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A trait-based approach to assess climate change sensitivity of freshwater invertebrates across Swedish ecoregions

Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 221-232页

作者： Leonard SANDIN Astrid SCHMIDT-KLOIBER Jens-Christian SVENNING erik JEppESEN Nikolai FRIBERG Department of Bioscience and Arctic Centre Aarhus University VejlsФvej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 7050 SE-750 07 UppsalaSweden Department Water Atmosphere Environment Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management University of NaturalResources and Life Sciences Max-Emanuel Strasse 17 1180 Vienna Austria Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 114 DK-8000 Aarhus Denmark Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research Beijing China Norwegian Institute for Water Research Gaustadall6en 21 NO-0349 Oslo Norway

Freshwater habitats and organisms are among the most threatened on Earth, and freshwater ecosystems have been subject to large biodiversity losses. We developed a Climate Change Sensitivity (CCS) indicator based on trait information for a selection of stream- and lake-dwelling Ephemeroptera, plecoptera and Trichoptera taxa. We calculated the CCS scores based on ten species traits identified as sensitive to global climate change. We then assessed climate change sensitivity between the six main ecoregions of Sweden as well as the three Swedish regions based on Illies. This was done using biological data from 1, 382 stream and lake sites where we compared large-scale (ecoregional) patterns in climate change sensitivity with potential future exposure of these ecosystems to increased temperatures using ensemble-modelled future changes in air temperature. Current (1961~1990) measured temperature and ensemble-modelled future (2100) temperature showed an increase from the northernmost towards the southern ecoregions, whereas the predicted temperature change increased from south to north. The CCS indicator scores were highest in the two northernmost boreal ecoregions where we also can expect the largest global climate change-induced increase in temperature, indicating an unfortunate congruence of exposure and sensitivity to climate change. These results are of vital importance when planning and implementing management and conservation strategies in freshwater ecosystems, e.g., to mitigate increased temperatures using riparian buffer strips. We conclude that traits information on taxa specialization, e.g., in terms of feeding specialism or taxa having a preference for high altitudes as well as sensitivity to changes in temperature are important when assessing the risk from future global climate change to freshwater ecosystems.

关键词：全球气候变化淡水生态系统生态区域敏感性无脊椎动物瑞典评估基础

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Reducing unnecessary crossmatching for hip fracture patients by accounting for preoperative hemoglobin concentration

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第5期12卷 292-300页

作者： Raj M Amin Varun puvanesarajah Yash p Chaudhry Matthew J Best Sandesh S Rao Steven M Frank erik A Hasenboehler Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Philadelphia College of Osteopathic MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19122United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMD 02114United States Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedics Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States

BACKGROUND Maximum surgical blood order schedules were designed to eliminate unnecessary preoperative crossmatching prior to surgery in order to conserve blood bank *** protocols recommend type and cross of 2 red blood cell(RBC)units for patients undergoing surgery for treatment of hip *** hemoglobin has been identified as the strongest predictor of inpatient transfusion,but current maximum surgical blood order schedules do not consider preoperative hemoglobin values to determine the number of RBC units to prepare prior to *** To determine the preoperative hemoglobin level resulting in the optimal 2:1 crossmatch-to-transfusion(C:T)ratio in hip fracture surgery *** In 2015 a patient blood management(pBM)program was implemented at our institution mandating a single unit-per-occurrence transfusion policy and a restrictive transfusion threshold ofptomatic patients andptomatic anemia or history of coronary artery *** identified all hip fracture patients between 2013 and 2017 and compared the preoperative hemoglobin which would predict a 2:1 C:T ratio in the pre pBM and post pBM *** profiling and sensitivity analysis were performed with statistical significance set at ppatients who underwent hip fracture surgery between 2013 and 2017 were identified,291 in the post pBM *** requirements in the post pBM cohort were lower(51%vs 33%,ppre pBM *** mean RBC units transfused per patient was 1.15 in the pre pBM cohort,compared to 0.66 in the post pBM cohort(ppatient transfusion probability of 50%)was predicted by a preoperative hemoglobin of 12.3 g/dL[area under the curve(AUC)0.78(95%confidence interval(CI),0.72-0.83),Sensitivity 0.66]in the pre pBM cohort and 10.7 g/dL[AUC 0.78(95%CI,0.73-0.83),Sensitivity 0.88]in the post pBM cohort.A

关键词： Hip fracture Transfusion Blood conservation Hemoglobin Type and cross Maximum surgical blood order schedule

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Compressively-strained GaSb nanowires with core-shell heterostructures

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Nano Research 2020年第9期13卷 2517-2524页

作者： Zhongyunshen Zhu Johannes Svensson Axel R.persson Reine Wallenberg Andrei V.Gromov Lars-erik Wernersson Departm ent of Electrical and Information Technology Lund UniversityBox 11822100 LundSweden Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Lund UniversityBox 12422100 Lundt Sweden NanoLund Lund UniversityBox 11822100 LundSweden EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FJUK

GaSb-based nanowires in a gate-all-around geometry are good candidates for binary p-type transistors,however they require the introduction of compressive strain to enhance the transport ***,we for the first time demonstrate epitaxial GaSb-GaASxSb1-x core-shell nanowires with a compressively strained *** axial and hydrostatic strain in GaSb core have been measured by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Raman scattering,*** optimal sample,almost without plastic relaxation,has an axial strain of-0.88%and a hydrostatic strain of-1.46%,leading to a noticeable effect where the light hole band is calculated to be 33.4 meV above the heavy hole band at the *** valence band feature offers more light holes to contribute the transport process,and thus may provide enhanced hole mobility by reducing both the interband scattering and the hole effective *** results show that lattice-mismatched epitaxial core-shell heterostructures of high quality can also be realized in the promising yet demanding GaSb-based system.

关键词： compressive strain GaSb-GaAsxSbi-x core-shell nanowires heterostructure p-type transistors

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Conditions for autonomous choice： a qualitative study of older adults＇ experience of decision-making in TAVR

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第1期14卷 42-48页

作者： Elisabeth Skaar Anette Hylen Ranhoff Jan erik Nordrehaug Daniel E Forman Margrethe Aase Schaufel Department of Heart Disease Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway Kavli Research Centre for Geriatrics and Dementia Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital Bergen Norway University of pittsburgh Medical Center VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh USA Research Unit for General practice Uni Research Health Bergen Norway Department of Thoracic Medicine Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway

耐心的自治是在为分享的决策的生物伦理学和一个基础的一个领先的原则。这研究为最近经历了 trans 导管的更老的成年人经验丰富的一种自治选择探索条件必要的大动脉的阀门代替(TAVR ).MethodsQualitative 学习一件有目的的样品的半结构... 详细信息

耐心的自治是在为分享的决策的生物伦理学和一个基础的一个领先的原则。这研究为最近经历了 trans 导管的更老的成年人经验丰富的一种自治选择探索条件必要的大动脉的阀门代替(TAVR ).MethodsQualitative 学习一件有目的的样品的半结构化的会见十更旧(范围 73-89，中部 83.5 年) 在 TAVR 以后的成年人(中部 23 天) 。学习背景是在自从 2010，执行 TAVR 的一所大学医院的一个心脏的部门。当选择似乎难或不在时，分析由系统的文章 ***， TAVR 病人故意抓住了处理风险评价，矛盾心理和命运提供他们的机会。他们考虑了衰退比接受与过程有关的风险更坏的治疗。被他们的医生彻底地劝告的经验形成了自治信任的基础。他们为医生建议感到了的信任关于过程和风险减轻了矛盾心理。TAVR 病人表示了与 self-empowerment 一致的感情并且宣称它不得不是他们的决定。甚至这样，选择干预为一项义务到他们的家庭或消极地相信它也是一个自治决定的 *** TAVR 病人经验可以包含坦率的折衷；象一个有弹性的自我看法一样商讨医生相关性。医生们应该特别知道 how older 成年人微妙的认知衰落和倾向到当获得知情同意时，保存他们能影响他们的医药决策的身份。心脏病专家和另外的供应商可以也使用这些卓见开发更好对如此的固有的复杂性作出回应的新策略。

关键词：老年人决策风险评估生命伦理学半结构化大学医院心脏病医生

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The importance of aboveground and belowground interspecific interactions in determining crop growth and advantages of peanut/maize intercropping

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The Crop Journal 2021年第6期9卷 1460-1469页

作者： Nianyuan Jiao Jiangtao Wang Chao Ma Chaochun Zhang Dayong Guo Fusuo Zhang erik Steen Jensen College of Agronomy Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023HenanChina College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Biosystems and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarp 23053Sweden

Intercropping of maize(Zea mays L.) and peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) often results in greater yields than the respective sole crops. However, there is limited knowledge of aboveground and belowground interspecific interactions between maize and peanut in field. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of interspecific interactions on plant growth and grain yield for a peanut/maize intercropping system under different nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(p) levels. The method of root separation was employed to differentiate belowground from aboveground interspecific interactions. We observed that the global interspecific interaction effect on the shoot biomass of the intercropping system decreased with the coexistence period, and belowground interaction contributed more than aboveground interaction to advantages of the intercropping in terms of shoot biomass and grain yield. There was a positive effect from aboveground and belowground interspecific interactions on crop plant growth in the intercropping system, except that aboveground interaction had a negative effect on peanut during the late coexistence period. The advantage of intercropping on grain came mainly from increased maize yield(means 95%) due to aboveground interspecific competition for light and belowground interaction(61%–72% vs. 28%–39% in fertilizer treatments). There was a negative effect on grain yield from aboveground interaction for peanut, but belowground interspecific interaction positively affected peanut grain *** supply of N, p, or N + p increased grain yield of intercropped maize and the contribution from aboveground interspecific interaction. Our study suggests that the advantages of peanut/maize intercropping for yield mainly comes from aboveground interspecific competition for maize and belowground interspecific facilitation for peanut, and their respective yield can be enhanced by N and p. These findings are important for managing the intercropping system and optim

关键词： peanut/maize intercropping Aboveground interspecific competition Belowground interspecific facilitation Nitrogen and phosphorus Advantage of intercropping

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Dual-polarization wavelength conversion of 16-QAM signals in a single silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode[Invited]

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photonics Research 2018年第5期6卷 I0048-I0054页

作者： FRANCESCO DA Ros ANDRZEJ GAJDA erik LIEBIG EDSON p.DA SILVA ANNA pECZEK pETER D.GIROUARD ANDREAS MAI KLAUS pETERMANN LARS ZIMMERMANN MICHAEL GALILI LEIF K.OXENLOWE DTU Fotonik Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark IHp Im Technologiepark 2515236 Frankfurt(Oder)Germany IHp Solutions GmbH Im Technologiepark 2515236 Frankfurt(Oder)Germany Institut for Hochfrequenz-und Halbleiter-Systemtechnologien TU BerlinEinsteinufer 2510587 BerlinGermany AMETEK CTS Europe GmbH L unener StraBe 211-21259174 KamenGermany

A polarization-diversity loop with a silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode as a nonlinear medium is used to realize polarization insensitive four-wave mixing. Wavelength conversion of seven dual-polarization 16-quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) signals at 16 GBd is demonstrated with an optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty below 0.7 dB. High-quality converted signals are generated thanks to the low polarization dependence(≤0.5 dB) and the high conversion efficiency(CE) achievable. The strong Kerr nonlinearity in silicon and the decrease of detrimental free-carrier absorption due to the reverse-biased p-i-n diode are key in ensuring high CE levels.

关键词： Invited Dual-polarization wavelength conversion of 16-QAM signals in a single silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode QAM

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phosphorus Use Efficiency of Bio-Based Fertilizers:Bioavailability and Fractionation

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pedosphere 2016年第3期26卷 310-325页

作者： Céline VANEECKHAUTE Joery JANDA peter A.VANROLLEGHEM Filip M.G.TACK erik MEERS Laboratory for Analytical and Applied Ecochemistry Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University model EAU Département de Génie Civil et de Génie des EauxFaculté des Sciences et de GénieUniversité Laval

Although to date some technologies producing bio-based phosphorus(p) fertilizers have been proposed and implemented, the efficient use of the recovered products is still limited due to legislative constraints and lack of insights in the p release with time and in the corresponding mechanisms. The aim of this work was to evaluate the fertilizer performance in terms of p release and use efficiency of recovered struvite, FepO_4-sludge, digestate, and animal manure as compared to fossil reserve-based mineral triple superphosphate(TSp). First, product physicochemical characteristics and p fractions in the context of European fertilizer legislation were assessed. Next, a controlled greenhouse experiment was set up to evaluate plant reactions as well as changes of p availability in a sandy soil with high p status and a Rheinsand soil with low p status. Soil p fractions were determined in the extracts with water, ammonium lactate and CaCl_2, and in soil solution sampled with Rhizon soil moisture samplers. Based on all results, it is worth conducting long-term field trials to evaluate the p release effect of struvite and digestate as compared to animal manure and TSp on different soil types with varying p status. These products showed promise as sustainable substitutes for conventional p fertilizers and could contribute to a more efficient use of p in agriculture. A refined classification of p application standards/recommendations in terms of soil p status, soil texture, and fertilizer characteristics, next to the crop p demand, is recommended. Moreover, the additional use of Rhizon samplers for determination of direct available p, including dissolved organic p, is proposed for better understanding and categorization of different p fertilizers in environmental and fertilizer legislations.

关键词：磷利用效率生物肥料生物利用度土壤有效磷物理化学特性动物粪便应用程序重过磷酸钙

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Denting Nanospheres with a Short peptide

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2021年第12期39卷 1538-1549页

作者： Sha Lin Hui Sun erik Jan Cornel Jin-Hui Jiang Yun-Qing Zhu Zhen Fan Jian-Zhong Du Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

Dented n anospheres show promisi ng potential in drug delivery,nano motors,***,it is still challe nging to prepare them by homopolymer self-assembly because of the strict structural requirements of the ***,we propose a strategy for preparing dented nano spheres from homopolymers by co-assembly with a short *** were co-assembled from poly(2-hydroxy-3-((4-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl)amino)propyl methacrylate)(pHBzoMA59)and(S)-2-((S)-2-((((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-phenylpro-panamido)-3-phenyIpropanoic acid(Fmoc-FF-OH).pHBzoMA homopolymers can only self-assemble into nanospheres without dent,and the addition of a short peptide in troduced hydroge n bondi ng and complementary π-π stacki ng interactions led to the final dented nano sphere *** weight fracti ons of the short peptide can be adjusted to regulate the final *** was con firmed that the radius of curvature of the dent on the surface was related to the organic bubble inside the protospheres prepared at critical aggregation concentration(CAC).The orga nic bubble can be adjusted by altering the kind of orga nic solve nt and solution pH,which allowed control over the dented nano sphere *** use of differe nt orga nic solve nts with various polarities allows adjustment of the interfacial tension,and hence the denting *** degree can also be controlled by manipulating the solution pH to(de)protonate the short peptide and ***,the versatility of this method was highlighted by using a differe nt homopolymer and the applicability of the resulting den ted nanospheres was demonstrated by decoration with gold ***,this study provided important insights and a new simple strategy to prepare den ted n anospheres in a con trolled fashion.

关键词： Dented nanospheres Homopolymer Short peptide Hydrogen bonding π-πStacking

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Systematics of the avian family Alaudidae using multilocus and genomic data

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 137-152页

作者： per Alstrom Zeinolabedin Mohammadi erik D.Enbody Martin Irestedt Derek Engelbrecht pierre-Andre Crochet Alban Guillaumet Loïs Rancilhac B.Irene Tieleman Urban Olsson paul F.Donald Martin Stervander Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DSE-75236UppsalaSweden Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesGolestan UniversityGorganGolestanIran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University75123UppsalaSweden Department of Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz95060Santa CruzCAUSA Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 50007SE-10405StockholmSweden Department of Biodiversity University of LimpopoPrivate Bag X1106Sovenga0727South Africa CEFE CNRSUniv MontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Department of Biological&Environmental Sciences Troy UniversityTroyAL36082USA Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenthe Netherlands Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgP.O.Box 463SE-40530GothenburgSweden Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 461SE-40530GothenburgSweden BirdLife International The David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StCambridgeCB23QZUK Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridgeCB23EJUK Bird Group Natural History MuseumAkeman StreetTringHertfordshireHP236APUnited Kingdom

The family Alaudidae,larks,comprises 93-100 species(depending on taxonomy)that are widely distributed across Africa and Eurasia,with single species extending their ranges to North and northernmost South America and Australia.A decade-old molecular phylogeny,comprising~80%of the species,revealed multiple cases of parallel evolution and large variation in rates of morphological evolution,which had misled taxonomists into creating many non-monophyletic ***,we reconstruct the phylogeny of the larks,using a dataset covering one mitochondrial and 16 nuclear loci and comprising all except one of the currently recognised species as well as several recently proposed new species(in total 133 taxa;not all loci available for all species).We provide additional support using genome-wide markers to infer a genus-level phylogeny based on near-complete generic sampling(in total 51 samples of 44 taxa across 40 species).Our results confirm the previous findings of rampant morphological convergence and divergence,and reveal new cases of paraphyletic *** propose a new subfamily classification,and also that the genus Mirafra is divided into four genera to produce a more balanced generic classification of the *** study supports recently proposed species splits as well as some recent lumps,while also questioning some of the *** comprehensive phylogeny will form an important basis for future studies,such as comparative studies of lark natural history,ecology,evolution and conservation.

关键词： phylogeny phylogenomics Multispecies coalescent Lark paraphyly Taxonomy Subfamily description

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The Tertiary of Norden

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Episodes 2008年第1期31卷 66-72页

作者： erik S. Rasmussen Claus Heilmann-Clausen Regin Waagstein Tor Eidvin Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Фster Voldgade 10 DK-1350 Copenhagen K Denmark. Geological Institute of Aarhus DK-8000A＇hus C Denmark. Norwegian petroleum Directorate P.O. Box 600 N-4003 Stavanger Norway.

This chapter provides a lithostratigraphic correlation and the present knowledge of the depositional history of the Tertiary succession of the Scandinavian countries. The succession records an initial phase of carbonate deposition in the early paleocene. This was succeeded by deposition of deep marine clays with intercalation of sand-rich mass flow deposits during most of the paleocene and Eocene. Volcanic activity in the North Atlantic was extensive at the transition from the paleocene to the Eocene resulting in widespread sedimentation of ash-rich layers in the North Sea area. During the Oligocene, the first prograding deltaic complex developed, sourced from the Fennoscandian Shield. Late Oligocene-Early Miocene inversion and uplift of Norway and the Shetland platform resulted in major progradation of coastal and delta plain systems. At the end of the Tertiary most of the North Sea basin was filled and the Fennoscandian Shield was flanked to the west by a broad, coalesced coastal plain.

关键词：岩石层位学第三纪地质特征斯堪的纳维亚

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