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SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY 2024年第1期9卷 1-2页

作者： Matthees, Edda S. f. Hof.mann, Carsten Univ Klinikum Jena Inst Mol Zellbiol CMB Ctr Mol Biomed Hans Knoll Str 2 D-07745 Jena Germany f.iedrich Schiller Univ Jena Hans Knoll Str 2 D-07745 Jena Germany

In a recent paper published in Nature,the relatively understudied Ca^(2+)-sensing,receptor(CasR)within the Gprotein-coupled receptor(GPCR)f.mily C,gained attention due to pioneering research led by Georgios Skiniotis ... 详细信息

关键词： Stanf.rd gained Skin

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transf.r Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： f.Momo TEMGOUA L.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies Laboratory(EETL) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of.Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of.the interaction between solar radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is f.rmalized by the radiative transf.r equation(RTE), whose resolution calls f.r two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of.the RTE with the development of.the phase f.nction and the intensity into a third-order series of.Legendre polynomials. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of.the intensity and the phase f.nction, allows in the conditions of.a plane parallel atmosphere a new mathematical f.rmulation of.γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Delta f.nction and Modif.ed Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with ref.rence to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work also determines the conversion f.nction of.the proposed New Method using the f.ndamental def.nition of.two-stream approximation(f.TSA) developed in a previous work. Notably,New Method has generally better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision f.r wide domains of.the zenith angle μ 0, but tends to deviate f.om the Disort method with the zenith angle, especially f.r high values of.optical thickness. In spite of.this divergence in ref.ectance f.r high values of.optical thickness, very strong correlation with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained f.r most cases of.optical thickness in this study. An analysis of.the Legendre polynomial series f.r simple f.nctions shows that the high precision is due to the f.ct that the approximated f.nctions ameliorate the accuracy when the order of.approximation increases, although it has been proven that there is a limit order depending on the f.nction f.om which the precision is lost. This observation indicates that increasing the order of.app

关键词： Radiative Transf.r Equation two-stream method Legendre polynomial optical thickness moments of.specif.c intensity conversion f.nction transmittance ref.ectance

The Importance of.Posterior Tibial Slope in TKR: Pre and Post-Operative Measurements in United States Osteoarthritic Patients

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Open Journal of.Orthopedics 2024年第8期14卷 374-379页

作者： f.ederick f. Buechel Sr f.ederick f. Buechel Jr Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Newark USA Lenox Hill Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery New York USA

Background: Sagittal plane placement of.the tibial component in total knee replacement (TKR) has important implications f.r maximizing the range of.f.exion motion, allowing collateral ligaments to f.nction more normally, as well as providing ideal compressive loading on the tibial bone-prosthesis interf.ce. This study attempts to quantif. the normal posterior tibial slope (PTS) angle pre-operatively and post-operatively in osteoarthritic patients af.er using a conventional extramedullary tibial resection guide to assess its ef.ectiveness. Methods: f.rty-nine primary cementless total knee replacements in 34 osteoarthritic patients were measured radiographically pre-operatively and one year post-operatively to determine the PTS and its ef.ect on range of.motion. Lateral X-rays, using the anterior cortical line of.the tibia, were employed f.r all measurements. Results: Pre-operative PTS measured 11.83˚ (range 5˚ - 18˚), while post-operative PTS of.implanted tibial components measured 11.30o (range 4˚ - 18˚). The pre-operative range of.motion of.112˚ (range 30˚ to 135˚) was improved to 119˚ (range 90˚ to 135˚) post-operatively af.er 1 year. Conclusions: Anterior tibial shaf. ref.rencing using a conventional extramedullary tibial resection guide provides an easy and convenient method f.r reproducing the anatomical PTS during TKR. This methodology provided improvement in average range of.motion f.om 112˚ pre-operatively to 119˚ post-operatively at one year.

关键词： Posterior Tibial Slope Posterior Tibial Inclination Extramedullary Tibial Resection Guide Total Knee Alignment

Clinical studies in COVID-related olf.ctory disorders:Review of.an institutional experience

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World Journal of.Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 129-136页

作者： Theresa Tharakan Dorina Kallogjeri Jay f.Piccirillo Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Outcomes Research OfficeSchool of MedicineWashington University in St LouisSt LouisMissouriUSA

Objective:To share a single institutional experience with clinical research on COVID-related olf.ctory dysf.nction(OD).Data Source/Method:Narrative review of.published original data and ongoing clinical trials on COVID-related OD at Washington University f.om 2020 to ***:There were three new diagnostic-/patient-reported outcome measures developed and *** report f.ve clinical trials of.interventions f.r COVID-related olf.ctory disorders:combined Visual-Olf.ctory Training(VOLT)with patient-pref.rred scents versus standard olf.ctory training(VOLT trial),oral gabapentin versus placebo(Gabapentin f.r the Relief.of.Acquired Chemosensory Experience trial),nasal theophylline irrigations versus placebo(Smell Changes and Ef.icacy of.Nasal Theophylline trial),stellate ganglion block(single-arm),and mindf.lness-based stress reduction(MBSR)versus lif.style intervention(MBSR trial).Conclusions:Initial intervention trials f.r COVID-related OD have shown potential f.r improving subjective and objective olf.ctory ***,there remains no gold standard treatment that def.nitively outperf.rms placebo in controlled ***,continued investigation of.novel therapeutic strategies f.r COVID-related OD is necessary to maximize olf.ctory outcomes f.r af.ected patients.

关键词： chemosensory disorders COVID olf.ctory dysf.nction

Genetic characteristics of.H1N1 inf.uenza virus outbreak in China in early 2023

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VIROLOGICA SINICA 2024年第3期39卷 520-523页

作者： Li, Xuanxuan Dong, Zef.ng Li, Jiaming Dou, Chuanran Tian, Deyu Ma, Zhenghai Liu, Wenjun Gao, George f. Bi, Yuhai Xinjiang Univ Coll Life Sci & Technol Urumqi 830046 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci CAS TWAS Ctr Excellence Emerging Infect Dis CEEID CAS Key Lab Pathogen Microbiol & Immunol Ctr Influenza Res & Early Warning CASCIREInst Mic Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ DH Chen Sch Universal Hlth Hangzhou 310058 Peoples R China Suzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Suzhou 215004 Peoples R China Laf.yette Coll Easton PA 18042 USA

Inf.uenza A virus (IAV) exhibits rapid mutability and antigenic *** the 20~(th) century,IAV has caused at least f.ur pandemics (Yang et al.,2022).Presently,seasonal H3N2 and H1N1 are the prevailing human-adaptive IAV subvariants responsible f.r human *** implementation of.public health interventions since the commencement of.the COVID-19 pandemic has ef.ectively curtailed global inf.uenza circulation (Olsen et al.,2021).f.llowing the downregulation of.the prevention and control strategies against COVID-19,global inf.uenza activity is showing a recovery.

关键词： inf.uenza prevention H1N1

f.eding ecology and interactions with mammal hosts in a symbiotic genus of.birds ( Buphagus spp.) in Namibia

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AviaN RESEARCH 2024年第3期15卷 336-344页

作者： Lukubwe, Michael S. Velarde-Garcez, Daniel Sequeira, f.rnando Lopes, Susana Craig, Adrian J. f. K. Mata, Vanessa A. Rhodes Univ Dept Zool & Entomol Makhanda South Africa Univ Namibia Dept Wildlife Management & Tourism Studies Katima Mulilo Campus Windhoek Namibia Univ Porto Fac Ciencias Dept Biol Porto Portugal Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet InBIO Lab Associado CIBIO Campus Vairao Vairao Portugal CIBIO BIOPOLIS Program Genom Biodivers & Land Planning Campus Vairao Vairao Portugal

As the sole obligate symbiotic birds in Af.ica, oxpeckers of.er a unique model f.r studying symbiotic relationships. Due to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent f.raging behavior they exhibit, the type of.symbiotic relationship can be variable. In addition to providing a cleaning service to the host by removing ticks, oxpeckers f.equently f.ed on blood, mucus, and saliva, inf.icting potential damage on the host. Here, we used DNA metabarcoding on f.ecal samples to analyze the taxonomic composition of.the trophic interactions of.the Yellow-billed Oxpecker ( Buphagus af.icanus) ) and Red-billed Oxpecker (B. B . erythrorhynchus) ) in northeastern Namibia. In contrast to conventional methods, DNA metabarcoding allows f.r a detailed identif.cation of.dietary resources encompassing both mammal hosts and consumed arthropods within the same samples. With this inf.rmation, we examined dif.erences in the diet composition between oxpecker species and localities, as well as the co-occurrence between host and arthropod species. Our f.ndings revealed that oxpeckers predominantly source their diet f.om mammals, ticks, and f.ies; however, ticks and f.ies rarely co-occur in the diet of.an individual. We observed variability among individuals in their f.eding ecology, which is strongly correlated with locality and, to a lesser extent, with the mammal host. We noted a high degree of.mobility between hosts within relatively short periods, with 32% of.the samples showing traces of.at least two mammal hosts. This study illustrates the dynamic f.raging behavior of.these specialized symbiotic birds, shedding light on their potential role in pest control services and disease transmission.

关键词： Commensalism Diet DNA metabarcoding Oxpeckers Parasitism Trophic ecology RED-BILLED OXPECKER NATIONAL-PARK PREf.RENCES ERYTHRORHYNCHUS MUTUALISM BEHAVIOR PARASITISM TICKS

Macroscopic Traversable Wormholes: Minimum Requirements

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International Journal of.Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 230-243页

作者： Peter K. f. Kuhf.ttig Department of.Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

While wormholes are just as good a prediction of.Einstein’s theory as black holes, they are subject to severe restrictions f.om quantum f.eld theory. To allow f.r the possibility of.interstellar travel, a macroscopic wormhole would need to maintain suf.iciently low radial tidal f.rces. It is proposed in this paper that the assumption of.zero tidal f.rces, i.e ., the limiting case, is suf.icient f.r overcoming the restrictions f.om quantum f.eld theory. The f.asibility of.this approach is subsequently discussed by 1) introducing the additional conditions needed to ensure that the radial tidal f.rces can indeed be suf.iciently low and 2) by viewing traversable wormholes as emergent phenomena, thereby increasing the likelihood of.their existence.

关键词： Morris-Thorne Wormholes Traversability Minimum Requirements Stability Compatibility with Quantum f.eld Theory

On an Invariant of.Tournament Digraphs

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Journal of.Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第7期12卷 2711-2722页

作者： Boris f. Melnikov Bowen Liu f.culty of.Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen China

To date, it is unknown whether it is possible to construct a complete graph invariant in polynomial time, so f.st algorithms f.r checking non-isomorphism are important, including heuristic algorithms, and f.r successf.l implementations of.such heuristics, both the tasks of.some modif.cation of.previously described graph invariants and the description of.new invariants remain relevant. Many of.the described invariants make it possible to distinguish a larger number of.graphs in the real time of.a computer program. In this paper, we propose an invariant f.r a special kind of.directed graphs, namely, f.r tournaments. The last ones, f.om our point of.view, are interesting because when f.xing the order of.vertices, the number of.dif.erent tournaments is exactly equal to the number of.undirected graphs, also with f.xing the order of.vertices. In the invariant we are considering, all possible tournaments consisting of.a subset of.vertices of.a given digraph with the same set of.arcs are iterated over. f.r such subset tournaments, the places are calculated in the usual way, which are summed up to obtain the f.nal values of.the points of.the vertices;these points f.rm the proposed invariant. As we expected, calculations of.the new invariant showed that it does not coincide with the most natural invariant f.r tournaments, in which the number of.points is calculated f.r each participant. So f.r, we have conducted a small number of.computational experiments, and the minimum value of.the pair correlation between the sequences representing these two invariants that we f.und is f.r dimension 15.

关键词： Graph Directed Graph Tournament ?nvariant

Impaired Cognition and Stroke Rehabilitation Outcomes: Are They Related?

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Open Journal of.Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第2期12卷 101-116页

作者： Eric f. Tanlaka Torri Trojand f.culty of.Nursing University of Windsor Windsor Canada

Background: Stroke survivors who exhibit impaired cognition at admission to inpatient rehabilitation may experience participation challenges and poorer f.nctional outcomes than those without impaired cognition. Dif.erences in f.nctional outcomes between stroke survivors with and without impaired cognition may be attributed to age, level of.cognitive impairment, and severity of.stroke. Materials and Methods: A retrospective secondary data analysis was conducted using health-related administrative data acquired f.om a Southwestern Ontario hospital’s stroke rehabilitation database. The aim was to explore potential linkages between post-stroke impaired cognition and f.nctional gains, rehabilitation stays, and living settings af.er discharge f.om rehabilitation. Results: An aggregate sample of.393 males and 314 f.males subclassif.ed as experiencing mild, moderate, and severe stroke was analyzed. At inpatient rehabilitation admission, 21.5% (n = 152) of.these patients had no impaired cognition, 33.7% (n = 238) had mild impaired cognition, 22.2% (n = 157) had moderate impaired cognition, and 22.6% (n = 160) had severe impaired cognition. Cognitively impaired stroke patients were signif.cantly (p 0.001) older, had (mostly) moderate to severe stroke with signif.cantly (p = 0.012) more moderate cognitive impairment, had signif.cantly (p 0.001) longer rehabilitation stays, and a high propensity f.r being discharged to longer-term care f.cilities compared to non-cognitively impaired patients. Conclusion: Presence of.signif.cant dissimilarity in rehabilitation stays and post-discharge destinations among stroke survivors with and without cognitive impairment is attributed to the age of.the patient, level of.cognitive impairment, and rigorous rehabilitation interventions.

关键词： Stroke Impaired Cognition Inpatient Rehabilitation f.nctional Outcomes

Thin-Shell Wormholes Admitting Conf.rmal Motions in Spacetimes of.Embedding Class One

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International Journal of.Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 162-171页

作者： Peter K. f. Kuhf.ttig Department of.Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

This paper discusses the f.asibility of.thin-shell wormholes in spacetimes of.embedding class one admitting a one-parameter group of.conf.rmal motions. It is shown that the surf.ce energy density σ is positive, while the surf.ce pressure is negative, resulting in , thereby signaling a violation of.the null energy condition, a necessary condition f.r holding a wormhole open. f.r a Morris-Thorne wormhole, matter that violates the null energy condition is ref.rred to as “exotic”. f.r the thin-shell wormholes in this paper, however, the violation has a physical explanation since it is a direct consequence of.the embedding theory in conjunction with the assumption of.conf.rmal symmetry. These properties avoid the need to hypothesize the existence of.the highly problematical exotic matter.

关键词： Thin-Shell Wormholes Conf.rmal Symmetry Embedding Class One Exotic Matter