantly reduced the plasma concentrations of isoleucine,cysteine,urea,and total amino acids in sows and newborn pig-lets.It also increased lactase and sucrase activity in the jejunum of newborn piglets.MET addition resulted in lower ileal methionine synthase activity and increased betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity in the ileum of newborn piglets.DNA methylation analysis of the ileum showed that MET supplementation increased the methyla-tion level of DNA CpG sites in the ileum of newborn piglets.Down-regulated differentially methylated genes were enriched in folic acid binding,insulin receptor signaling pathway,and endothelial cell proliferation.In contrast,up-regulated methylated genes were enriched in growth hormone receptor signaling pathway and nitric oxide biosyn-thetic process.Conclusions Maternal MET supplementation can reduce the incidence of IUGR and increase the weaning litter weight of piglets,which may be associated with better intestinal function and methylation status.

关键词： Ileum Intrauterine growth restriction Methyl donor Methylation Sows

Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 325-339页

作者： Tong Tong Yi-hua Jin Min Wang fang-Qi Gong Department of Cardiology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNo.3333 Binsheng RoadHangzhou 310052China

Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C),a relatively uncommon but severe pediatric complication,is associated with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).A variety of treatment approaches,including intravenous immunoglobulins(IVIGs),glucocorticoids(GCs)and biologic agents,such as anakinra and infliximab,have been described for the management of COVID-19-related MIS-C.Anticoagulant therapy is also important.However,a well-developed treatment system has not been established,and many issues remain controversial.Several recently published articles related to the treatment of MIS-C have been released.Hence,in this review,we identified relevant articles published recently and summarized the treatment of MIS-C more comprehensively and systematically.Data sources We reviewed the literature on the treatment of MIS-C through 20 September 2023.The PubMed/Medline,Web of Science,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library databases were searched with the combination of the terms"multisystem inflammatory syndrome","MIS-C","PIMS-TS","therapy","treatment","drug","IVIG","GCs","intravenous immunoglobulin","corticosteroids","biological agent",and"aspirin".Results The severity of MIS-C varies,and different treatment schemes should be used according to the specific condition.Ongoing research and data collection are vital to better understand the pathophysiology and optimal management of MIS-C.Conclusions MIS-Cis a disease involving multiple systems and has great heterogeneity.With the accumulation of additional experience,we have garnered fresh insights into its treatment strategies.However,there remains a critical need for greater standardization in treatment protocols,alongside the pressing necessity for more robust and meticulously conducted studies to deepen our understanding of these protocols.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019-Corticosteroids Intravenous immunoglobulin Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children-Treatment

Laser manufacturing of spatial resolution approaching quantum limit

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 421-428页

作者： Xiao-Jie Wang Hong-hua fang Zhen-Ze Li Dan Wang Hong-Bo Sun State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun 130012China

Atomic and close-to-atom scale manufacturing is a promising avenue toward single-photon emitters,single-electron transistors,single-atom memory,and quantum-bit devices for future communication,computation,and sensing applications.Laser manufacturing is outstanding to this end for ease of beam manipulation,batch production,and no requirement for photomasks.It is,however,suffering from optical diffraction limits.Herein,we report a spatial resolution improved to the quantum limit by exploiting a threshold tracing and lock-in method,whereby the two-order gap between atomic point defect complexes and optical diffraction limit is surpassed,and a feature size of<5 nm is realized.The underlying physics is that the uncertainty of local atom thermal motion dominates electron excitation,rather than the power density slope of the incident laser.We show that the colour centre yield in hexagonal boron nitride is transformed from stochastic to deterministic,and the emission from individual sites becomes polychromatic to monochromatic.As a result,single colour centres in the regular array are deterministically created with a unity yield and high positional accuracy,serving as a step forward for integrated quantum technological applications.

关键词： quantum limit resolution

Defects in phospholipase C zeta cause polyspermy and low fertilization after conventional IVF:not just ICSI failure

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 175-182页

作者： Jian-fang Che Hui-Xia Wu Si-Cong Zeng Yue-Ren Wu Jing Dai De-hua Cheng Fei Gong Guang-Xiu Lu Ge lin Can Dai School of Medicine Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410013China Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya Changsha 410008China Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province Changsha 410078China National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell Changsha 410205China

Phospholipase C zeta(PLC)is a key sperm-borne oocyte-activating factor that triggers Ca^(2+)oscillations and the subsequent block to polyspermy following gamete fusion.Mutations in PLCZ1,the gene encoding PLCζ,cause male infertility and intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)fertilization failure;and PLCζ expression and localization patterns are significantly correlated with ICSI fertilization rate(FR).However,in conventional in vitro fertilization(cIVF),whether and how sperm PLCζ affects fertilization remain unclear.Herein,we identified one previously reported and two novel PLCZ1 mutations associated with polyspermy in vitro that are characterized by excessive sperm-zona binding and a delay in pronuclei(PN)formation.Immunofluorescence staining and oocyte activation testing revealed that virtually all spermatozoa from patients lacked functional PLCζ and were thus unable to evoke Ca^(2+) oscillations.ICSI with an artificial oocyte activation treatment successfully rescued the polyspermic phenotype and resulted in a live birth.Furthermore,we analyzed PLCζ in an additional 58 males after cIVF treatment in the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CiTiC-Xiangya(Changsha,China)between February 2019 and January 2022.We found that the proportion of spermatozoa that expressed PLCζ was positively correlated with both 2PN rate and total FR.The optimal cutoff value below which males were likely to experience low FR(total FR≤30%)after clVF was 56.7%for the proportion of spermatozoa expressing PLC5.Our study expands the mutation and the phenotypic spectrum of PLCZ1 and further suggests that PLCζ constitutes a promising biomarker for identifying low FRs cases in cIVF due to sperm-related oocyte activation deficiency and that sperm PLCζ analysis may benefit the widermale population and not onlymen with IcsI failure.

关键词： conventional IVF gene variants PLCζ polyspermy

Babao Dan Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression in vivo Through Multiple Signaling Pathways

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 14-21页

作者： Hai-Xia Shang Yi fang Bin Guan Jian-hua Guan Jun Peng Jin-Yan Zhao Jiu-Mao lin Institute of Oncology of Academy of Integrative Medicine Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine of Fujian Province University Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina Innovation and Transformation Center Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina Xiamen Traditional Chinese Medicine Co. Ltd.XiamenFujianChina

Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the effects of Babao dan(BBD),a traditional Chinese medicine,on gastric cancer(GC)progression in vivo.Materials and Methods:A subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of GC was established using MGC80-3 cells.The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP:2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate-biotin nick-end labeling method was adopted to detect cell apoptosis in vivo.The expression levels of proteins associated with proliferation,apoptosis,and angiogenesis were measured by immunohistochemical staining or western blotting(WB).The activation and protein levels of p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),p-p38,p-extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2,p-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),and p-STAT3 were examined by Bio-plex and WB.Results:BBD significantly inhibited tumor growth in GC mouse models with no adverse effect on body weight or organ function.It was also found that BBD significantly suppressed the proliferation of GC tumor cells,induced the apoptosis of tumor cells,and inhibited angiogenesis through inactivating with mitogen-activated protein kinase,NF-κB,and STAT3 pathways.Conclusions:BBD exerts suppressive effects on GC tumor growth by regulating multiple pathways in vivo,which may provide a novel treatment option for GC therapy.

关键词： Babao dan gastric cancer multiple signaling pathways proliferation traditional Chinese medicine

Design of Protograph LDPC-Coded MIMO-VLC Systems with Generalized Spatial Modulation

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 118-136页

作者： Dai lin fang Yi Guan Yongliang Mohsen Guizani School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 51006China The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Department of Machine Learning Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence(MBZUAI)Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the bit-interleaved coded generalized spatial modulation(BICGSM) with iterative decoding(BICGSM-ID) for multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) visible light communications(VLC). In the BICGSM-ID scheme, the information bits conveyed by the signal-domain(SiD) symbols and the spatial-domain(SpD) light emitting diode(LED)-index patterns are coded by a protograph low-density parity-check(P-LDPC) code. Specifically, we propose a signal-domain symbol expanding and re-allocating(SSER) method for constructing a type of novel generalized spatial modulation(GSM) constellations, referred to as SSERGSM constellations, so as to boost the performance of the BICGSM-ID MIMO-VLC systems.Moreover, by applying a modified PEXIT(MPEXIT) algorithm, we further design a family of rate-compatible P-LDPC codes, referred to as enhanced accumulate-repeat-accumulate(EARA) codes,which possess both excellent decoding thresholds and linear-minimum-distance-growth property. Both analysis and simulation results illustrate that the proposed SSERGSM constellations and P-LDPC codes can remarkably improve the convergence and decoding performance of MIMO-VLC systems. Therefore, the proposed P-LDPC-coded SSERGSM-mapped BICGSMID configuration is envisioned as a promising transmission solution to satisfy the high-throughput requirement of MIMO-VLC applications.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation generalized spatial modulation multiple-input multipleoutput protograph LDPC codes visible light communication