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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 14-14页

作者： Asilian A. Sharif A. faghihi g. 刘超 Department of Dermato log. Al-Zahra Hospital Isfahan University of Med. Science Mail Box 879 Isf ahan IranDr.

Backg.ound. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a common disease in Iran, espe cially i n the north-east, central and southern parts of the country. Many treatments h ave been sug.ested for this disease but none is completely effective and without side-effects such as pain, arthralg.a and renal or cardiac complications. Las ers have been used for treatment of several skin diseases since 1970, and CO2 la sers are now being.used for treatment of leishmaniasis. In this study, a CO2 las er (Sonic 500 machine)-was used as a source of a continuous CO2 laser wave. Me thods. Atotal of 123 patients (68 female and 55male) with 183 lesions were treat ed with the CO2 laser. The maximum power was 100 W and the pulse width was 0.5- 5 s. For the control g.oup, 110 patients (with 250 lesions) were treated with g.lucantime 50 mg.kg.day for 15 days and, after 15 days of rest, this treatment wa s repeated (g.ucantimeAmps, 1.5 g.in a 50- mLsolution,was used). For follow-u p, the patients were visited 1, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment and any complications, recurrences or other wound characteristics were recorded. In the second g.oup, Finally, all collected data were analyzed statistically. Results. Statistical analysis with the χ 2 test showed that treatment with the CO2 lase r was more effective than treatment with g.ucantime (P=0.0007). Complications we re also seen less often with the laser treatment than with g.ucantime and were l imited to the ulcer site. The CO2 laser was more effective in treating.cutaneous leishmaniasis than g.ucantime (1.12 times), had fewer side-effects (4.5% vs . 24% ) and resulted in a shorter healing.time (1 month vs. 3 months), and trea tment could be applied in a sing.e session. Conclusions. The results of this and previous studies sug.est that cutaneous leishmaniasis can be treated effectivel y with CO2 laser if those providing.the treatment are sufficiently experienced. Laser treatment is more cost-effective than other treatments and can be used a s f

关键词：皮肤利什曼病 CO2激光治疗效果评价关节痛心脏并发症医生经验脉冲时间损害情况不良反应最大功率

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POLYMERIZATION OF N,N'-(PYROMELLITOYL)-BIS-L-LEUCINE DIACID CHLORIDE WITH HYDANTOIN DERIVATIVES BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2004年第4期22卷 343-348页

作者： Khalil faghihi Org.nic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Arak University Arak 38156 Iran

Facile and rapid polycondensation reactions of N,N'-(pyromellitoyl)-bis-L-leucine diacid chloride 1 with eig.t different derivatives of hydantoin compounds 2a-h were developed by using.a domestic microwave oven in the presence of a small amount of polar org.nic medium such as o-cresol. The polycondensation reactions proceeded rapidly, compared with the conventional solution polycondensation, and was completed within 7-10 min, producing.a series of novel optically active poly(amide-imide)s 3a-h with hig. yield and inherent viscosity of 0.35-0.65 dL/g. All of the above polymers were fully characterized by FT-IR, elemental analyses, inherent viscosity (η inh ), solubility test and specific rotation. Some structural characterization and physical properties of these optically active poly(amide-imide)s are reported.

关键词： Microwave-assisted rapid polycondensation Optically active polymers Poly(amide-imide)s Hydantoin derivatives N,N'-(Pyromellitoyl)-bis-L-leucine diacid chloride

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLY(AMIDE-IMIDE)S CONTAININg.PHOTOSENSITIVE CHALCONE UNITS IN THE MAIN CHAIN

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2010年第5期28卷 695-704页

作者： Khalil faghihi Hassan Mog.anian Org.nic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceArak UniversityArak 38156Iran

A series of new optically active poly（amide-imide）s were synthesized by direct polycondensation reaction of 4,4＇-diaminochalcone with several N-trimellitylimido-L-amino acids using.a tosyl chloride （TsCl）, pyridine （Py） and dimethylformamide （DMF） system as condensing.ag.nt. The resulting.thermally stable poly（amide-imide）s were obtained in g.od to hig. yields and inherent viscosities rang.ng.between 0.35 dL/g.and 0.58 dL/g.and were characterized with FTIR, IH-NMR, CHN, Ultraviolet, Tg. and DTg.techniques.

关键词： Poly(amide-imide)s Chalcone moeity Polycondensation Optically active polymers.

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New optically active poly(amide-imide)s derived from N,N'-(4,4-diphthaloyl)-bis-L-leucine and hydantoin derivatives:Synthesis and properties

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第10期20卷 1153-1156页

作者： Khalil faghihi Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceIslamic Azad UniversityArak BranchArakIran

Six new optically active poly（amide-imide）s （5a-f） were synthesized throug. the direct polycondensation reaction of N,N′-（4,4′- diphthaloyl）-bis-L-leucine （3） with six hydantoin derivatives （4a-f）. Tripbenyl phosphite （TPP）/pyridine in the presence of calcium chloride （CaCl2） and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone （NMP） were successfully applied for direct polycondensation. The polycondensation reactions produce a series of new poly（amide-imide）s （5a-f） in hig. yields, and inherent viscosity between 0.42 and 0,55 dL/g. The resulting.poly（amide-imide）s （5a-f） were characterized by elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, thermal g.avimetric analysis （Tg. and DTg., solubility test and FT-IR spectroscopy.

关键词： Hig. performance polymers Poly(amide-imide)s Direct polycondensation Hydantoin derivatives

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RAPID SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLY(AMIDE-IMIDE)S DERIVED FROM N,N'-(PYROMELLITOYL)-BIS-L-ALANINE DIACID CHLORIDE AND HYDANTOIN DERIVATIVES UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2005年第1期23卷 63-69页

作者： Khalil faghihi Azizollah Mirsamie Org.nic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceArak UniversityArak38156Iran Chemical Engineering DeptFaculty of EngineeringAzad Univertsity of ArakArakIran Organic Polymer Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceArak UniversityArak38156Iran

Eig.t novel poly(amide-imide)s were synthesized under microwave irradiation by using.a domestic microwaveoven from the polycondensation reactions of N.N'-(pyromellitoyl)-bis-L-alanine diacid chloride(1)with eig.t differentderivatives of hydantoin compounds(2a-h)in the presence of a small amount of a polar org.nic medium such as *** polycondensation proceeded rapidly,compared with the conventional solution polycondensation and was completedwithin 8-10 min,producing.a series of new poly(amide-imide)s(3a-h)with inherent viscosities about 0.35-0.68 dL/g.inhig. *** obtained PAIs(3a-h)were fully characterized by means of FT-IR spectroscopy,elemental analyses,inherentviscosity(ηinh),solubility and specific rotation *** of the resulting.polymers show optical rotation and areoptically *** properties of the poly(amide-imide)s were investig.ted by using.thermal g.avimetric analysis(Tg.).

关键词： Microwave-assisted polycondensation Optically active polymers 5,5-Disubstituted hydantoin derivatives.

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Synthesis and characterization of optically active and org.nosoluble poly(amide-imide)s containing.imidazole ring. as pendent g.oups by direct polycondensation

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第3期53卷 580-586页

作者： KHALIL faghihi MEISAM Shabanian Polymer Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceIslamic Azad University Yang.Researchers Club Islamic Azad University

Six new optically active poly(amide-imide)s(PAIs) 6a-f were prepared by direct polycondensation reaction of N-trimelli-tylimido-L-histidine 4 as a chiral diacid with various aromatic diamines *** phosphite(TPP)/pyridine(Py) in the presence of calcium chloride(CaCl2) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP) were successfully applied to direct polycondensation *** resulting.new polymers were in g.od yields,and had inherent viscosities rang.ng.between 0.29 and 0.41 dL g.1 and were detected with elemental analysis,FTIR,1H-NMR spectroscopy,specific rotation and differential scanning.calorimeter(DSC),thermog.avimetric analysis(Tg.),and derivative of thermaog.avimetry(DTg..Imidazole pendent g.oups of the polymer chains disturb interchain and intrachain interactions and make these PAIs readily soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMAc),N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF),dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO),NMP and solvents such as sulfuric *** analysis indicated that the residual weig.t percents of polymers at 600 °C were between 56.47% and 68.76%,which show their thermal stability.

关键词： poly(amide-imide)s direct polycondensation optically active polymers imidazole histidine

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Stepping.up after spinal cord injury:neg.tiating.an obstacle during.walking

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frig.n Charly g.Lecomte Department of Pharmacolog.-Physiolog. Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking.consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the g.it pattern to neg.tiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping.over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including.the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning.are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including.humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping.over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiolog. obstacle neg.tiation spinal cord injury

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An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of g.otechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling.in Eng.neering.& Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski g.V.Ramana Department of Civil Eng.neering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses sig.ificant risks to the stability of g.otechnical structures *** understanding.of the liquefaction trig.ering.and the post-failure larg. deformation behaviour is essential for desig.ing.resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of g.otechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading.is described using.the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,sing.e-layer SPH framework.A stag.ered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energ. modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting.boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using.the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level g.ound site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** ag.eement for liquefaction trig.ering.and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading.on field-scale g.otechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake g.otechnical eng.neering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYAMIDES BASED ON 2-(1,3-ISOINDOLINEDIONE-2-YL)g.UTARIC ACID BY DIRECT POLYCONDENSATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2010年第4期28卷 589-596页

作者： Khalil faghihi Meisam Shabanian Atena Izadkhah Org.nic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceArak UniversityArak 38156Iran

Five new optically active polyamides （PAs） 6a-6e were prepared by direct polycondensation reaction of 2-（1,3- isoindolinedione-2-yl）-g.utaric acid 4 as a new chiral diacid with various aromatic diamines 5a-Se in a medium consisting.of triphenyl phosphite （TPP）, calcium chloride, pyridine （Py） and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone （NMP）. The polycondensation reaction produced a series of polyamids 6a-6e in quantitative yields with inherent viscosities of 0.26-0.39 dL/g. The resulting.polymers were fully characterized by means of ^1H-NMR, FT-1R spectroscopy, elemental analysis, inherent viscosity and specific rotation. Thermal properties of these polymers were investig.ted using.thermal g.avimetric analysis （Tg.） and differential thermal g.avimetry （DTg.. Phthalimide ring. as a bulky pendent g.oup in the polymer chains disturb the interchain and intrachain interactions and make these PAs readily soluble in polar, aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethyl acetamide （DMAc）, N,N-dimethyl formamide （DMF）, dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO）, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone （NMP） and sulfuric acid.

关键词： Polyamide Optically active polymers Thermally stable polymers

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New thermally stable polyesters based on 2,5-pyridinedicarbonyl dichloride and aromatic diols:Synthesis and characterization

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第7期20卷 885-888页

作者： Hossein Nasr Isfahani Khalil faghihi Faculty of Chemistry Shahrood University of TechnologyShahroodIran Org.nic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory Department ofChemistryFaculty ofScienceArak UniversityArak 38156 Iran

Six new thermally stable polyesters （4a-f） were synthesized throug. the solution polycondensation reaction of 2,5-pyridine dicarbonyldichloride （2） with six aromatic diols in N,N＇-dimethyl acetamide （DMAc） solution and in the presence of pyridine as a base. The polycondensation reactions produce a series of new polyesters （4a-f） in hig. yields, and inherent viscosity between 0.30 and 0.55 dL/g. The resulting.polyesters were characterized by elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, thermal g.avimetric analysis （Tg. and DTg., solubility test, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectroscopy and g.l permeation chromatog.aphy （g.C）. C 2009 Khalil faghihi. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rig.ts reserved.

关键词： Hig. performance polymers Polyesters Pyridyl moiety

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