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The potential of starch-chitosan blends with poloxamer for the preparation of microparticles by spray-drying

Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 1-10页

作者： Juan enrique Barranco-García Carolina Caicedo enrique javier jiménez-regalado Carlos Espinoza-González Graciela Morales Rocio Yaneli Aguirre-Loredo Abril Fonseca-García Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca Departamento de Química y BioquímicaAvenida Ing.Víctor Bravo Ahuja No.125Esquina Calzada Tecnológico68030OaxacaMexico Faculty of Engineering Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)Carrera 17a 48-144763022TuluáColombia Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada(CIQA) Blvd.Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 14025294SaltilloCoahuilaMexico Investigadoras por México CONAHCYT-CIQA Av.Insurgentes Sur 1562Col.Crédito Constructor03940Alcaldía Benito JuárezCDMXMexico

Using biopolymers as wall materials in spray drying poses challenges,particularly in attaining flowability and thermal stability among their physicochemical *** paper addresses these challenges by preparing microparticles using a blend of starch–chitosan and a poloxamer,commercially named Pluronic®*** aimed to elucidate the effects of varying poloxamer concentrations on the resulting particles through the spray drying *** with a poloxamer concentration of 3%(w/v)demonstrated a notably higher yield,especially when compared to those with 0%and 1%*** with 3%and 5%(w/v)poloxamer displayed a narrower particle size distribution,with the 3%blend showing a superior yield attributed to arrangements of blend components that improve flowability.X-ray diffraction analysis showcased the characteristic peaks of A-type starch form,with shifts suggesting enhanced interactions between *** with increased poloxamer content showed elevated thermal degradation temperatures,with the 3%blend registering a significant rise,opening avenues for encapsulating heat-sensitive *** study primarily focuses on the preparation and basic characterization of *** underscores the potential of blends with optimal poloxamer concentrations in microencapsulation,emphasizing further research to harness their capabilities thoroughly.

关键词： Biopolymer Starch Chitosan Pluronic®F127 Microparticles Spray drying

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Phagocytosis: A Practical Approach for Evaluating Neutrophil Function in Health and Disease

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Modern Research in Inflammation 2024年第2期13卷 9-28页

作者： Oscar Rojas-Espinosa Patricia Arce-Paredes Sergio Islas-Trujillo Luis enrique Becerril-Villanueva María Dolores Ponce-regalado Departamento de Inmunologa Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biolgicas Instituto Politcnico Nacional Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Laboratorio de Psicoinmunologa Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatra Ramn de la Fuente Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud Centro Universitario de los Altos Universidad de Guadalajara Jalisco Mxico

Neutrophils, crucial players in the effector phase of the immune response, are recognized as important mediators of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Through the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, they modulate the function of T and other lymphoid cells. Countless reports have highlighted the importance of these cells as efficient antimicrobial agents and annotated their involvement in the pathology of infectious and noninfectious diseases. The development of modern, sophisticated technologies has allowed the study of the functions of these cells in clinical settings. These advanced technologies include fluorescence-activated cell sorters, confocal microscopy, automated cell image analyzers, and live cell analysis instruments. Unfortunately, the cost of these modern instruments, maintenance, reagents, and the need for qualified technicians prohibit their use in low-income laboratories and universities in developing countries. With this in mind, we propose a series of basic tests that can be used in low-input clinical laboratories and universities to evaluate the function of neutrophils in health and disease. Our methodology allows us to assess in a practical and low-cost manner the functions of neutrophils in the phagocytic process, including opsonization, ingestion, ROI production (NBT reduction), myeloperoxidase content, phagosome-lysosome fusion, microbicidal activity, and NET production. Thus, under a disadvantageous ambiance, this may guide physicians in deciding whether a patient’s illness involves phagocytic defects without imposing a heavy financial *** Abstract[-rId13-]

关键词： Phagocytosis Neutrophils Microbicidal Activity Netosis

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Model of Mediating Determinants of Time Differences in INDYCAR

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2024年第4期14卷 232-240页

作者： Wilfrido Isidro Aldana Balderas Héctor Daniel Molina Ruiz enrique Martínez Muñoz Eleazar Villegas González Tirso javier Hernández Gracia Arturo Sánchez Sánchez Cruz García Lirios Alfredo Barrera Escobar University of México HuehuetocaMèxico University of Hidalgo PachucaMèxico University of Tlaxcala Mèxico University of CDMX Mexico University of FV Mexico

The IndyCar series distinguishes itself by providing the same design and operation of the single-seater to its *** difference in times is then attributable to the skills of the drivers,but considering the data from the races could test this *** objective of this work was to establish a trajectory model to predict race times.A cross-sectional,correlational,and explanatory work was carried out with a sample of 18,474 records in the period from 2020 to 2023 of the IndyCar *** results show that the time span predicts the time *** relation to the studies of acceptance of the technology,the adjustment of this to human capacities to explain the time differences in the series of racing cars is discussed.

关键词： time differences ranking differences ranking race time laps completed

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Influence of Angiotensin II on α₁-Adrenergic Receptors Function in Rat Aorta and Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 123-134页

作者： Itzell Alejandrina Gallardo-Ortíz Juan Pablo de Jesús Benítez-Garrido Santiago C. Sigrist-Flores Juan javier López-Guerrero enrique Hong Rafael Villalobos-Molina Unidad de Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Aut&#243noma de M&#233xico Tlalnepantla M&#233xico Carrera de Enfermerí a Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Aut&#243noma de M&#233xico Tlalnepantla M&#233xico Departamento de Farmacobiologí a Centro de Investigaci&#243n and de Estudios Avanzados-IPN Ciudad de M&#233xico M&#233xico Carrera de Mé dico Cirujano Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Aut&#243noma de M&#233xico Tlalnepantla M&#233xico

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main mediator of the Renin-Angiotensin-System acting on AT1 and other AT receptors. It is regarded as a pleiotropic agent that induces many actions, including functioning as a growth factor, and as a contractile hormone, among others. The aim of this work was to examine the impact of Ang II on the expression and function of α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) in cultured rat aorta, and aorta-derived smooth muscle cells. Isolated Wistar rat aorta was incubated for 24 h in DMEM at 37˚C, then subjected to isometric tension and to the action of added norepinephrine, in concentration-response curves. Ang II was added (1 × 10−5 M), and in some experiments, 5-Methylurapidil (α1A-AR antagonist), AH11110A (α1B-AR antagonist), or BMY-7378 (α1D-AR antagonist), were used to identify the α1-AR involved in the response. Desensitization of the contractile response to norepinephrine was observed due to incubation time, and by the Ang II action. α1D-AR was protected from desensitization by BMY-7378;while RS-100329 and prazosin partially mitigated desensitization. In another set of experiments, isolated aorta-derived smooth muscle cells were exposed to Ang II and α1-ARs proteins were evaluated. α1D-AR increased at 30 and 60 min post Ang II exposure, the α1A-AR diminished from 1 to 4 h, while α1B-AR remained unchanged over 24 h of Ang II exposure. Ang II induced an increase of α1D-AR at short times, and BMY-7378 protected α1D-AR from desensitization.

关键词： Angiotensin II α1D-AR α1-AR Expression Rat aorta Smooth Muscle Cells

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Nature and evolution of the lower crust under central Spain:Inferences from granulite xenoliths(Calatrava Volcanic Field-Spanish central system)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第3期14卷 10-32页

作者： David Orejana Carlos Villaseca Marlina A.Elburg enrique Merino-Martínez javier García Serrano Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología Universidad Complutense de MadridSpain Departamento de Dinámica Terrestre y Observación de la Tierra Instituto de Geociencias IGEO(UCMCSIC)MadridSpain Department of Geology University of JohannesburgSouth Africa Instituto Geológico y Minero de España–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas CN IGME–CSIC

So far,the nature and evolution of the lower crust under central Spain have been constrained mainly on the basis of a heterogeneous suite of granulite xenoliths from the Spanish Central System(SCS).In recent years,ultramafic volcanics from the Calatrava Volcanic Field(CVF)have also provided deep-seated crustal xenoliths which have not been studied in *** data,combining mineral,whole-rock and isotopic geochemistry with U–Pb–Hf isotope ratios in zircons from the CVF and SCS xenoliths,highlight the felsic composition of the lower crust under central Iberia.A number of the Calatrava xenoliths represents Variscan igneous protoliths,which are a minor population in the SCS,and were likely formed by crystallisation of intermediate and felsic melts in the lower crust during the Variscan orogeny(leucodiorite protolith age of 314±3 Ma and leucogranite protolith age of 308±2.5 Ma).U–Pb data of metamorphic zircons show that granulite-facies metamorphism mainly occurred from 299 to 285 Ma in both *** ages are slightly younger than those of granitic intrusions that could be genetically related to the granulitic residue,which points to a main role of U–Pb isotope resetting in lower crustal zircons during HT or UHT *** zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopic ratios support the idea that the lower crust in central Iberia consists mainly of Ordovician–Neoproterozoic metaigneous and metasedimentary rocks associated with the Cadomian continental arc of northern *** rocks provide evidence of mixing between juvenile magmas and an enriched crustal component,ultimately extracted from an Eburnean *** more evolved components present in detrital zircons are likely related to recycling of Archean crust derived from North Africa cratonic terranes.

关键词： Granulite xenoliths U-Pb geochronology Lu-Hf isotopes Calatrava Volcanic Field Spanish central system

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Contributions to data transmission at critical moments on unmanned aerial vehicles

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第8期36卷 247-257页

作者： Jose enrique RODRIGUEZ David SEGURADO Manuel SANCHEZ Jose javier MARTInez Rafael GONZALEZ National Institute of Aerospace Technology Madrid 28850Spain Department of Computer Science University of AlcalaAlcala de HenaresMadrid 28054Spain

As for unmanned aircraft, the knowledge of the aircraft performance is directly related with the navigation, guidance, and control system programming. Therefore, the measured data in each phase of the flight must be sufficiently precise to obtain a good characterization of *** article proposes new methods of sending information to ground, which make it possible to know the aircraft behavior accurately, and for this purpose, four contributions have been made for ALO(Avión Ligero de Observación, Spanish acronym for Light Observation Aircraft). Currently, the characterization is based on data obtained at ten samples per second, insufficient to acquire detailed knowledge of what happened during the whole flight of an aircraft. As a result of these contributions, many more samples per second of accelerations and angular velocities are obtained at the most critical moments of the flight, such as takeoff or landing. Among the improvements included are data compression techniques, providing references to locate the measured data in time and identifying labels of each parameter.

关键词： Critical moments Data transmission Datacompression tech-niques Radio-modem Recommended Standard 232(RS-232) Unmannedaerial vehicle

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Application of a biochemical and clinical model to predict individual survival in patients with end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第22期15卷 2768-2777页

作者： Eduardo Vilar Gomez Luis Calzadilla Bertot Bienvenido Gra Oramas enrique Arus Soler Raimundo Llanio Navarro javier Diaz Elias Oscar Villa jiménez Maria del Rosario Abreu Vazquez Department of Hepatology National Institute of Gastroenterology Department of Pathology National Institute of Gastroenterology Department of Gastroenterology National Institute of Gastroenterology Deparment of Gastroenterology The"Calixto Garcia"Hospital Department of Biostatistics National Institute of Gastroenterology

AIM:To investigate the capability of a biochemical and clinical model,BioCliM,in predicting the survival of cirrhotic ***:We prospectively evaluated the survival of 172 cirrhotic *** model was constructed using clinical(ascites,encephalopathy and variceal bleeding) and biochemical(serum creatinine and serum total bilirubin) variables that were selected from a Cox proportional hazards *** was applied to estimate 12-,52-and 104-wk *** model's calibration using the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic was computed at 104 wk in a validation ***,the model's validity was tested among an independent set of 85 patients who were stratified into 2 risk groups(low risk≤8 and high risk>8).RESULTS:In the validation cohort,all measures of fi t,discrimination and calibration were improved when the biochemical and clinical model was *** proposed model had better predictive values(c-statistic:0.90,0.91,0.91) than the Model for End-stage Liver Disease(MELD) and Child-Pugh(CP) scores for 12-,52-and 104-wk mortality,*** addition,the Hosmer-Lemeshow(H-L) statistic revealed that the biochemical and clinical model(H-L,4.69) is better calibrated than MELD(H-L,17.06) and CP(H-L,14.23).There were no significant differences between the observed and expected survival curves in the stratified risk groups(low risk,P=0.61;high risk,P=0.77).CONCLUSION:Our data suggest that the proposed model is able to accurately predict survival in cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Prognosis Statistical models Prognostic factors Model for end-stage liver disease score Child-Pugh score Survival

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Influence of Surfactant and Salt Concentration on the Rheological Properties of Three Different Microstructures of Associative Polyelectrolytes Obtained by Solution Polymerization

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Journal of Modern Physics 2014年第14期5卷 1387-1396页

作者： Areli I. Velazquez-Garcia Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego Claudia C. Rivera-Vallejo enrique J. jiménez-regalado Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA) Saltillo México

The rheological properties of three different microstructures of hydrophobically modified alkalisoluble polymers (telechelic, multisticker and combined) in the presence of various concentrations of anionic surfactant and salt (NaCl) were investigated. Associative polymers containing both ionic sites and small number of hydrophobic groups were obtained, and their thickening properties in aqueous solutions, were investigated. Solution polymerization was used for obtaining the different polymers. Relationships between hydrophobe, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and NaCl concentration are proposed. Owing to the competition between attractive hydrophobic interaction and repulsive electrostatic interactions, such hydrophobically modified polymers exhibit various rheological behaviors in aqueous solutions, depending on microstructure of polyelectrolyte, SDS and NaCl concentrations.

关键词： Polymerization Associative Polyelectrolyte Rheology Surfactant and Salt Concentration

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Serum levels of chemokines in adolescents with major depression treated with fluoxetine

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第8期10卷 175-186页

作者： Francisco Rafael de la Peña Carlos Cruz-Fuentes Lino Palacios Manuel Iván Girón-Pérez Emilio Medina-Rivero Maria Dolores Ponce-regalado Samantha Alvarez-Herrera Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez enrique Becerril-Villanueva JoséLuis Maldonado-García María C jiménez-Martínez Lenin Pavón Adolescent Clinic Clinical ServicesNational Institute of Psychiatry“Ramón de la Fuente”Mexico City 14370Mexico Department of Psychiatric Genetics Clinical Research BranchNational Institute of Psychiatry“Ramón de la Fuente”Mexico City 14370Mexico Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit Laboratorio de InmunotoxicologíaBoulevard Tepic-Xalisco s/nCd de la Cultura Amado NervoTepic 63000Mexico Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología A.C.Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria-Unidad Nayarit Calle Tres s/n.Cd IndustrialTepic 63000NayaritMexico Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioprocesos Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalUnidad Profesional Lázaro CárdenasMexico City 11340Mexico Departamento de Ciencias de Salud Centro Universitario de los AltosUniversidad de Guadalajara Av Rafael Casillas Aceves No.1200Tepatitlán de MorelosJalisco47610Mexico Laboratory of Psychoimmunology National Institute of Psychiatry“Ramón de la Fuente”Mexico City 14370Mexico Department of Immunology and Research Unit Institute of Ophthalmology“Conde de Valenciana Foundation”Mexico City 06800Mexico Department of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico City 04510Mexico

BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a global health issue that affects 350 million people of all *** between 2%and 5.6%of affected individuals are adolescents,research on young patients is *** inflammatory response contributes to the onset of depression,and in adult MDD patients,symptom severity has been linked to chemokine *** To determine the differences in circulatory levels of chemokines in healthy volunteers(HVs)and adolescents with MDD,and assess the changes induced by fluoxetine *** The 22 adolescents with MDD were monitored during the first 8 wk of clinical follow-up and clinical psychiatric evaluation was done using the Hamilton depresión rating scale(HDRS).The serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),macrophage inflammatory protein(MIP)-1α,MIP-1β,interleukin(IL)-8,interferon gamma-induced protein(IP)-10,and eotaxin were measured in patients and *** In all cases,significant differences were detected in circulating chemokine levels between patients before treatment and HVs(P<0.0001).All chemokines decreased at 4 wk,but only MCP-1 and IL-8 significantly differed(P<0.05)between 0 wk and 4 *** the patients,all chemokines rose to their initial concentrations by 8 wk vs 0 wk,but only IP-10 did so significantly(P<0.05).All patients experienced a significant decrease in HDRS scores at 4 wk(P<0.0001)and 8 wk(P<0.0001)compared with 0 *** Despite the consumption of fluoxetine,patients had significantly higher chemokine levels,even after considering the improvement in HDRS *** high levels of eotaxin,IP-10,and IL-8 partially explain certain aspects that are affected in MDD such as cognition,memory,and learning.

关键词： Adolescents Major depression Chemokine Fluoxetine Interferon gammainduced protein-10

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Acknowledgements

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 142-142页

作者： Carolina Acosta Hospitaleche javier N.Gelfo Carolina Acosta Hospitaleche and javier N.Gelfo

Acknowledgement to reviewers for Vol.35 No.1 issue The editors of this special volume,along with the Editorial Board and Editorial Office of Advance in Polar Science,wish to express deep gratitude for the time invested and the meticulous revisions carried out by enrique Bostelmann(Chile),Michael Burns(USA),Rodolfo Coria(Argentina),Jun Ebersole(USA),Jürgen Kriwet(Austria),Guillermo M.López(Argentina),James Parham(USA),Juan Saad(Argentina),Leonardo Salgado(Argentina),Sergio Soto Acuña(Chile),Washington Jones(Uruguay)and seven anonymous reviewers from Argentina,China,Germany,Poland,and USA.

关键词： knowledge invested Saa

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