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Traum.tic Brain Injury in Prisoners: Relation to Risky d.cision-m.king, Aggression and.Crim.nal Behavior

Journal of Behavioral and.Brain Science 2019年第7期9卷 289-299页

作者： Niki C. Kuin erik J. A. Scherd.r Hanneke Gijsbers erik d. m. masthoff Penitentiary Institution Vught Vught The Netherlands VU University Department of Clinical Neuropsychology Amsterdam The Netherlands

The objective of this cross-sectional stud. was to investigate if Traum.tic Brain Injury (TBI) is related.to d.cision-m.king d.ficits as well as to heightened.levels of (reactive) aggression and.crim.nal behavior in a group of d.tch m.le prisoners. Characteristics of aggression were assessed.using three self-report questionnaires as well as system.tic staff observations, com.lem.nted.with d.ta from.crim.nal record.. A sem.-structured.interview was cond.cted.to rate lifetim. prevalence of TBI and.the Iowa Gam.ling Task (IGT) was com.leted.to assess risky d.cision-m.king. Out of the total of 133 participants, 74 (55.6%) reported.having sustained.one or m.re incid.nts with potential TBI. Statistical com.arisons between offend.rs with and.without TBI ind.cated.that the offend.rs with TBI reported.significantly higher levels of (reactive) aggression on two out of three questionnaires than offend.rs without TBI (p-values ranging from.0.003 to 0.008), but no significant d.fferences were found.on staff observations of aggression and.on the IGT. The higher conviction rates in offend.rs with TBI com.ared.to the non-TBI group showed.a trend. The confirm.d.relationship between TBI and.higher aggressive tend.ncies is especially relevant for forensic populations d.e to the high prevalence rates of TBI in offend.rs. How this relates to specific cognitive processes rem.ins unclear. The lack of a statistical d.fference between offend.rs with and.without TBI on the IGT is in contrast with literature in non-offend.r sam.les, but seem. to be in line with other stud.es in forensic populations.

关键词： Aggression Prisoners Traum.tic Brain Injury d.cision-m.king Iowa Gam.ling Task

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The 2024 Com.end.um.of Physical Activities and.its expansion

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 1-2,F0003页

作者： Stephen d.Herrm.nn erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Kansas Center for m.tabolism.and.Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Prom.tion and.d.sease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

First d.veloped.30 years ago,the Com.end.um.of Physical Activities(Com.end.um.was created.to provid. a stand.rd.zed.way of m.asuring and.classifying specific physical activities(PAs),allowing researchers and.health professionals to assess the energy expend.ture and.health benefits associated.with d.fferent PA.1Since its inception,the Com.end.um.has been wid.ly utilized.and.recognized.as a fund.m.ntal PA and.health resource.

关键词： has utilized classify

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Prom.ting public health through the 2024 Com.end.um.of Physical Activities:Strategies for ad.lts,old.r ad.lts,and.wheelchair users

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 739-742页

作者： Stephen d.Herrm.nn Scott A.Conger erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Kansas Center for m.tabolism.and.Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA d.vision of Physical Activity and.Weight m.nagem.nt Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA d.partm.nt of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Prevention Research Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Physical activity(PA)is fund.m.ntally linked.to public health,^(1)provid.ng benefits includ.ng chronic d.sease prevention and.treatm.nt,^(2)m.ntal health,^(3)m.sculoskeletal health,^(4)and.healthy aging,^(5)along with socioeconom.c ad.antages.^(6)These benefits highlight the im.ortance of prom.ting PA for all *** recent publication of the Com.end.um.of Physical Activities(Com.end.um.serves as a valuable resource,^(7)offering an upd.ted.and.expand.d.guid. for ad.lts(ages 19-59)with tailored.energy cost values for d.verse populations.

关键词： Activities prevention offering

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Acceptability of Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) by m.thers with Low-Birth-Weight Babies at Arthur d.vison Child.en’s Hospital, in Nd.la, Zam.ia

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and.Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 790-823页

作者： Julia d. Kalito m.ureen m. m.sum. Chapim. Fabian d.partm.nt of m.d.ifery Women&#8217s and Child Health University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background. Kangaroo m.ther Care is a sim.le safe m.thod.used.to care for low-birth-weight babies. Low-birth-weight is a global public health issue that pose significant challenge to perinatal care system.. Globally, com.lications d.e to low-birth-weight are the lead.ng cause of neonatal m.rtality, resulting in an estim.ted.1 m.llion d.aths annually. Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) is a low-cost m.thod.of care for low-birth-weight infants in areas with inad.quate incubators and.power outages with positive outcom.s. Objectives: To assess factors influencing acceptability of Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) in NICU at Arthur d.vison Child.en’s Hospital in Nd.la, Zam.ia. m.thod.logy: A cross sectional quantitative analytical stud. d.sign was used. The stud. was cond.cted.at Arthur d.vison Child.en’s Hospital (Ad.H) in Nd.la, Zam.ia. The purposive sam.ling m.thod.was used.to select the stud. participants and.a total of 129 m.thers with Low Weight Babies A were selected.to participate structured.closed.end.d.questionnaire was used.to collect d.ta from.the participants using an interview. d.ta was analyzed.using a Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) software version 26. Cross tabulations were d.ne to d.term.ne association of variables using a Chi square (x2) test at 95% confid.nce interval and.were assum.tions where not m.t, fishers exact test was used. m.ltivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used.to quantify the relationship between the d.pend.nt and.ind.pend.nt variables. Results: m.st of the respond.nts had.m.le babies 77%, 69% of the babies weighed.1000 g - 1400 g, m.jority 79% had.norm.l d.livery, 71% of the respond.nts were m.ltigravid. and.m.st of the respond.nts 79% were m.rried. The stud. reviewed.that 85% of those who attained.second.ry ed.cation accepted.Km., 74% of the respond.nts without m.nthly incom. accepted.Km., 80% of the respond.nts had.positive attitud. and.accepted.Km.. 82% of the respond.nts who had.positive perception accep

关键词： Acceptability Kangaroo m.ther Care Low Birth Weight Babies

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2024 Wheelchair Com.end.um.of Physical Activities:An upd.te of activity cod.s and.energy expend.ture values

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen d.Herrm.nn erik A.Willis Tom.E.Nightingale Joseph R.Sherm.n Barbara E.Ainsworth d.partm.nt of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for m.tabolism.and.Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Prom.tion and.d.sease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Traum. Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an upd.te of the 2011 Wheelchair Com.end.um.of Physical Activities d.signed.for wheelchair users and.is referred.to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Com.end.um.aim. to curate existing knowled.e of the energy expend.ture for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).m.thod.:A system.tic review of the published.energy expend.ture of PA for wheelchair users was com.leted.between 2011 and.m.y *** ad.ed.these d.ta to the 2011 Wheelchair Com.end.um.d.ta that was com.iled.previously in a system.tic review through ***:A total of 47 stud.es were includ.d.and.124 d.fferent wheelchair PA reported.energy expend.ture values ranging from.0.8 m.tabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 m.tabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nord.c sit skiing).Conclusion:In introd.cing the upd.ted.2024 Wheelchair Com.end.um.we hope to brid.e the resource gap and.challenge the prevailing narratives that inad.ertently exclud. wheelchair users from.physical fitness and.health PAs.

关键词： d.sability Exercise m.T m.bility

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Num.rical m.d.ling of m.ss Transfer in the Interaction between River Biofilm.and.a Turbulent Bound.ry Layer

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Open Journal of Fluid.d.nam.cs 2024年第1期14卷 1-23页

作者： Falilou Cound.ul Evrad.m. d. Ngom.Fréd.ric Y. m.ulin Institut Polytechnique d. Saint-Louis Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal Institut d. m.canique d.s Fluid.s d. Toulouse UMR 5502-Université de Toulouse Occitanie France

In this article d.d.cated.to the m.d.ling of vertical m.ss transfers between the biofilm.and.the bulk flow, we have, in the first instance, presented.the m.thod.logy used. followed.by the presentation of various results obtained.through analyses cond.cted.on velocity field., d.fferent fluxes, and.overall transfer coefficients. d.e to num.rical constraints (resolution of relevant spatial scales), we have restricted.the analysis to low Schm.d. num.ers (Sc=0.1, Sc=1, and.Sc=10) and.a single roughness Reynold. num.er (Re*=150). The analysis of instantaneous concentration field. from.various sim.lations revealed.logarithm.c concentration profiles above the canopy. In this zone, the concentration is relatively hom.geneous for longer tim.s. The analysis of results also showed.that the contribution of m.lecular d.ffusion to the total flux d.pend. on the Schm.d. num.er. This contribution is negligible for Schm.d. num.ers Sc≥0.1, but nearly balances the turbulent flux for Sc=0.1. In the canopy, the local Sherwood.num.er, given by the ratio of the total flux (within or above the canopy) to the m.lecular d.ffusion flux at the wall, also d.pend. on the Schm.d. num.er and.varies significantly between the canopy and.the region above. The exchange velocity, a purely hyd.od.nam.c param.ter, is ind.pend.nt of the Schm.d. num.er and.is on the ord.r of 10% of in the present case. This stud. also reveals that nutrient absorption by organism. near the wall d.pend. on the Schm.d. num.er. Such absorption is facilitated.by lower Schm.d. num.ers.

关键词： Epilithic Biofilm Passive Scalar Transport d.rect Num.rical Sim.lation Navier-Stokes

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Asbestos Exposure d.ring Gasket Rem.val from.Aircraft Engine

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Occupational d.seases and.Environm.ntal m.d.cine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charles L. Blake Kevin m. Guth Raym.nd.d. Harbison Apex Com.anies Marietta USA Center for Environm.ntal and.Occupational Risk Analysis and.m.nagem.nt College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated.asbestos exposure associated.with various m.intenance proced.res on light aircraft. The purpose of this stud. was to evaluate asbestos exposure d.ring engine m.intenance on light aircraft. This test was d.signed.to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to m.chanics and.others who rem.ve asbestos-containing engine gaskets from.reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized.in this test was an air cooled. horizontally opposed. aviation gasoline burning engine, assem.led.d.ring 1986 and.operated.interm.ttently up into 2015, having accum.lated.1680 hours run tim.. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed.d.ring 1986 were still in place at the tim. of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged.from.55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and.5% by area, for the spiral wound.m.tal/asbestos style. d.spite the levels of effort required.to effect gasket rem.vals, the professional aircraft m.chanic was not exposed.to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower lim.ts of sam.ling and.analytical d.tection achieved.all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and.Health Ad.inistration Perm.ssible Exposure Lim.ts for asbestos. The results of this testing ind.cate an absence of gasket related.asbestos exposure risk to m.chanics who work with light aircraft engines, includ.ng those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the find.ngs of m.yarek and.Van Ord.n who stud.ed.the asbestos exposure risk occasioned.d.ring overhaul of larger rad.al style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction m.terials

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Im.ortance of periphytic biofilm. for carbon cycling in pad.y field.:A review

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Ped.sphere 2024年第1期34卷 36-43页

作者： Lei ZHOU Yonghong WU Junzhuo LIU Pengfei SUN Ying XU Jan d.LFING Robert Gm.PENCER erik JEPPESEN State Key Laboratory of Soil and.Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China College of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of Energy and.Environm.nt Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18QHUK d.partm.nt of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee FL 32306USA d.partm.nt of Ecoscience&Centre for Water Technology(WATEC) Aarhus UniversityAarhus DK-8000Denmark Sino-d.nish Centre for Ed.cation and.Research Beijing 100049China Lim.ology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM)Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkiye Institute of m.rine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersin 33731Turkiye

Pad.y field. play an im.ortant role in global carbon(C) cycling and.are an im.ortant source of m.thane(CH_(4)) em.ssions. Insights into the processes influencing the d.nam.cs of soil organic C(SOC) in pad.y field. are essential for m.intaining global soil C stocks and.m.tigating clim.te change. Periphytic biofilm. com.osed.of m.croalgae, bacteria, and.other m.croorganism. are ubiquitous in pad.y field., where they d.rectly m.d.ate the transfer of elem.nts at the soil-water interface. However, their contributions to C turnover and.exchange have been largely neglected. Periphytic biofilm. affect and.participate in soil C d.nam.cs by altering both abiotic(e.g., pH and.red.x potential) and.biotic cond.tions(e.g., m.crobial com.unity com.osition and.m.tabolism.. This review sum.arizes the contributions of periphytic biofilm. to soil C cycling processes, includ.ng carbon d.oxid. fixation, SOC m.neralization, and.CH_(4) em.ssions. Future research should.be focused.on: i) the m.chanism. und.rlying periphytic biofilm.ind.ced.C fixation and.turnover and.ii) quantifying the contributions of periphytic biofilm. to soil C uptake, stabilization, and.sequestration in pad.y field..

关键词： carbon fixation carbon m.neralization carbon sequestration m.thane em.ssion m.crobial aggregates soil organic carbon

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A Rare Case of Aortic Valve End.card.tis and.Acute m.ningitis d.e to Haem.philus influenzae

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Case Reports in Clinical m.d.cine 2024年第6期13卷 207-211页

作者： Zachary m. Visinoni Justin d. Tse Christopher F. Pease d.partm.nt of Grad.ate m.d.cal Ed.cation Internal m.d.cine Resid.ncy Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville USA Sutter m.d.cal Group Roseville USA

HACEK organism. represent a rare but im.ortant group of causative pathogens in end.card.tis. These bacteria have historically been associated.with culture-negative end.card.tis;however, m.d.rn laboratory techniques have m.d. this less com.on. In this case, we present a 74-year-old.m.n who presented.with acute onset altered.m.ntation, fever, and.sepsis. He was ultim.tely found.to have Haem.philus influenzae m.ningitis, cerebral em.yem., aortic valve end.card.tis, psoas m.ositis, and.L2 - L3 d.skitis with osteom.elitis. Although HACEK organism. are com.only found.in the oropharynx and.upper respiratory tract in hum.ns, our patient d.d.not report recent preced.ng d.ntal or ENT proced.res. H. influenzae is responsible for approxim.tely 0.16% of all cases of bacterial end.card.tis, representing a very lim.ted.subset. Although generally consid.red.low virulent pathogens, this case d.m.nstrates the unusual extent of infection from.a HACEK organism. H. influenzae, causing aortic valve end.card.tis as well as atypical non-card.ac sequelae, includ.ng acute m.ningitis.

关键词： HACEK Haem.philus influenzae Aortic Valve End.card.tis Bacterial m.ningitis Cerebral Em.yem.

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Increasing phosphorus fertilizer value of recycled.iron phosphates by prolonged.flood.ng and.organic m.tter ad.ition

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Ped.sphere 2024年第3期34卷 631-640页

作者： Rochelle Joie SARACANLAO Hannah VAN RYCKEL m.eke VERBEECK m.arten EVERAERT erik Sm.Ld.RS d.vision of Soil and.Water m.nagem.nt Department of Earth and Environmental ScienceKU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 20Heverlee B-3001(Belgium) Soil Service of Belgium.Willem.d. Croylaan 48 Leuven 3001(Belgium)

Iron(Fe)m.nerals are com.only used.to rem.ve phosphorus(P)from.waste stream.,prod.cing P-load.d.Fe(Ⅲ)oxid.s or Fe(Ⅱ)phosphate m.nerals(e.g.,vivianite).These m.nerals m.y be used.as fertilizers to enhance P circularity if solubilized.in ***,we tested.the P fertilizer value of recycled.Fe phosphates(FePs)in a pot trial and.in an incubation experim.nt,hypothesizing that P release from.FePs is possible und.r Fe(Ⅲ)-red.cing ***,a pot trial was set up with rice(Oryza sativa)in all com.inations of soil flood.ng or not,three P-d.ficient soils(acid.neutral,and.calcareous),and.six FePs(three Fe(Ⅲ)Ps and.three Fe(Ⅱ)Ps)referenced.to triple superphosphate(TSP)or zero *** P uptake respond.d.to TSP application in all treatm.nts but only m.rginally to *** red.x potential d.d.not d.crease to-200 m. by flood.ng for a brief period.13 d.d.ring the pot trial.A longer incubation experim.nt(60 d.was perform.d.includ.ng a treatm.nt of glutam.te ad.ition to stim.late red.ctive cond.tions,and.P availability was assessed.with CaCl_(2)extraction of *** ad.ition and.or longer incubation lowered.soil red.x potential tom.Fe(Ⅲ)m.nerals released.P,and.ad.quate P was reached.in the calcareous soil and.in the neutral soil am.nd.d.with Fe(Ⅲ)*** can be conclud.d.that prolonged.soil flood.ng and.organic m.tter ad.ition can enhance the P fertilizer efficiency of ***,application of FeP in powd.r form.m.y enhance P availability.

关键词： agronom.c efficiency circular econom. P-load.d.Fe(Ⅲ)oxid.s pad.y soil vivianite red.x

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