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Integrated futures for Europe’s Mountain Regions: Reconciling Biodiversity Conservation and Human Livelihoods

Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 276-286页

作者： Jonathan Mitchley martin f.Price Joseph Tzanopoulos Imperial College London Wye campus High Street Wye Ashford Kent TN25 5AH UK The Centre for Mountain Studies Perth College UHI Millennium Institute Crieff Road Perth PH1 2NX UK CAER The University of Reading Earley Gate PO Box 237 Reading RG6 6AR UK

Europe＇s mountains cover nearly half of the continent＇s area and are home to one fifth of the European population. Mountain areas are hotspots of biodiversity and agriculture has played a multifunctional role in defining and sustaining mountain biodiversity. Ongoing trends of agricultural decline are having negative impacts on mountain biodiversity. This paper presents results from an interdisciplinary European research project, BioScene, which investigated the relationship between agriculture and biodiversity in six mountain study areas across Europe to provide recommendations for reconciling biodiversity conservation with social and economic activities through an integrated rural development strategy. BioScene used scenario analysis and stakeholder participation as tools for structuring the analysis of alternative mountain futures. Three main BioScene scenarios were evaluated： Business as Usual （BAIT）, Agricultural Liberalisation （Lib）, Managed Change for Biodiversity （MCB）. BioScene brought together ecologists, economists, sociologists and rural geogra- phers, to carry out interdisciplinary analysis of the scenarios： identifying key drivers of change, assessing the biodiversity consequences and evaluating costeffectiveness. BioScene used a sustainability assessment to integrate the research outputs across natural and social science disciplines to assess the broader sustainability of the scenarios in terms of biodiversity, natural resources, rural development, social development, economic development and institutional capacity. The sustainability assessment showed that the MCB scenario was potentially the most sustainable of the three BioScene scenarios. Through the reconciliation of potentially conflicting objectives, such as conservation, economic development and human livelihoods, and with a strong participatory planning approach, the MCB scenario could represent an alternative approach to BaU for sustainable rural development in Europe＇s mountains. BioScene co

关键词： Agriculture interdisciplinary research scenarios stakeholder participation sustainability assessment

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Near-Wall flow in the Blade Cascades Representing Last Rotor Root Sections of Large Output Steam Turbines

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第1期30卷 220-230页

作者： ŠIMURDA David fÜRST Jiří HÁLA Jindřich LUXA martin BOBČÍK Marek NOVÁK Ondřej SYNÁČJaroslav Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18200Czech Republic Dpt.of Technical Mathematics Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringCTU in PraguePrague 12000Czech Republic Doosan Skoda Power Pilsen 30100Czech Republic

This paper investigates the flow past two variants of root section profile cascades for a last stage rotor considering three-dimensional flow structures in the near-wall *** were drawn based on RANS numerical simulations of both variants and on the experimental data obtained by the 3 D traversing in the exit flow field of one of the *** of 3 D structures at two different regimes and its influence on aerodynamic characteristics of the blade cascades was *** distributions of Mach number along the profiles were compared with 2 D optical measurements and its distortion due to the presence of the sidewall was *** interaction between main vortical structures was described and its influence on the loading of the blades,mechanical energy losses and exit flow angle was *** results showed that for a front loaded blade the vortical structures appeared earlier and at a larger extent than for an aft loaded ***,due to different Mach number distribution,contribution of end wall flow to the energy losses was lower in the case of the aft loaded *** influence of the near wall flow on the loading was found to be rather weak while the deviation of the exit flow angle appeared to be comparable for both of the variants.

关键词： turbine blade cascade secondary flow near wall flow supersonic flow CfD experiment

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In vivo subsurface morphological and functional cellular and subcellular imaging of the gastrointestinal tract with confocal mini-microscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第15期13卷 2160-2165页

作者： martin Goetz Beena Memadathil Stefan Biesterfeld Constantin Schneider Sebastian Gregor Peter R Galle Markus f Neurath Ralf Kiesslich Medical Clinic Johannes Gutenberg-Universit(a|¨)t MainzGermany Department of Pathology Johannes Gutenberg-Universit(a|¨)t MainzGermany

AIM： To evaluate a newly developed hand-held confocal probe for in vivo microscopic imaging of the complete gastrointestinal tract in rodents. METHODS： A novel rigid confocal probe （diameter 7 mm） was designed with optical features similar to the flexible endomicroscopy system for use in humans using a 488 nm single line laser for fluorophore excitation, Light emission was detected at 505 to 750 nm. The field of view was 475 μm × 475 μm. Optical slice thickness was 7 μm with a lateral resolution of 0.7 μm. Subsurface serial images at different depths （surface to 250 μm） were generated in real time at 1024 × 1024 pixels （0.8 frames/s） by placing the probe onto the tissue in gentle, stable contact. Tissue specimens were sampled for histopathological correlation.RESULTS： The esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine and meso, liver, pancreas and gall bladder were visualised in vivo at high resolution in n = 48 mice. Real time microscopic imaging with the confocal minimicroscopy probe was easy to achieve. The different staining protocols （fluorescein, acriflavine, fITC-labelled dextran and L. esculentum lectin） each highlighted specific aspects of the tissue, and in vivo imaging correlated excellently with conventional histology. In vivo blood flow monitoring added a functional quality to morphologic imaging.CONCLUSION： Confocal microscopy is feasible in vivo allowing the visualisation of the complete GI tract at high resolution even of subsurface tissue structures. The new confocal probe design evaluated in this study is compatible with laparoscopy and significantly expands the field of possible applications to intra-abdominal organs. It allows immediate testing of new in vivo staining and application options and therefore permits rapid transfer from animal studies to clinical use in patients.

关键词： Confocal microscopy in vivo imaging Endomicroscopy fluorescence

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Probing the architecture of the Mycobacterium marinum arylamine N-acetyltransferase active site

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Protein & Cell 2010年第4期1卷 384-392页

作者： Areej M.Abuhammad Edward D.Lowe Elizabeth fullam martin Noble Elspeth f.Garman Edith Sim Department of Pharmacology University of OxfordMansfield RoadOxford OX13QTUK Department of Biochemistry University of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QUUK

Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection remains an important goal of global TB *** this end,targets that are essential for intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are particularly *** N-acetyltransferase(NAT)represents such a target as it is,along with the enzymes encoded by the associated gene cluster,essential for mycobacterial survival inside macrophages and involved in cholesterol *** is likely to be the fuel for *** inside *** the nat gene and inhibiting the NAT enzyme prevents survival of the microorganism in macrophages and induces cell wall alterations,rendering the mycobacterium sensitive to antibiotics to which it is normally *** date,NAT from ***(MMNAT)is considered the best available model for NAT from ***(TBNAT).The enzyme catalyses the acetylation and propionylation of arylamines and *** is a good acetyl and propionyl acceptor for both MMNAT and *** MMNAT structure has been solved to 2.1Åresolution following crystallisation in the presence of hydralazine and is compared to available NAT *** the mode of ligand binding,features of the binding pocket can be identified,which point to a novel mechanism for the acetylation reaction that results in a 3-methyltriazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine ring compound as product.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium marinum tuberculosis arylamine N-acetyltransferase 3D crystal structure binding pocket

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Predicting fintech Innovation Adoption:the Mediator Role of Social Norms and Attitudes

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financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 932-954页

作者： A.Irimia‑Dieguez f.Velicia‑martin M.Aguayo‑Camacho Department of financial Economy and Operations Management University of SevilleSevilleSpain Department of Business Management and Marketing University of SevilleSevilleSpain

Digital innovation is challenging the traditional way of offering financial services to companies;the so-called fintech phenomenon refers to startups that use the latest technologies to offer innovative financial *** the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB)and the Theory of Reasoned Action(TRA),the primary purpose of this paper is to develop a causal-predictive analysis of the relationship between Subjective Norms,Attitudes,and Perceived Behavioral Control with the Intention to Use and Behavioral Use of the fintech services by *** Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling methodology was used with data collected from a survey of 300 *** findings support the TRA and TPB models and confirm their robustness in predicting companies’intention and use of fintech *** technology innovators must understand the processes involved in users’adoption to design sound strategies that increase the viability of their *** the antecedents of behavioral intention to adopt fintech services can greatly help understand the pace of adoption,allowing these players to attract and retain customers *** study contributes to the literature by formulating and validating TPB to predict fintech adoption,and its findings provide useful information for banks and fintech companies and lead to an improvement in organizational performance management in formulating marketing strategies.

关键词： fintech services Theory of planned behavior Theory of reasoned action PLS-SEM Predictive modeling fintech marketing

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Abnormal psychology / martin E. P. Seligman, Elaine f. Walker, David L. Rosenhan. 4th ed.

Abnormal psychology / Martin E. P. Seligman, Elaine F. Walke...

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2001年

作者： martin E. P. Seligman Elaine f. Walker David L. Rosenhan.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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外科在急性胰腺炎治疗中的作用

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临床消化病杂志 1989年第2期1卷 84-85页

作者： G.P.MARZOLI P.L.CATALANO S.CEMIN f.martin 白植军

关于急性胰腺炎的治疗方法在欧洲与美国已有所改变,目前的看法仍然是倾向于在良好设备的重症监护机构中以保守治疗为基础。另一方面,关键还在于胃肠病学专家和外科医生与重症监护专家的尽力协作。急性脂腺炎不仅是胰腺的疾病,而且是全... 详细信息

关于急性胰腺炎的治疗方法在欧洲与美国已有所改变,目前的看法仍然是倾向于在良好设备的重症监护机构中以保守治疗为基础。另一方面,关键还在于胃肠病学专家和外科医生与重症监护专家的尽力协作。急性脂腺炎不仅是胰腺的疾病,而且是全身的复杂反应。该病的最初损害取决于心脏循环、肺及肾脏系统的受累程度。有学者研究分析心脏循环系统受累及的程度,证实了重症监护的重要性。应用氧耗指数（O2CI）。

关键词：重症监护胰腺炎治疗外科医生受累程度氧耗复杂反应心功能外科处理胰腺手术早期死亡率

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Spatial symmetries in nonlocal multipolar metasurfaces

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Advanced Photonics 2023年第4期5卷 9-22页

作者： Karim Achouri Ville Tiukuvaara Olivier J.f.martin Institute of Electrical and Microengineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneNanophotonics and Metrology LaboratoryLausanneSwitzerland

We propose a framework that connects the spatial symmetries of a metasurface to its material parameter tensors and its scattering *** provides a simple and universal way to effortlessly determine the properties of a metasurface scattering response,such as chirality or asymmetric transmission,and which of its effective material parameters should be taken into account in the prospect of a homogenization *** contrast to existing techniques,this approach does not require any a priori knowledge of group theory or complicated numerical simulation schemes,hence making it fast,easy to use and *** working principle consists in recursively solving symmetry-invariance conditions that apply to dipolar and quadrupolar material parameters,which include nonlocal interactions,as well as the metasurface scattering *** overall process thus only requires listing the spatial symmetries of the *** the proposed framework,we demonstrate the existence of multipolar extrinsic chirality,which is a form of chiral response that is achieved in geometrically achiral structures sensitive to field gradients,even at normal incidence.

关键词： spatial symmetries metamaterials bianisotropy multipoles chirality

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LEAD ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS Of CENOZOIC BASALTS fROM EASTERN CHINA:GEOGRAPHICAL CONTROL AND GENETIC SIGNIfICANCE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第24期34卷 2055-2060页

作者：解广轰涂勘王俊文张明 martin f.J.fLOWER Institute of Geochemistry Academia Sinica Guiyang 550002 PRC. Department of Geological Sciences University of Illinois Chicago Illinois 60680 USA Institute of Geochemistry Academia Sinica Guiyang 550002 PRC.Department of Geological Sciences University of Illinois Chicago Illinois 60680 USA

Cenozoic basalts, widespread in eastern China constitute an important part of the volcanic belt at Circum-Pacific continental margins. In recent years, one of the major objectives of isotope geochemical studies of basalts is to explore spatial relationships between magmatic sources and tectonic settings. In this note, we report new Pb isotopic results for basalts from Wudalianchi, Changbaishan, Kuandian, Hannuaba, Datong, Hainan and the South

关键词： Pb isotope basalt mantle source.

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Time-expanded phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第3期10卷 443-454页

作者： Miguel Soriano-Amat Hugo f.martins Vicente Duran Luis Costa Sonia martin-Lopez Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez Maria R.fernandez-Ruiz Departamento de Electronica Universidad de AlcalaEscuela Politecnica Superior28805 MadridSpain Instituto deóptica"Daza de Valdes" IO-CSICC/Serrano 12128006 MadridSpain GROC-UJI Institute of New Imaging TechnologiesUniversity Jaume112071 CastellonSpain

Phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry(CDOTDR)is a well-established technique that provides spatiotemporal measurements of an environmental variable in real *** unique capability is being leveraged in an everincreasing number of applications,from energy transportation or civil security to *** date,a wide number of different approaches have been implemented,providing a plethora of options in terms of performance(resolution,acquisition bandwidth,sensitivity or range).However,to achieve high spatial resolutions,detection bandwidths in the GHz range are typically required,substantially increasing the system cost and ***,we present a novel OOTDR approach that allows a customized time expansion of the received optical ***,the presented technique reaches cm-scale spatial resolutions over t km while requiring a remarkably low detection bandwidth in the MHz *** approach relies on the use of dual-comb spectrometry to interrogate the fibre and sample the backscattered *** phase-spectral coding is applied to the employed combs to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensing scheme.A comparison of the proposed method with alternative approaches aimed at similar operation features is provided,along with a thorough analysis of the new *** results demonstrate a radically novel high-resolution OOTDR scheme,which could promote new applications in metrology,borehole monitoring or aerospace.

关键词： optical phase expanded

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