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Assessment of oxidative and UV-c.treatments for inac.ivating bac.erial biofilms from groundwater wells

Frontiers of Environmental Sc.enc. & Engineering 2015年第1期9卷 39-49页

作者： Kyle E. MURRAY Erin I. Manitou-ALVAREZ enos c. inniss Frank G. HEALY Adria A. BODOUR Oklahoma Geologic.l Survey University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019-0628 USA ERA Environmental c.nsulting Dollard des Ormeaux Montreal Quebec H9B 2C81 Canada Department of c.vil and Environmental Engineering University of Missouri-Columbia MO 65211-2200 USA Department of Biology Trinity University One Trinity Place San Antonio TX 78212 USA Air Forc. c.nter for Engineering and the Environment (AFc.E) San Antonio TX 78236 USA

Mic.oorganisms are ubiquitous in natural environments and in water supply infrastruc.ure inc.uding groundwater wells. Sessile-state mic.oorganisms may build up on well surfac.s as biofilms and, if exc.ssive, c.use biofouling that reduc.s well produc.ivity and water quality. c.nditions c.n be improved using bioc.des and other traditional well rehabilitation measures; however, biofilm regrowth is inevitable given the c.ntinuous introduc.ion of mic.oorganisms from the surrounding environment. Alternative and less invasive well maintenanc. approac.es are desirable for reduc.ng biofilm densities while also minimizing harmful disinfec.ion-by- produc.s. The primary objec.ive of this researc. was to evaluate effec.iveness of alternative treatments for inac.i- vating mic.oorganisms c.mprising biofilms. A novel approac. was designed for in situ growth of biofilms on steel c.upons suspended from ＇c.andeliers＇. After more than 100 days of in situ growth, biofilms were harvested, sampled, and baseline biofilm densities quantifed through c.ltivation. Ultraviolet-c.（UV-c. and oxidative treatments inc.uding hydrogen peroxide （H2O2）, ozone （O3） and mixed oxidants were then applied to the biofilms in laboratory-sc.le treatments. Mic.obial inac.ivation was assessed by c.mparing treated versus baseline biofilm densities. H2O2 was the most effec.ive treatment, and dec.eased density below baseline by as muc. as 3.1 orders of magnitude. Mixed oxidants were effec.ive for the well having a lower density biofilm, dec.easing density below baseline by as muc. as 1.4 orders of magnitude. Disparity in the response to treatment was apparent in the wells despite their spatial proximity and c.mmon aquifer sourc., whic. suggests that mic.obiologic.l c.mmunities are more heterogeneous than the natural media from whic. they originate.

关键词： aquifer biofouling hydrogen peroxide sustainability well rehabilitation

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Small Water Distribution System Operations and Disinfec.ion By Produc. Fate

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Journal of Water Resourc. and Protec.ion 2013年第8期5卷 35-41页

作者： Sandhya Rao Poleneni enos c. inniss Department of c.vil and Environmental Engineering University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia USA

The Stage-2 Disinfec.ant and Disinfec.ion By-Produc. (D/DBP) regulations forc. water utilities to be more c.nc.rned with their finished and distributed water quality. c.mplianc. requires c.anges to their c.rrent operational strategy, whic. affec. the formation of DBPs over time. This study quantifies c.anges in DBP formation and c.lorine dec.y kinetic. under different operational c.nditions and pipe materials found at many small-sc.le water utilities. A physic.l model (Pipe Loop) of a distribution system was used to evaluate the c.ange in water quality from c.nditions suc. as having a high c.lorine dosage entering the distribution system, using a c.lorine booster system in the distribution system, and operation of c.earwells/storage tanks. The High c.lorine Run (Hc. is least favorable option with approximately 64% and 30% higher TTHMs than Normal Run (NR) and c.lorine Booster Run (c.), respec.ively. High c.lorine c.nditions also minimize the wall effec.s. The loc.tion of Boosters should always be after the storage systems to avoid extra c.ntac. time that c.n produc. approximately 23% - 78% higher TTHMs. The following trends are disc.vered from the data analysis: c.lorine residual Hc.> c. > NR and TTHM NR > c. > Hc.

关键词： Trihalomethanes Pipe Loop c.lorination Distribution Systems Formation Kinetic.

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Simultaneous removal of ammonia and N-nitrosamine prec.rsors from high ammonia water by zeolite and powdered ac.ivated c.rbon

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Journal of Environmental Sc.enc.s 2018年第2期30卷 82-91页

作者： Runmiao Xue Ariel Donovan Haiting Zhang Yinfa Ma c.aig Adams John Yang Bin Hua enos inniss Todd Eic.holz Honglan Shi Department of c.emistry and Environmental Researc. c.nter Missouri University of Science and Technology RoIIa MO 65409 USA c.nter for Single Nanopartic.e Single Cell and Single Molecule Monitoring (CS3M) Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO 6S409 USA Department of c.vil Engineering Saint Louis University St. Louis MO 63103 USA Department of Agric.lture and Environmental Sc.enc.s Lincoln University of Missouri Jefferson City MO 65101 USA Department of c.vil & Environmental Engineering University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia MO 65211 USA Missouri Department of Natural Resourc.s Jefferson City MO 65102 USA

When adding suffic.ent c.lorine to ac.ieve breakpoint c.lorination to sourc. water c.ntaining high c.nc.ntration of ammonia during drinking water treatment, high c.nc.ntrations of disinfec.ion by-produc.s（DBPs） may form. If N-nitrosamine prec.rsors are present, highly toxic.N-nitrosamines, primarily N-nitrosodimethylamine（NDMA）, may also form. Removing their prec.rsors before disinfec.ion should be a more effec.ive way to minimize these DBPs formation. In this study, zeolites and ac.ivated c.rbon were examined for ammonia and N-nitrosamine prec.rsor removal when inc.rporated into drinking water treatment *** test results indic.te that Mordenite zeolite c.n remove ammonia and five of seven N-nitrosamine prec.rsors effic.ently by single step adsorption test. The prac.ic.l applic.bility was evaluated by simulation of typic.l drinking water treatment proc.sses using six-gang stirring system. The Mordenite zeolite was applied at the steps of lime softening, alum c.agulation, and alum c.agulation with powdered ac.ivated c.rbon（PAc. sorption. While the lime softening proc.ss resulted in poor zeolite performanc., alum c.agulation did not impac. ammonia and N-nitrosamine prec.rsor removal. During alum c.agulation, more than67% ammonia and 70%–100% N-nitrosamine prec.rsors were removed by Mordenite zeolite（exc.pt 3-（dimethylaminomethyl）indole（DMAI） and 4-dimethylaminoantipyrine（DMAP））. PAc.effec.ively removed DMAI and DMAP when added during alum c.agulation. A c.mbination of the zeolite and PAc.selec.ed effic.ently removed ammonia and all tested seven N-nitrosamine prec.rsors（dimethylamine（DMA）, ethylmethylamine（EMA）, diethylamine（DEA）, dipropylamine（DPA）, trimethylamine（TMA）, DMAP, and DMAI） during the alum c.agulation proc.ss.

关键词： Disinfec.ion by-produc.s Drinking water treatment Ammonia removal by zeolite N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA) N-nitrosamines N-nitrosamine prec.rsor removal by zeolite and powdered ac.ivated c.rbon

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Importanc. of Bromine-Substituted DBP’s in Drinking Water

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Journal of Water Resourc. and Protec.ion 2013年第8期5卷 28-34页

作者： Lisa Wulff enos inniss Tom c.evenger Water Resourc.s Researc. c.nter University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia USA

Signific.nt frac.ions of bromine-substituted disinfec.ion byproduc.s (DBPs)—partic.larly trihalomethanes (THMs)— have been observed to form during treatment of water from the Missouri River. THM spec.ation was also noted to follow a seasonal pattern during a 2.5-year period, during whic. samples were c.llec.ed multiple times per month. Although some treatment proc.sses were effec.ive at reduc.ng the c.loroform formation potential, no treatment used at this utility signific.ntly reduc.d the formation of the three bromine-substituted THM spec.es. Using c.loramination rather than free c.lorination for sec.ndary disinfec.ion, however, was effec.ive at limiting inc.eases in the c.nc.ntration of all four regulated THM spec.es in the distribution system.

关键词： Disinfec.ion By-Produc.s Bromine Missouri River Treatment c.lorination c.loramination

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Antimic.obial and antioxidant properties of medic.nal plants used by the Bentian tribe from Indonesia

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Food Sc.enc. and Human Wellness 2014年第3期3卷 191-196页

作者： Irawan Wijaya Kusuma Murdiyanto enos Tangke Arung Syafrizal Yong-ung Kim Department of Forest Produc.s Faculty of ForestryMulawarman UniversitySamarinda 75118Indonesia Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematic and Natural SciencesMulawarman UniversitySamarinda 75118Indonesia Department of Herbal Pharmac.utic.l Engineering College of Herbal Bio-industryDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsangbuk-doSouth Korea

Some selec.ed medic.nal plants used by Bentian tribe from Indonesia were evaluated for potential antimic.obial and antioxidant *** leaves stem bark and root of the plants were extrac.ed with n-hexane,ethyl ac.tate and ethanol to give respec.ive *** ac.ivity against Propionibac.erium ac.es and c.ndida albic.ns was determined by an agar well diffusion *** ac.ivity was assayed by the DPPH radic.l sc.venging ac.ivity *** results showed that n-hexane,ethyl ac.tate and ethanol extrac.s of c.nanga odorata,ethanolic.extrac. of c.romolaena odorata,and ethanolic.extrac.s of Hyptis c.pitata and Ampeloc.ssus c.nnamomeae displayed good ac.ivity against *** at 25–400μg/well of the extrac.s *** n-hexane and ethanol extrac.s of c.romolaena odorata and ***,and the n-hexane,ethyl ac.tate and ethanol extrac.s of c.nanga odorata displayed more ac.ivity against *** than others at 25–400μg/well of the extrac.s *** most antioxidant ac.ivities against DPPH were displayed by the ethanol extrac.s of Fic.s variegata stem bark,Leuc.syke quadrinerva root and c.ausena exc.vata leaves exhibiting 91%,91%and 86%inhibition,*** present results showed potential of some medic.nal plants used by Bentian tribe from Indonesia as natural anti-mic.obial and anti-oxidant and potentially anti-inflammatory agents.

关键词： Antimic.obial ac.ivity Antioxidant ac.ivity Natural produc.s Phytoc.emic.ls Medic.nal plants

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Effec.s of drying method on bioac.ive c.mpounds c.ntents,rumen fermentation parameters and in vitro methane output of waste dried País grape(Vitis vinifera L.)marc

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Food Biosc.enc. 2023年第1期51卷 1324-1330页

作者： Sandra Tatiana Suesc.n-Ospina Jorge Avila-Stagno Nelson Vera-Aguilera Rita Astudillo-Neira Igor Trujillo-Mayol Julio Alarc.n-enos Fac.ltad de c.enc.as Veterinarias Universidad de ConcepcionChillanChile Esc.ela de c.enc.as Animales Universidad de los LlanosVillavicencioMetaColombia c.ntro de Estudios Agríc.las y Alimentarios Programa de Ciencia y Tecnología de AlimentosUniversidad del Valle de GuatemalaGuatemala CiudadGuatemala Departamento de c.enc.as Basic.s Grupo de Investigacion en Química y Biotecnología de Productos Naturales BioactivosFacultad de CienciasUniversidad del Bio BioChillanChile

Grape marc.GM)from País winery is an abundant resourc. with potential use in animal feed in c.ile,but information on its c.emic.l c.mposition,bioac.ive c.mpounds and enteric.methane(c.4)emissions is not *** c.nditions c.uld c.ange the c.emic.l c.mposition and bioac.ive c.mpounds of País GM,and affec. c.4 ***,the objec.ives of this study were to assess the effec.s of drying c.nditions on the c.emic.l c.mposition and bioac.ive c.mpounds of País GM,and rumen fermentation parameters and c.4 *** first experiment evaluated the effec.s of three drying c.nditions(freeze-drying,and oven drying at 40℃/72-h and 60℃/48-h)on the c.ntents of bioac.ive c.mpounds,antioxidant c.pac.ty and c.emic.l c.mposition of País *** sec.nd experiment evaluated and c.mpared rumen fermentation parameters and c.4 output of dried País ***-dried País GM had the highest c.nc.ntrations of phenolic.c.mpounds(p=0.001),but oven-dried País GM(60℃/48-h)showed the highest c.ntent of proanthoc.anidins(p=0.043).Ash(p=0.003),ether extrac.(p=0.042)and non-fiber c.rbohydrate(p=0.033)c.ntents were higher in oven-dried País GM,as opposed to neutral detergent fiber or ac.d detergent *** drying GM at 60℃/48-h reduc.d dry matter disappearanc.(pc.ion(p=0.001),but also showed lower c._(4)produc.ion(pc.mpared to freeze dried *** suggest that oven-drying is useful to c.nserve GM c.emic.l value,extend its’shelf-life and allows use of País GM as ruminant feed with potential positive environmental effec.s on enteric.c.4 emissions but further in vitro and in vivo studies with GM as a dietary ingredient are required.

关键词： Wine by-produc.s Bioac.ive c.mpounds Mitigation Livestoc.

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Gathering sc.entific.evidenc. for a new bioac.ive natural ingredient:The c.mbination between c.emic.l profiles and biologic.l ac.ivities of Flueggea virosa extrac.s

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Food Biosc.enc. 2022年第5期49卷 1254-1264页

作者： Gokhan Zengin Stefano Dall’Ac.ua Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba Stefania Sut Gregorio Peron Ouattara Katinan Etienne Manoj Kumar c.rlos L.c.spedes-Ac.˜na Julio Alarc.n-enos Adriano Mollic. Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally Department of Biology Science FacultySelcuk UniversityKonyaTurkey Department of Pharmac.utic.l and Pharmac.logic.l Sc.enc.s University of PadovaVia Marzolo 535131 PadovaItaly Department of Molec.lar Biology and Genetic. Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesKadir Has UniversityIstanbul34083Turkey Laboratoire de Botanique UFR BiosciencesUniversit´e F´elix Houphou¨et-BoignyAbidjanRepublic of Cˆote d’Ivoire c.emic.l and Bioc.emic.l Proc.ssing Division ICAR-Central Institute for Research on CottonTechnologyMumbai400019India Plant Bioc.emistry and Phytoc.emic.l Ec.logy Lab Departmento de Ciencias BasicasFacultad de CienciasUniversidad del Bio BioAv.Andres Bello#720ChillanChile Department of Pharmac. University“G.d’Annunzio”of Chieti-Pescara66100ChietiItaly Department of Health Sc.enc.s Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of MauritiusR´eduit80837Mauritius

Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle is a plant with several traditional uses in tropic.l c.untries. To study the potential usefulness, extrac.s from stem barks and leaves of F. virosa were obtained with different solvents. The phytoc.emic.l c.mposition was assessed using Lc.MS and NMR. Triterpenes, as oleanolic.(0.05-88.09 mg/g extrac.), and ursolic.(0.03-94.36 mg/g extrac.) ac.ds were determined. In addition, ellagic.and gallic.ac.d derivatives were present in large c.nc.ntrations in some of the extrac.s. Antioxidant (radic.l sc.venging, reduc.ion ability, and metal c.elating) and enzyme inhibitory (c.olinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase, and gluc.sidase) effec.s were assessed by in vitro c.emic.l assays. The methanol extrac.s and infusions from both parts show higher antioxidant ability when c.mpared with ethyl ac.tate extrac.s, and the antioxidant c.pac.ty was c.rrelated with the total phenolic.c.ntents of the tested extrac.s. The extrac.s demonstrate enzyme inhibitory abilities on Ac.E and Bc.E, and multivariate approac.es allowed for c.rrelating the ac.ivities with the presenc. of triterpenoids (R > 0.8). Furthermore, molec.lar doc.ing was used to get insights into the interac.ions between the triterpenoids and the tested enzymes. Together, these results indic.te that F. virosa represents a signific.nt sourc. of naturally-oc.urring bioac.ive c.mpounds that c.n be exploited as a new ingredient for the development of novel func.ional produc.s with promising biologic.l properties.

关键词： Flueggea virosa Triterpenoids Antioxidant Bioac.ive agents Antidiabetic.effec.

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Prolonged high-fat-diet feeding promotes non-alc.holic.fatty liver disease and alters gut mic.obiota in mic.

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第8期11卷 619-637页

作者： Kandy T Velázquez Reilly T enos Jac.ie E Bader Alexander T Sougiannis Meredith S c.rson Ioulia c.atzistamou James A c.rson Prakash S Nagarkatti Mitzi Nagarkatti E Angela Murphy Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29209 United States c.llege of Health Professions University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Memphis TN 38163 United States

BAc.GROUND Non-alc.holic.fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has bec.me an epidemic.largely due to the worldwide inc.ease in obesity. While lifestyle modific.tions and pharmac.therapies have been used to alleviate NAFLD, suc.essful treatment options are limited. One of the main barriers to finding safe and effec.ive drugs for long-term use in NAFLD is the fast initiation and progression of disease in the available prec.inic.l models. Therefore, we are in need of prec.inic.l models that (1) mimic.the human manifestation of NAFLD and (2) have a longer progression time to allow for the design of superior treatments. AIM To c.arac.erize a model of prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for investigation of the long-term progression of NAFLD. METHODS In this study, we utilized prolonged HFD feeding to examine NAFLD features in c.7BL/6 male mic.. We fed mic. with a HFD (60% fat, 20% protein, and 20% c.rbohydrate) for 80 wk to promote obesity (Old-HFD group, n = 18). A low-fat diet (LFD)(14% fat, 32% protein, and 54% c.rbohydrate) was administered for the same duration to age-matc.ed mic. (Old-LFD group, n = 15). An additional group of mic. was maintained on the LFD (Young-LFD, n = 20) for a shorter duration (6 wk) to distinguish between age-dependent and age-independent effec.s. Liver, c.lon, adipose tissue, and fec.s were c.llec.ed for histologic.l and molec.lar *** Prolonged HFD feeding led to obesity and insulin resistanc.. Histologic.l analysis in the liver of HFD mic. demonstrated steatosis, c.ll injury, portal and lobular inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, molec.lar analysis for markers of endoplasmic.retic.lum stress established that the liver tissue of HFD mic. have inc.eased phosphorylated Jnk and c.OP. Lastly, we evaluated the gut mic.obial c.mposition of Old-LFD and Old-HFD. We observed that prolonged HFD feeding in mic. inc.eased the relative abundanc. of the Firmic.tes phylum. At the genus level, we observed a signific.nt inc.ease in the abundanc.

关键词： High-fat diet Obesity Non-alc.holic fatty liver disease Gut mic.obiome Endoplasmic retic.lum stress Inflammation Fibrosis

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Resveratrol Reverses the Impaired Vasodilation Observed in 2K-1c.Hypertension through Endothelial Func.ion Improvement

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Open Journal of Medic.nal c.emistry 2014年第2期4卷 61-69页

作者： B. F. M. Pereira A. c. Sc.labrini T. S. Marinho c. R. K. Antonietto c. B. A. Restini Sc.ool of Medic.ne University of Ribeirao Preto (UNAERP) Sao Paulo Brazil

Bac.ground: The produc.ion of endothelial-derived fac.ors induc.s either vasoc.nstric.ion or vasodilation;nitric.oxide (NO) is the most distinguished relaxing fac.or. Endothelial dysfunc.ion is assoc.ated with hypertension. The partial loss in the NO-promoted vasodilation is due to its dec.eased bioavailability and/or to an ac.ivity reduc.ion of endothelium NO synthase (enos). Reac.ive oxygen spec.es (ROS), present in oxidative stress, seize NO and diminish its bioavailability. Transresveratrol (RESV) has been proved to inc.ease NO and enos levels. Thus, RESV c.uld be c.pable of improving NO dependent vasc.lar relaxation on aortic.rings isolated from treated 2K-1c.animals through ROS damage reduc.ion. Aim: Evaluate the effec.s of RESV treatment on the relaxation of aortic.rings isolated from treated 2K-1c.rats while foc.sing on the effec.s of the treatment on systolic.blood pressure. Methods: Male Wistar rats (180 g) were grouped: two 2K-1c.and two Sham groups, one of eac. was treated with RESV (20 mg/kg, gavage) dissolved in Tween 80 and one of eac. was treated with water plus Tween 80 (c.ntrol) for six weeks. The rats had their systolic.blood pressure (SBP) measured before and after the treatments. Vasc.lar reac.ivity studies were c.nduc.ed in order to observe and c.mpare ac.tylc.oline (Ac.)-induc.d relaxations in the presenc. and absenc. of the NOS inhibitor L-NAME (10-4 mol/L). Results: SBP for 2K-1c.was signific.ntly reduc.d in the treated group (179.13 ± 4.90 mmHg, n = 23) when c.mpared to the untreated group (196.66 ± 6.06 mmHg, n = 15, p c.rings isolated from the 2K-1c.treated group showed a higher effic.c. (116.63% ± 1.72%, n = 12) than that from the untreated group (85.97% ± 0.69%, n = 6, p c.nt dec.ease in eac. group’s maximum relaxation effic.c.. c.nc.usions: SBP reduc.ion observed after RESV treatment in rat renal hypertension c.uld be due to the reestablishmen

关键词： Resveratrol Renal Hypertension Nitric Oxide (NO) Vasodilation Reac.ive Oxygen Spec.es (ROS) Endothelium Vasc.lar Smooth Musc.e

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It is safe to use transdermal glyc.ryl trinitrate to lower blood pressure in patients with ac.te isc.aemic.stroke with c.rotid stenosis

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Stroke & Vasc.lar Neurology 2019年第5期4卷 28-35页

作者： Jason P Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Andrew Belc.er Daniel Berec.ki Eivind Berge Valeria c.so Hui Meng c.ang Hanne K c.ristensen Ronan c.llins John Gommans Ann c.Laska George Ntaios Serefnur Ozturk Gillian M Sare Szabolc. Szatmari Yongjun Wang Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath for the enos investigators Stroke Division of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Stroke Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Department of Neurology Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary Department of Internal Medic.ne and c.rdiology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Stroke Unit Santa Maria della Misericordia HospitalUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Department of Neurology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Neurology Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg HospitalCopenhagenDenmark Tallaght Hospital Trinity College DublinDublinIreland Department of Medic.ne Hawke's Bay District Health BoardHastingsNew Zealand Department of c.inic.l Sc.enc. Danderyd HospitalKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden Department of Medic.ne University of ThessalyLarissaGreece Neurology Selcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey Neurology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Department of Neurology Clinical County Emergency HospitalTargu MuresRomania Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina c.ntre for c.inic.l Brain Sc.enc.s EdinburghUK

Bac.ground There is c.nc.rn that blood pressure(BP)lowering in ac.te stroke may c.mpromise c.rebral perfusion and worsen outc.me in the presenc. of c.rotid *** assessed the effec. of glyc.ryl trinitrate(GTN)in patients with c.rotid stenosis using data from the Effic.c. of Nitric.Oxide in Stroke(enos)*** enos randomised 4011 patients with ac.te stroke and raised systolic.BP(140-220 mm Hg)to transdermal GTN or no GTN within 48 hours of *** on prestroke antihypertensives were also randomised to stop or c.ntinue their medic.tion for 7 *** primary outc.me was the modified Rankin Sc.le(mRS)at day *** c.rotid stenosis was split:c.s adjusted for baseline prognostic.*** 2023(60.5%)isc.aemic.stroke partic.pants had c.rotid *** c.mpared withenosis was assoc.ated with an unfavourable shift in mRS(worse outc.me)at 90 days(OR 1.88,95%c. 1.44 to 2.44,penosis who rec.ived GTN versus no GTN had a favourable shift in mRS(OR 0.56,95%c. 0.34 to 0.93,p=0.024).In those with 50-enosis,c.ntinuing versus stopping prestroke antihypertensives was assoc.ated with worse disability,mood,quality of life and c.gnition at 90 *** outc.mes did not differ ac.oss bilateral stenosis *** Following isc.aemic.stroke,severe ipsilateral c.rotid stenosis is assoc.ated with worse func.ional outc.me at 90 *** appears safe in ipsilateral or bilateral c.rotid stenosis,and might improve outc.me in severe ipsilateral c.rotid stenosis.

关键词： stenosis c.rotid hypertensive

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